基于两跳匹配的OFDMA中继网络联合资源分配算法

针对OFDMA中继网络的两跳特性,提出一种基于两跳匹配的中继网络联合资源分配算法。首先根据中继网络的两跳性建立两跳速率匹配模型,然后利用对偶分解理论将中继网络资源分配的主问题分解为：中继选择、子载波分配和功率分配三个主要的子问题并进行联合优化,同时基于中继网络两跳性在子载波分配的过程中考虑两跳子载波配对,以逼近系统最优解。最后为了保证算法的公平性,考虑子载波分配因子约束以优化子载波分配。仿真结果表明：所提算法将中继选择、两跳子载波配对与功率分配联合优化以进一步提升系统吞吐量,同时引入子载波分配因子约束,保证了算法的公平性。     

基于能量定价的协作OFDM系统网络寿命优化算法

 本文研究两跳协作多中继正交频分复用(OFDM)系统的网络寿命优化问题.为使网络寿命最大化,基于对节点能量的定价提出一种穷举算法,即首先列举所有的子载波配对与中继选择联合决策;在每种决策下利用拉格朗日法求解最优功率分配,使得网络在满足一定吞吐量的前提下消耗能量总价值最小;然后选择损耗能量价值最小的联合决策.由于穷举算法受到计算复杂度的限制,进而基于子载波的单位信噪比(SNR)代价将中继选择与子载波配对分步优化,提出两种低复杂度算法.仿真结果表明,本文各算法的网络寿命性能比已有算法均有显著提高.     

联合子载波抑制与配对的双向DF-PLNC OFDM中继

子载波抑制(SS)技术已被证明能够显著提高正交频分复用(OFDM)系统的误码率性能,因此引起了学术界的广泛关注。在双向OFDM中继网络(TWRN)中,由于两个源节点与中继之间的链路具有独立性,直接应用子载波抑制技术会造成两条链路的活跃子载波具有非对称性,从而导致大量子载波在中继节点无法实现网络编码。提出了一种联合子载波抑制与子载波配对(SP)的双向译码转发(DF)-物理层网络编码(PLNC)OFDM中继系统。该方法对中继两端链路的非对称活跃子载波进行配对,在配对的子载波上发送物理层网络编码信息。仿真结果表明,该方法显著改善了误码率性能,消除了原有的误码平台并且提高了系统的吞吐量性能。     

OFDM中继系统的中继子载波对选择和功率分配

中继传输能够有效地提高系统功率效率以及传输容量。该文研究宽带OFDM中继系统的最优中继子载波对选择和功率分配。首先分别针对再生中继和非再生中继两种模式,提出中继子载波对的等效信道增益;然后利用匈牙利算法进行中继子载波对选择;最后在选择出的中继子载波对上利用注水法进行功率分配,从而达到最大化传输容量的目的。仿真结果表明,相对于随机中继子载波选择以及平均功率分配,该文算法与其它几种方法相比中继系统容量有较大提高。     

MIMO-OFDM接力通信系统的最优功率分配

针对两跳多入多出-正交频分复用(MIMO-OFDM)接力通信系统进行研究,每一跳传输采用奇异值分解将多载波上的MIMO信道转化为多个独立子通道,并提出最大化系统容量的最优功率分配问题,其中源节点和中继节点能够在多个子通道上进行联合功率分配;继而采用拉格朗日算法提出最优功率分配算法.由于最优算法涉及一元四次方程组,目前的数学方法不能提供其通解的闭合表达式,因此提出采用迭代过程实现最优功率分配的方法,为MIMO-OFDM接力系统提供了系统容量的上限.数值仿真结果显示,最优功率分配算法能大大提升系统容量,增强系统的传输能力.     

OFDM固定中继系统中单中继多源用户资源分配方案

通过基站的反馈信息,一个固定中继节点可以用一个OFDM符号同时帮助多个源用户转发信息,这样可以有效地利用带宽。因此,为了进一步提高系统容量,降低中断概率,先在中继节点间进行子载波调整,然后以获取信道容量最大为原则,提出了源用户和中继节点间子载波配对和功率分配的联合优化算法。仿真结果表明,相对于随机中继子载波选择算法以及平均功率分配算法,所提算法的中继系统容量有较大提升,同时中断概率有较为明显的下降。     

具有时延QoS保证的OFDM中继系统子载波配对与功率分配算法

 本文研究具有直接通信链路的OFDM解码转发(Decode-and-Forward,DF)中继系统的子载波配对与功率分配算法,目标是在满足业务时延QoS要求的前提下最大化系统容量.利用有效容量模型,首先把OFDM DF中继系统的子载波配对与功率分配问题形成为混合整数规划问题,然后把其转化为连续松弛凸规划问题,利用凸优化方法得到原问题的最优解,从而提出了一种联合最优的子载波配对与功率分配迭代算法.理论推导结果和仿真结果表明,最优子载波配对与功率分配不仅取决于子载波的信道增益,还取决于业务的时延QoS要求.与已有算法相比,本文算法获得的有效容量最大.     

双向协作OFDM系统中基于能量定价的功率分配与中继选择算法

该文研究双向两跳协作多中继正交频分复用(OFDM)系统的网络寿命优化问题。由于网络寿命最大化的问题无法直接求解,该文提出一种基于对各节点能量定价的次优算法,即将各子载波的功率分配,中继及源节点选择进行分步优化。首先利用拉格朗日法求解两个方向上的源与各中继节点配对时的最优功率分配,使得网络在满足一定吞吐量和发送功率限制的前提下,消耗能量总价值最小;然后在所有可能的配对中选择每个方向最优的中继节点;最后选择损耗能量价值较小的数据流方向。分别考虑了源与目的节点间有无直接链路两种场景,在有直接链路场景下分析了最大比值合并(MRC)和选择合并(SC)两种分集方式对功率优化的影响。仿真结果表明,该文提出算法的网络寿命比已有算法有显著提高。     

基于选择性分集技术的无线中继系统性能

采用中继传输能够抵抗无线信道的多径衰落,克服阴影效应,从而增强通信质量,提高频谱效率。该文首先给出了两跳中继系统模型,针对非再生及再生两类中继方式,简要介绍了采用非分集接收及最大比合并时的链路性能。考虑到接收机复杂度和系统实现的性能代价比,该文引入了处理相对简单但又具备分集优势的选择性合并方式,并根据中继节点不同的位置分布,分析了两类中继方式下系统的通信中断概率和误码率。数值结果表明,非再生中继传输具有较好的性能,同时中继系统若采用选择性分集接收,则既能降低收端复杂度,又能获得较大的性能增益。     

非再生协同通信系统分集性能分析

基于系统端到端信噪比的矩生成函数(MGF),分析了非再生(nonregenerative)协同通信系统在平坦衰落信道下的分集性能,并用计算机仿真证明了分析结果的正确性.分析结果表明,采用固定增益中继的双跳协同通信系统的分集阶数小于1.     

Resource optimization in distributed cooperative multi-relay system based on STBC-OFDM

On the basis of the amplify-and-forward relaying mode, a two-hop distributed cooperative multi-relay system is proposed combining with the space-time block coding OFDM (STBC-OFDM) technique. Taking the maximum end-to-end data rate as optimization criterion, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of receiving terminal is deduced. On the basis of the water-filling theory, the optimal power allocation (OPA) is achieved for each subcarrier in each antenna and each relay node (RN) of the two-hop, to realize the resource optimization. Monte Carlo method is adopted in simulation. The simulation results show that compared with the uniform resource allocation scheme, the proposed OPA strategy can improve the system capacity. And the energy consumption of each transmission bit will be decreased, indicating the improvement of resource efficiency. In the scenario that the total power is limited, the system performance can be enhanced further by the distributed cooperative multi-relay through the diversity gain.     

Joint power allocation and subcarrier pairing in OFDM-based cooperative relaying system

This paper proposes rate-maximized (MR) joint subcarrier pairing (SP) and power allocation (PA) (MR-SP&PA),a novel scheme for maximizing the weighted sum rate of the orthogonal-frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) relaying system with a decode-and-forward (DF) relay.MR-SP&PA is based on the joint optimization of both SP and power allocation with total power constraint,and formulated as a mixed integer programming problem in the paper.The programming problem is then transformed to a convex optimization problem by using continuous relaxation,and solved in the Lagrangian dual domain.Simulation results show that MR-SP&PA can maximize the weighted sum rate under total power constraint and outperform equal power allocation (EPA) and proportion power allocation (PCG).     

Capacity Maximization for OFDM Two-Hop Relay System With Separate Power Constraints

The combination of a multihop relay system and orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation is a promising way to increase the capacity and coverage area. For the OFDM two-hop relay system with separate power constraints, joint subcarrier matching and power allocation is considered in this paper, which uses the “decode-and-forward” relay strategy. The aforementioned problem can be formulated as a mixed binary integer programming problem, which is prohibitive when trying to find the global optimum. By separating the subcarrier matching and the power allocation, the optimal scheme, i.e., the optimal joint subcarrier matching and power allocation, is presented in this paper. After that, a suboptimal scheme with less complexity is also proposed, which can also be used to better understand the effects of power allocation. Simulation results show that the capacity of the optimal scheme is almost equivalent to the upper bound of the system capacity, and the capacity of the suboptimal scheme is close to that of the optimal scheme. In addition, simulation results also show that the one-to-one subcarrier matching is almost optimal, although it simplifies the system architecture.      

QoS-Driven Jointly Optimal Subcarrier Pairing and Power Allocation for Decode-and-Forward OFDM Relay Systems

In this paper, we investigate the quality-of-service (QoS) driven subcarrier pairing and power allocation for two-hop decode-and-forward (DF) OFDM relay systems. By integrating the concept of effective capacity, our goal is to maximize the system throughput subject to a given delay-QoS constraint. Based on whether the destination can receive the signal transmitted by the source, we consider two scenarios, i.e. OFDM DF relay systems without diversity and OFDM DF relay systems with diversity, respectively. For OFDM DF relay systems without diversity, we demonstrate that the jointly optimal subcarrier pairing and power allocation can be implemented with two separate steps. For OFDM DF relay systems with diversity, we propose an iterative algorithm to achieve jointly optimal subcarrier pairing and power allocation. Furthermore, we find that the analytical results show different conclusions for the two types of OFDM relay systems. For OFDM relay systems without diversity, the optimal power allocation depend on not only the channel quality of subcarriers but also the delay QoS constraints, while the optimal subcarrier pairing just depends on the channel quality of subcarriers. For OFDM relay systems with diversity, both the optimal subcarrier pairing and power allocation depend on the channel quality of subcarriers and the delay QoS constraints. Simulation results show that our proposed scheme offers a superior performance over the existing schemes.     

多天线双向中继系统中的中继处理与资源分配策略

该文在多天线放大转发双向中继系统中,根据最小和均方误差(MSMSE)准则,以较小的复杂度得到了MSE最优的中继处理矩阵的闭合表达式。为综合利用空域和频域分集,探讨了OFDM双向中继系统的资源分配策略,提出了实现复杂度低的分层子载波配对策略和功率优化分配策略。仿真结果显示,所设计的中继处理策略在系统和速率和误码率性能上均明显优于其他双向中继策略,且性能随着中继天线数的增加而提升;结合功率分配的分层子载波配对策略能明显提升系统和速率,性能接近最优策略。     

A medium access control scheme for TDD-CDMA cellular networks with two-hop relay architecture

In this paper, we propose a multihop medium access control (mMAC) scheme for time division duplexing-code division multiple access (TDD-CDMA) cellular networks with two-hop relay architecture to support packet data transmission. The proposed mMAC is based on joint CDMA/PRMA (packet reservation multiple access) protocol and it includes BCH code selection, power control and multihop relaying. Simulation results reveal that cellular networks with two-hop relay architecture with the proposed mMAC scheme can substantially provide a good performance as well as larger cell coverage as compared to conventional TDD-CDMA single-hop cellular networks.     

Resource allocation scheme in two-way multi-relay OFDM system

A joint optimization scheme for power allocation and subcarrier pairing under high SNR in two-way multi-relay OFDM system was proposed.Unlike those schemes in which relays use subcarriers separately,all the relays were allowed to forward signal on each subcarrier pair for providing much space diversity.With the constraint of total system power,the proposed scheme firstly allocated each relay power with Cauchy inequality with the assuming that the total relay power was fixed.Then the dichotomy was used to calculate the power allocation between the source node and the relay node by maximizing the equivalent channel gain for different subcarrier pairs.Lastly,the power of different subcarrier pairs was allocated by convex programming,and the subcarriers were paired by Hungarian algorithm to obtain the maximum system capacity.There was no optimal power allocation method with low complexity because of the complexity of the power allocation algorithm in two-way multi-relay networks.This algorithm greatly reduces the complexity of power allocation and simulation results show that the proposed scheme outperforms the relay selection scheme and the relays use subcarriers separately scheme.     

两跳高斯线性中继信道：可达码率与最优设计

The relay node with linear relaying transmits the linear combination of its past received signals. The optimization of two-hop relay channel with linear relaying is discussed in this paper. The capacity for the two-hop Gaussian relay channel with linear relaying is derived, which can be formulated as an optimization problem over the relaying matrix and the covariance matrix of the signals transmitted at the source. It is proved that the solution to this optimization problem is equivalent to a “single-letter ”optimization problem. We also show that the solution to this “single-letter ”optimization problem has the same form as the expression of the rate achieved by Time-Sharing Amplify and Forward ( TSAF ). In order to solve this equivalent problem, we proposed an iterative algorithm. Simulation results show that if channel gain of one hop is relatively smaller, the achievable rate with TSAF is closer to the max-flow min-cut capacity bound, but at a lower complexity.     

Resource allocation based on genetic algorithm for multi-hop OFDM system with non-regenerative relaying

This article investigates resource allocation in multi-hop orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system with amplifying-and-forwarding relaying to maximize the end-to-end capacity. Most existing methods for multi-hop system focus on power allocation or subcarrier selection separately, but joint resource allocation is rarely considered due to the absence of effective interaction schemes. In this work, a novel joint resource allocation methodology is proposed based on Partheno genetic algorithm (PGA), which produces excellent subcarrier allocation set (referred to as individual in PGA) with higher capacity by evolution operator generation by generation. In addition, an adaptive power allocation is also designed to evaluate the fitness of PGA and further enhance the system capacity. Both theoretical analysis and simulated results show the effectiveness of the proposed joint strategy. It outperforms the traditional method by as much as 40% capacity improvement for 3-hop relaying system when system power is high, and obtains much more capacity enhancement percent under conditions of low system power.