个体软件过程的研究与实践

个体软件过程(PSP)是当前软件行业的重要技术,给开发者提供了一个进行软件开发的标准化框架.本文在阐述个体软件过程(PSP)原理的基础上,结合软件过程的实施过程,探讨了实施个体软件过程PSP时要注意的问题.     

基于SPEM扩展元模型的PSP实施方法*

提出了一种支持PSP过程的SPEM扩展元模型P-SPEM,并给出了基于P-SPEM的PSP实施过程及支持该过程的原型工具.其中使用PROBE方法帮助个体进行项目计划和估算,用DEA分析方法综合评价工程师的过程性能,有效地指导工程师实施PSP.     

PSP的软件测量研究

本文从个体软件过程PSP的体系结构和工作改进过程出发,对PSP中的软件测量进行了研究,指出了其关键的测量元,最后,为帮助实施PSP,给出了对实施效果进行评估的评价标准.     

基于CMMI/TSP/PSP的软件过程改进框架探讨

本文介绍了CMMI,TSP和PSP,阐述了将CMMI、TSP和PSP三者结合的软件过程改进框架,并分析了该框架在行业中的应用及效果.     

PSP支持RUP的应用研究

RUP（Rattonal Unified Process）是由Rational软件公司开发和营销的一种软件工程过程,它提供了如何在开发组织中严格分配任务和职责的方法.PSP是软件工程师个体软件过程改进的指导框架,它提供了一些度量标准、操作步骤和模板帮助工程师改进个人的软件工程技巧.在阐述PSP和RUP原理的基础上,探讨以PSP支持RUP,通过个人软件过程的改进,从而提高组织整体的过程改进效果,达到改善软件产品质量、提高软件开发效率的目的.     

个体软件过程简介

个体软件过程(PSP)为工程师做软件工作提供了一个受过训练的个人框架.当工程师使用PSP时,理想的过程目标是按进度和费用生产没有缺陷的产品.PSP包括方法、表格和脚本,以此来指导软件工程师计划、测量和管理他们的工作.PSP可用于任何编程语言或设计方法,以及软件工作的许多方面,包括编写需求、运行测试用例、定义过程和修改缺陷等.文章详细描述了什么是PSP,以及它是如何起作用的.     

浅析个体软件过程(PSP)

CMM被软件业界公认是当前最好的软件过程，PSP是CMM在软件工程师等级上的应用，是针对个人的软件过程的改进，文章介绍和分析了PSP的基本概念，作用；进化框架等内容，最后给出了PSP和CMM之间的联系。     

个体软件过程简介

个体软件过程(PSP)为工程师做软件工作提供了一个受过训练的个人框架。当工程师使用PSP时,理想的过程目标是按进度和费用生产没有缺陷的产品。PSP包括方法、表格和脚本,以此来指导软件工程师计划、测量和管理他们的工作。PSP可用于任何编程语言或设计方法,以及软件工作的许多方面,包括编写需求、运行测试用例、定义过程和修改缺陷等。文章详细描述了什么是PSP,以及它是如何起作用的。     

PSP在办公自动化信息平台开发中的研究

PSP是为帮助软件工程师完成出色的工作而设计的，它通过循序渐进的方法帮助软件工作人员度量、分析和改进自身的工作过程，从而提高工作效率，减少工作失误，并最终达到在预定的时间内生产出高质量软件产品的目的。本文描述了PSP的持续改进过程及在软件开发中的作用，给出了PSP的进化框架，分析了PSP与TSP、CMM之间的关系，并针对办公自动化信息平台的开发，说明了其具体实施过程。     

PSP在办公自动化信息平台开发中的研究

PSP是为帮助软件工程师完成出色的工作而设计的,它通过循序渐进的方法帮助软件工作人员度量、分析和改进自身的工作过程,从而提高工作效率,减少工作失误,并最终达到在预定的时间内生产出高质量软件产品的目的。本文描述了PSP的持续改进过程及在软件开发中的作用,给出了PSP的进化框架,分析了PSP与TSP、CMM之间的关系,并针对办公自动化信息平台的开发,说明了其具体实施过程。     

A Replicated Empirical Study of the Impact of the Methods in the PSP on Individual Engineers

The Personal Software Process (PSP) has during the last couple ofyears gained attention as a way to individual improvements insoftware development. The PSP is introduced to students and engineersthrough a course, which introduces a personal software developmentprocess. The personal software development process is improvedin steps during the course and a collection of methods is introducedto support the personal development process. The question is,however, how do these methods influence the performance of anindividual engineer? This question has been studied in a studymade at the Software Engineering Institute, and the study hasshown that the methods in the PSP have a positive effect on theperformance of the individuals. There is however a need to replicatethis study to confirm the findings in other settings and withother individuals. This paper describes a replicationof the study made at the Software Engineering Institute. Boththe original study and this replication are made on data reportedfrom the students taking the PSP course. The differences betweenthe two studies are the programming languages used, which heldthe courses, the class sizes, and the experiences of the students.In summary, the results from this replication confirm the resultsin the original study: Size estimation accuracy gets better,the defect density gets lower, the defects are found earlierand that the pre-compile yield gets better during the PSP course.Basically, the two studies show that the methods in the PSP helpengineers to improve their performance.     

用PSP塑造合格的软件工程师

本文首先简要介绍了PSP的原理,阐述了如何使学生理解从个体软件开发过程到软件产品工程过程,培养学生从开发简单小程序的实践转向开发大规模软件。然后结合实际的教学环境对教学策略加以详细的说明,并对收集到的学生数据进行总结和分析。     

Experimental evaluation of software development tools for safety-critical real-time systems

Since the early years of computing, programmers, systems analysts, and software engineers have sought ways to improve development process efficiency. Software development tools are programs that help developers create other programs and automate mundane operations while bringing the level of abstraction closer to the application engineer. In practice, software development tools have been in wide use among safety-critical system developers. Typical application areas include space, aviation, automotive, nuclear, railroad, medical, and military. While their use is widespread in safety-critical systems, the tools do not always assure the safe behavior of their respective products. This study examines the assumptions, practices, and criteria for assessing software development tools for building safety-critical real-time systems. Experiments were designed for an avionics testbed and conducted on six industry-strength tools to assess their functionality, usability, efficiency, and traceability. The results some light on possible improvements in the tool evaluation process that can lead to potential tool qualification for safety-critical real-time systems.     

Assessing PSP effect in training disciplined software development: A Plan-Track-Review model

Context

In training disciplined software development, the PSP is said to result in such effect as increased estimation accuracy, better software quality, earlier defect detection, and improved productivity. But a systematic mechanism that can be easily adopted to assess and interpret PSP effect is scarce within the existing literature.

Objective

The purpose of this study is to explore the possibility of devising a feasible assessment model that ties up critical software engineering values with the pertinent PSP metrics.

Method

A systematic review of the literature was conducted to establish such an assessment model (we called a Plan-Track-Review model). Both mean and median approaches along with a set of simplified procedures were used to assess the commonly accepted PSP training effects. A set of statistical analyses further followed to increase understanding of the relationships among the PSP metrics and to help interpret the application results.

Results

Based on the results of this study, PSP training effect on the controllability, manageability, and reliability of a software engineer is quite positive and largely consistent with the literature. However, its effect on one’s predictability on project in general (and on project size in particular) is not implied as said in the literature. As for one’s overall project efficiency, our results show a moderate improvement. Our initial finding also suggests that a prior stage PSP effect could have an impact on later stage training outcomes.

Conclusion

It is concluded that this Plan-Track-Review model with the associated framework can be used to assess PSP effect regarding a disciplined software development. The generated summary report serves to provide useful feedback for both PSP instructors and students based on internal as well as external standards.     

在小型软件开发过程中引入PSP技术

本文基于对CMM/PSP/TSP的理论研究,重点探讨并尝试了将PSP技术应用于小型软件开发,就软件过程的改善提供了一些参考意见。