含钡硫铝酸钙水泥矿物的研究

以硫铝酸盐水泥的主要矿物Ｃ４Ａ３Ｓ（３ＣａＯ·ＣａＳＯ４）为基础,用分析纯化学试剂ＢａＣＯ３,ＢａＳＯ４对Ｃ４Ａ３Ｓ中的Ｃａ离子进行取代,合成了一种新水泥矿物－－含钡硫铝酸钙系列矿物,并研究了该系列矿物的强度发展规律。发现该系列部分矿物的强度明显高于硫铝酸钙,并找到了最佳矿物组成点;应用Ｘ射线衍射仪、红外光谱仪、扫描电子显微和差热分析等测试手段,对熟料矿物的形成和水化机理进行了初步分析研究 。     

高性能低钙硅酸盐水泥熟料的矿物组成

在前人工作基础上,对高性能低钙硅酸盐水泥熟料的矿物组成要求进行了综合评述。为实现高强化,应适当提高熟料中硅酸盐矿物的总量,而减少中间相特别是Ｃ３Ａ的数量则有利于实现浆体的低需水量和高流动性,并可降低水泥水化热,提高所形成熟料的活性和混凝土耐久性。在熟料中引入Ｃ４Ａ３Ｓ可显著提高低钙水泥的早强,但必须对其凝结控制问题开展深入研究。     

利用含钡废渣烧制硫铝酸盐水泥的研究

本文主要探讨了利用含钡废渣制造C4A3-β-C2S型硫铝酸盐水泥的可行性.试验结果表明,掺入适量含钡废渣,可以提高硫铝酸盐水泥的早期和后期抗压强度;改善硫铝酸盐水泥的易烧性;通过大量的试验,找出了矿物最佳组成及烧成工艺条件,探讨了该系列水泥的水化机理.     

高硅酸二钙含钡硫铝酸盐水泥研究

通过研究含钡硫铝酸盐水泥的强度随硫铝酸钡钙矿物减少和硅酸盐矿物β-C2S矿物含量增加的变化情况,找出含钡硫铝酸盐水泥熟料的强度随矿物组成的变化规律,并寻找该水泥综合性能最优的β-C2S含量.实验结果表明,当C2S质量分数达到52%时,含钡硫铝酸盐水泥还具有较高的强度,其烧成温度为1350℃.含钡硫铝酸盐水泥3d到28d的强度增长率为14%,当C2S的质量分数到达52%时,3d到28d的强度增长率为23.3%.通过X射线衍射,扫描电子显微镜及能谱分析等手段对此配料点水泥矿物的水化机理及其水化过程进行了探讨.     

CSA水泥作为矿物外加剂对硅酸盐水泥性能及水化的影响

以三种不同粒度的硫铝酸盐水泥(CSA水泥)为矿物外加剂,研究了CSA水泥粒度、掺量对硅酸盐水泥(PC)物理性能、水化过程及水化产物性能的影响.研究表明:CSA水泥的掺量与粒度同时影响PC的凝结时间及标准稠度用水量;当CSA水泥掺量较低(1％)时,PC抗压强度有所提高;CSA水泥缩短PC水化诱导期,促进早期水化,降低C3S的水化速率,加快AFt向AFm转化;CSA水泥增加了早期水泥硬化浆体的孔隙率、累计孔体积及最可几孔径,但对后期硬化浆体的影响不大;而AFt与CH的形貌如短针状AFt及大尺寸六方板状CH不利于晶体的连生与结合,对强度的影响较大.     

利用低品位重晶石烧制含钡硫铝酸盐水泥熟料及其性能研究

采用低品位的重晶石为原料,烧制新型含钡硫铝酸盐水泥熟料,并对该水泥熟料的烧成制度进行了研究。借助于ＸＲＤ（Ｘ射线衍射）、ＳＥＭ（扫描电镜）、ＩＲ（红外光谱）等测试手段研究了该水泥熟料的组成和性能的关系,讨论了其水化机理。     

硅酸盐水泥水化产物微纳结构的原位研究

采用BSE-Raman原位表征了硅酸盐水泥水化产物的Raman光谱和空间分布.结果 表明:BSE-Raman能够原位获取水化硅酸钙(C-S-H)中硅氧四面体链Q1、Q2、Q3的结构信息.不同形貌组分的原位Raman光谱均由多种水化产物的Raman特征峰组成,即水泥水化产物在纳米尺寸存在混合现象.其中,占比最大的绒球状骨...     

改善石灰石硅酸盐水泥耐腐蚀性能的研究

探讨了在一定浓度的MgSO4溶液中，一定温度环境下石灰石硅酸盐水泥受侵过程，采用矿渣微粉部分替代石灰石微粉或水泥可以延迟或阻止侵蚀反应，对水泥石定期目测观察，并对某些样品进行XRD和DSC分析，证实侵蚀产物为水化碳硫硅酸钙，Ca(OH)2参与侵蚀反应，揭示了矿渣微粉提高石灰石硅盐盐水泥耐硫酸盐溶液侵蚀的机理。     

以C4A3S和C11A7.CaF2为主要矿物相的水泥水化研究

借助Ｘ射线衍射，扫描电镜，差热分析，能谱分析和微量热仪等现代测试手段研究了以Ｃ４Ａ３Ｓ和Ｃ１１Ａ７．ＣａＦ２为主要矿物相的水泥的水化产物，水泥石结构，水化机理和水化放热规律，对该节能水泥的物理性能作了评价。     

硅酸盐水泥水化产物微纳结构的原位研究EI北大核心CSCD

采用BSE-Raman原位表征了硅酸盐水泥水化产物的Raman光谱和空间分布。结果表明:BSE-Raman能够原位获取水化硅酸钙(C–S–H)中硅氧四面体链Q^(1)、Q^(2)、Q^(3)的结构信息。不同形貌组分的原位Raman光谱均由多种水化产物的Raman特征峰组成,即水泥水化产物在纳米尺寸存在混合现象。其中,占比最大的绒球状骨架主要由C–S–H和钙矾石(AFt)组成。BSE-Raman可快速、原位、精确识别不同的物相,在水泥基材料微结构表征方面具有广阔前景。     

The BET-specific surface area of hydrated Portland cement and related materials

Factors that may affect the results in the determination of the BET-specific surface area of hydrated Portland cement and related materials are analyzed on the basis of available experimental data. In addition to factors brought about by starting mix composition and curing conditions, the obtained result is also influenced by sample preparation, especially by the way free water is removed from the pore system. The consistently lower BET_N2 values, as compared to BET_H2O results, are brought about by the extremely restricted ability of nitrogen molecules to penetrate small pore entrances under conditions used in the measurement and to enter a part of the overall pore space.     

Impact of triethanolamine on the sulfate balance of Portland cements with mixed sulfate carriers

The differences between the hydration of Portland cements with single and with mixed sulfate carriers in the presence of triethanolamine (TEA) were investigated, and possible mechanisms were proposed. Without TEA, cements with different types of sulfate carriers (gypsum, hemihydrate, anhydrite, and mixture of these) have a comparable hydration process at the same molar amount of calcium sulfate. At a TEA dosage of 0.5 wt.%, the sample with a mixture of three sulfate carriers shows substantially stronger retardation of the C₃S (This publication uses the cement chemist notation: C₃S = Ca₃SiO₅, C₂S = Ca₂SiO₄, C₃A = Ca₃Al₂O₆, C₄AF = Ca₂(Al, Fe)₂O₅.) hydration than the cements with only one of these sulfate carriers, which is likely caused by the rapid formation of ettringite and the fast depletion of all sulfate carriers. These effects indicate that TEA influences the balance of sulfate carriers with aluminate-containing clinker phases. On the one hand, TEA can disturb the original sulfate balance due to the accelerated dissolution of aluminate-containing clinker phases, especially C₄AF. On the other hand, these effects are closely related to the types and amounts of the sulfate carriers in the cement. A higher amount of sulfate carriers can minimize the TEA-related retardation of the C₃S hydration, and hemihydrate shows the strongest impact at the same calcium sulfate quantity.     

高碱硅酸盐水泥熟料的SEM研究

采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和能谱仪（EDS）,观察和分析了熟料中的矿物形貌和化学组成,探讨了碱在熟料中的存在形式.研究结果表明,在高碱熟料中可以观察到有明显的硫酸盐存在,如Na2SO4,K2SO4,CaSO4或CaSO4·K2SO4;高碱熟料中碱更易进入硅酸盐矿物和铝酸盐矿物中,分别形成KC23S12、NCBA3;熟料中的碱（R2O）有一部分固溶在硅酸盐矿物和铝酸盐矿物中.     

Nanostructure of Calcium Silicate Hydrate Gels in Cement Paste

High-resolution electron microscopy study of calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) gels in ordinary portland cement (OPC) and a slag/OPC blend has been performed. Nanocrystalline regions on the scale of ∼5 nm or less in C-S-H are found in both cement pastes, and they are formed after a curing time as brief as 7 d. A change in the d -spacing of the nanocrystalline regions with time is observed for the first time, which is believed to correspond to the development of C-S-H with time. The nanoheterogeneous nature of C-S-H is demonstrated and correlated to the strong Ca:Si ratio fluctuations that are observed.     

响应曲面法优化高强硅酸盐水泥熟料矿物组成的研究

硅酸盐水泥熟料的矿物组成对水泥力学性能有重要影响,传统方法通过正交试验法优化水泥熟料矿物组成,试验量大,且难以获得水泥熟料矿物组成最佳点.利用响应曲面法(RSM)优化硅酸盐水泥熟料矿物组成,基于Box-Behnken试验设计方法,揭示了石灰饱和系数(KH)、铝率(IM)、硅率(SM)与水化28 d抗压强度之间的关系,并...     

Deconstructing water sorption isotherms in cement pastes by lattice density functional theory simulations

The moisture content in cement pastes influences their mechanical properties and durability. However, the complex, multiscale nature of cement pastes makes it challenging to isolate the contributions of each scale to their macroscopic water sorption isotherms. In particular, the contribution of the calcium–silicate–hydrate gel (the binding phase of cement pastes) remains only partially understood. Here, we introduce a density functional theory lattice model describing water sorption in calcium–silicate–hydrate, which properly reproduces experimental water sorption isotherms in cement pastes. Based on this model, we deconstruct the contribution of each pore scale (interlayer spacing, gel pores, and capillary pores) to the total sorption isotherm. We show that, when the relative humidity is below 80%, the calcium–silicate–hydrate gel accounts for more than 90% of the moisture content adsorbed in cement pastes. In turn, we find that the contribution of the interlayer space within the calcium–silicate–hydrate grains is governed by the competition between the rate of interlayer space opening and the increasing propensity for water to fill larger pores upon increasing relative humidity. Overall, our results highlight the key role played by the calcium–silicate–hydrate in governing the sorption isotherms of cement pastes.     

掺杂对含硫铝酸钙矿物硅酸盐水泥烧成的影响

研究了CuO,P2O5对含硫铝酸钙矿物硅酸盐水泥熟料的易烧性及矿物形成的影响.借助化学分析测定了水泥熟料中游离氧化钙(f-CaO)及C4A3S矿物的含量,用X射线衍射分析了熟料矿物组成,并采用透射电镜(TEM)研究了CuO对C3S晶体结构的影响.结果表明:生料中掺入少量的CuO和P2O5能改善水泥生料的易烧性,促进f-CaO的吸收;CuO能促进C3S矿物产生调制结构.当CuO掺入量超过0.5%时,不利于C4A3S矿物形成;P2O5的掺入则有利于C4A3S的形成.     

Highly Reactive β-Dicalcium Silicate: II, Hydration Behavior at 25°C Followed by 29Si Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

The hydration behavior at 25°C of highly reactive β-dicalcium silicate synthesized from hillebrandite (Ca₂(SiO₃)(OH)₂) was studied over a period of 7 to 224 d using ²⁹Si magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS NMR). The hydration product, C-S-H, contains Q² and Q¹ silicate tetrahedra, the chemical shifts of which are independent of the water/solid (w/s) ratio and curing time. Until the reaction is completed, the amounts of Q¹ and Q² formed are independent of the w/s ratio, being determined only by the degree of reaction. The ratio Q²/Q¹ increases as the reaction progresses and as the curing time becomes longer. From the values of Q²/Q¹, it appears that the hydrate is a mixture of dimers and short single-chain polymers. The Ca/Si ratio of the hydrate is high, taking values close to 2.0, but the Ca/Si ratio does not influence the Q²/Q¹ ratio. It was also found that the NMR peak intensities allow quantitative assessment similar to XRD.