酵母菌固定化及对锶吸附的影响

酵母菌具有吸附富集重金属离子的能力.利用海藻酸钠对酿酒酵母菌进行固定,对固定化后的酿酒酵母菌吸附锶的能力做了对比研究.结果表明,海藻酸钠颗粒对锶有一定吸附作用,吸附速度较快,但是结合不稳定,未固定的酵母菌吸附较稳定,但是在低浓度时,吸附率不高;固定化酵母菌对锶的吸附分两个阶段,低质量浓度(10 mg/L)时,吸附率可达80%.在不同质量浓度梯度下(10～100 mg/L)吸附研究中发现,三者的吸附率均随浓度增大而减小,但吸附总量均有所增加.随培养时间延长,未固定与固定化酵母菌对锶的吸附率和吸附量趋于一致.结果表明海藻酸钠可以作为酵母菌活细胞生长固定化载体并表现出对低浓度Sr2+的较好吸附效果.     

固定化啤酒废酵母对Pb^2＋吸附性能的研究

固定化啤酒酵母法是采用啤酒废酵母作为生物吸附剂,研究其在固定化的条件下对Pb^2＋的吸附特性。用2％海藻酸钠与1％明胶混合作为包埋剂固定啤酒废酵母。考察了固定化啤酒废酵母吸附Ph^2＋过程中的影响因素,包括初始Pb^2＋浓度、酵母菌体渡度、吸附时间和初始pH值等。试验结果表明,在初始Pb^2＋质量浓度为100mg／L、pH值为5、菌体酵母投加量为1.44g/L、吸附时间为180min的最佳条件下,固定化啤酒废酵母对Pb^2＋的吸附率为92.69％,吸附量为51.35mg／g,吸附符合Freunollich方程,相关系数R为0.99014。     

固定化啤酒废酵母对Pb~(2+)吸附性能的研究

固定化啤酒酵母法是采用啤酒废酵母作为生物吸附剂,研究其在固定化的条件下对Pb2+的吸附特性。用2%海藻酸钠与1%明胶混合作为包埋剂固定啤酒废酵母。考察了固定化啤酒废酵母吸附Pb2+过程中的影响因素,包括初始Pb2+浓度、酵母菌体浓度、吸附时间和初始pH值等。试验结果表明,在初始Pb2+质量浓度为100mg/L、pH值为5、菌体酵母投加量为1.44 g/L、吸附时间为180 min的最佳条件下,固定化啤酒废酵母对Pb2+的吸附率为92.69%,吸附量为51.35 mg/g,吸附符合Freunollich方程,相关系数R为0.990 14。     

影响啤酒酵母菌吸附铅离子条件的研究

采用啤酒酵母自制生物吸附剂用于吸附金属铅离子,考察了pH值、反应时间、酵母浓度及金属离子浓度对啤酒酵母吸附Pb2 的影响.单因素实验结果表明,当pH值为5.0、溶液初始Pb2 浓度为80 mg·L-1、啤酒酵母的浓度为1.0 g·L-1、反应时间为0.5 h时,吸附效果最佳.通过正交实验,确定初始Pb2 浓度为反应过程中的显著因素.     

聚丙烯酸基水凝胶的制备及对Sr2+的吸附性能研究

以丙烯酸、氧化石墨烯和二苯并-18冠醚-6为原料,制备了三维多层水凝胶复合材料。利用SEM和FT-IR对复合材料进行了表征,并对核废水中的Sr2+进行吸附研究。实验考察了pH、接触时间和初始离子浓度对吸附性能的影响。采用Langmuir和Freundlich等温模型,拟一级和拟二级动力学模型对吸附数据进行了拟合。结果表明,该样品含有丰富的-COOH基团和三维多层结构,表现出非常快的吸附动力学,最大吸附量和吸附率分别为292.2 mg/g88.72%。     

啤酒酵母对重金属离子的吸附和解吸效果影响的实验研究

以固定化的啤酒酵母作为生物吸附剂,海藻酸钠和聚乙烯醇作为包埋剂,研究了pH值、ρ(初始重金属离子)、ρ(菌体)、吸附时间、吸附温度对吸附Pb2+、Cu2+、Zn2+和Cd2+的影响,并进行了解吸剂及其质量浓度对固定化啤酒酵母解吸影响的研究.研究结果表明,在pH值=5.5,ρ(菌体)=20 g/L,吸附时间2h,吸附温度...     

微生物吸附重金属离子研究进展

从吸附剂种类、生物吸附机理、微生物细胞的固定化、以及重金属离子解吸等方面进行了综述,同时阐述了生物吸附重金属技术的研究进展和应用前景。     

凹凸棒石对核素Sr2+的吸附性能与结构表征

本文采用间歇法研究了凹凸棒石在不同环境条件下(浓度、介质、pH值、温度)对Sr2+的吸附性能,并对吸附Sr2+后的凹凸棒石用XRD表征和分析,为评价中低放核废物处置效果提供一些参考依据.结果表明:凹凸棒石对Sr2+的平衡吸附量随Sr2+溶液的浓度升高而增大,而平衡吸附率和平衡吸附比随溶液的浓度增大而降低.凹凸棒石对Sr2+的吸附性能随pH增大而提高.在介质1中,凹凸棒石对Sr2+的吸附性能最好,在介质3、2、4中对Sr2+的吸附性能依次降低.在303 K以上时,凹凸棒石对Sr2+的吸附性能随温度升高而提高.吸附Sr2+后的凹凸棒石的晶胞参数a增大,晶胞参数b减小,其它晶胞参数变化在不同条件下各有规律.     

厌氧颗粒污泥对水中铅离子的吸附与解吸附

采用厌氧颗粒污泥对废水中的Pb2+进行了吸附和解吸附研究. 结果表明,影响Pb2+吸附的主要因素是溶液pH、污泥投加量、Pb2+的初始浓度及接触时间. 处理25 mL Pb2+浓度为100 mg/L的(pH 4~5)模拟废水时,投加0.1 g污泥,污泥吸附容量为121.1 mg/g,对废水中Pb2+的吸附率可达99.5%. 未经烘干处理的颗粒污泥有更强的吸附能力,其吸附过程符合Lagergren二级动力学方程,吸附等温线可由Langmuir和Freundlich方程很好地拟合,相关性良好. 吸附Pb2+后的厌氧颗粒污泥用0.1 mol/L硝酸经3次解吸后,解吸率可达93.11%.     

Characterization of Saccharomyces cerevisiae immobilized onto chrysotile for ethanol production

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (CCT 3174 and commercial baker's yeast) was immobilized by adsorption onto chrysotile. The adsorbed yeast cells were easily washed out, but cells grown in situ were strongly attached by entrapment by chrysotile microfibres. In fermentation experiments with 30% (w/v) glucose solution, the immobilized cells showed a 1·3-fold increase in initial reaction velocity. For immobilized CCT 3174, the final ethanol yield was 26% higher than that with free cells. © 1998 Society of Chemical Industry     

Factors affecting silver biosorption by an industrial strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Factors affecting silver biosorption by Saccharomyces cerevisiae biomass, obtained as a waste product from industry, were examined. Maximum removal of silver from solution was achieved within 5 min. Increasing the concentration of biomass in experimental flasks from 1 to 8 mg cm⁻³ decreased both silver accumulation, from 224·7 to 89·5 μmol Ag g⁻¹ dry wt, and associated H⁺ ion release, from 109·4 to 31·7 μmol H⁺ g⁻¹ dry wt. The presence of 1·0 mol dm⁻³ cadmium or methionine decreased silver biosorption by 40% and 93% respectively. Boiling in 100 mmol dm⁻³ NaOH or 10 mmol dm⁻³ sodium dodecyl sulphate decreased silver biosorption by 54% and 25% respectively. A temperature increase from 4°C to 55°C decreased silver biosorption by 9%. The metabolic state of the yeast had no effect on silver biosorption. Decreasing the pH of the silver solution caused a reduction in metal removal by the biomass.     

啤酒酵母吸附去除水中Cd~(2+)的影响因素

生物吸附法是一种经济有效的处理大规模低浓度重金属废水的生物技术,其中啤酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)是具有实用潜力的生物吸附剂。本文研究了啤酒酵母对Cd2+吸附效果的主要影响因素,结果表明pH值对Cd2+会产生较大的影响,非固定化和固定化啤酒酵母对Cd2+吸附的最佳pH值都为4,过高和过低均不利于吸附的进行。水中常见的K+、Ca2+、Na+、Mg2+四种离子在低浓度时对Cd2+的吸附无显著影响,但当其浓度高于5mg/L时会影响吸附,其影响顺序为K+Na+Ca2+Mg2+;Zn2+、Fe2+、Cu2+、Pb2+对Cd2+的吸附效果影响顺序为Pb2+Zn2+Fe2+Cu2+;当Cu2+浓度≥50mg/L时,啤酒酵母对Cd2+不产生性吸附,而对Cu2+产生专性吸附。     

Biosorption of heavy metals by Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Effects of nutrient conditions

Studies took place to investigate the effects of different nutrient conditions on the biosorption ability and selectivity of heavy metals by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. After having grown in media supplemented with additional glucose, ammonium, phosphate or cysteine, the yeast was exposed to an equimolar solution of lead, cadmium, zinc and copper. Lead removal from a mixed solution was significantly higher than that of copper, followed by zinc and cadmium. Generally, yeasts from cysteine-rich media showed greatest sorption capacity whereas phosphate addition influenced zinc selectivity. In addition, glucose, fructose and sucrose as carbon sources were examined. Cultures grown in glucose had a better uptake than those cultivated with fructose at an incubation time of 30 min.     

浒苔对含铅废水的生物吸附研究

将浒苔作为生物吸附剂,研究浒苔与废水中Pb2+离子的吸附关系及影响因素。结果表明:浒苔对Pb2+离子有较强的吸附能力。当溶液的pH值为4.0,按照1.0 g/L的浒苔藻粉用量,吸附时间210 min时,处理浓度为40 mg/L的Pb2+溶液,就可使单位藻类的吸附效率达88.9%。     

化学修饰啤酒酵母菌对铀的吸附特性

以甲醛为交联剂, 将胱氨酸修饰到啤酒酵母菌(SC)上, 并采用海藻酸钠和明胶固定化, 得到一种新型的生物吸附剂--修饰啤酒酵母菌(MSC)。通过红外光谱(IR)分别表征了两种吸附剂的结构, 考察了其吸附铀的主要影响因素即溶液pH值、吸附时间等。结果表明: MSC细胞表面具有大量吸附铀的基团, MSC和SC吸附铀的最佳条件是: pH值为6.0, 相似文献   

Saccharomyces cerevisiae在加压和超临界CO2中的变化

引言 超临界萃取过程在制药、食品、中药和天然产物提取等领域有广泛的应用前景,其中二氧化碳是最常用的超临界溶剂[1-2].作为过程强化的一种手段,使用超临界流体在线萃取抑制性的发酵产物,可提高底物的转化率和产物的收率.然而,加压或超临界CO2对微生物存活率和代谢活性有副作用[3-4].     

酿酒酵母菌对重金属的生物吸附作用研究进展

结合最近的研究成果,总结了酿酒酵母菌作为生物吸附材料的优点、表现形式和吸附性能,重点讨论了酿酒酵母菌的生物吸附机理,提出今后的研究方向。     

Effect of different fermentation parameters on bioethanol production from corn meal hydrolyzates by free and immobilized cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. ellipsoideus

BACKGROUND: Bioethanol produced from renewable biomass, such as corn meal, is a biofuel that is both renewable and environmentally friendly. Significant scientific and technological investments will be needed to achieve substitution of conventional fossil fuels with alternative fuels. The ethanol fermentation of enzymatically obtained corn meal hydrolyzates by free and immobilized cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. ellipsoideus yeast in a batch system was studied. The initial glucose and inoculum concentration and the time required for the efficient ethanol production were optimized taking into account parameters such as ethanol concentration, ethanol yield, percentage of the theoretical yield of ethanol and volumetric productivity in both immobilized and free cell systems. RESULTS: The yeast cells were immobilized in Ca–alginate by an electrostatic droplet generation method. An optimal initial inoculum concentration of 2% (v/v) and optimal fermentation time of 38 h for both immobilized and free yeasts were determined. An optimal initial glucose concentration of 150 g L^?1 for free system was achieved. At the initial glucose concentration of 176 g L no substrate or product inhibition were achieved with immobilized yeast. CONCLUSION: By immobilization of the yeast into Ca–alginate using the method of electrostatic droplet generation a superior system was realized, which exhibited lower substrate inhibition and higher tolerance to ethanol. The cells of S. cerevisiae var. ellipsoideus yeast entrapped in Ca–alginate showed good physical and chemical stability, and no substrate and product diffusion restrictions were noticed. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry