棕榈酸/二氧化硅相变微胶囊的制备及性能研究

采用乳液模板自组装法通过界面缩聚制备了以棕榈酸（PA）相变材料为核、二氧化硅（SiO2）为壳的相变微胶囊,研究了不同核／壳质量比对PA/SiO2相变微胶囊的表面形貌、微观结构、相变储能性能、热稳定性和热循环性能的影响规律。结果表明:随着核／壳质量比增加,PA/SiO2相变微胶囊呈现更完整的核／壳结构和更均匀的球形外观,其最佳核／壳质量比为60:40;所形成的微胶囊的最高相变储热能力可达98.78%;研究显示,致密SiO2包覆层的形成能够有效阻止相变芯材融化后的泄露和流失,同时也提升了相变微胶囊的热稳定性能,该相变微胶囊在快速热冲击下仍保持良好的形态稳定性,并展示了良好的相变可逆性和相变耐久性,该相变微胶囊可广泛应用于工业及民用各领域的潜热储存和热管理。     

丙烯酸树脂一正十二烷醇相变微胶囊制备及性能表征

微胶囊化相变材料具有储能密度高、相变温度近似恒定、便于储存和输运等特点,在热能储存、输运和利用领域具有广泛的应用前景。本工作采用悬浮聚合法辅以超声辐照手段合成了以正十二烷醇为芯材、丙烯酸树脂为壳材的新型高相变潜热相变微胶囊(MEPCM)颗粒。用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅里叶红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、差式扫描量热仪(DSC)、热重分析仪(TGA)和激光粒度仪(LPSA)等设备对微胶囊性能进行了表征。结果表明,所制相变微胶囊呈较规则球体,粒径为638.14~1478.65 nm,中位径d50为933.91 nm。冷却过程中微胶囊芯呈两种不同的结晶过程,囊芯含量为43%,与设计值50%较接近,包覆率达86%,熔化相变潜热为93.31 kJ/kg;包覆后的相变材料融化温度为22.26℃,过冷度从4.61℃降至2.13℃。壳材不与芯材反应。MEPCM质量降低起始温度略高于纯正十二烷醇,封装可改善相变材料的热稳定性,该相变微胶囊具有良好的潜热储存能力和较快的温度变化响应速度。     

滞后低温相变储能微胶囊的制备和性能研究

本文采用三聚氰胺-尿素-甲醛树脂(MUF)为壳层,PCM为芯材,制备了一种新型的有机低温微胶囊化相变材料(MPCMs),并利用红外光谱、光学显微镜和粒度仪对微胶囊进行表征,同时采用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)和热失重仪(TGA)分别研究了相变材料(PCM)和PCM微胶囊的相变特性和热稳定性。结果表明:制备的PCM微胶囊大小均一、平均粒径为1μm左右、光滑的球形颗粒。随着芯壳比的增加,微胶囊的相变潜热逐渐增大,结晶温度逐渐降低,微胶囊化PCM的熔点与纯PCM的结晶温度最大差值达85.8℃,微胶囊化PCM呈现出优异的相变滞后性能和良好的热稳定性。     

基于聚多巴胺包覆的光热相变纳胶囊的制备及性能

以正十八烷（n-OD）为芯材，二氧化硅（SiO2）和聚多巴胺（PDA）为复合壁材，采用界面水解缩合法成功制备光热相变微胶囊n-OD@SiO2/PDA。采用FESEM、FETEM、FTIR、DSC、TG、UV-Vis-NIR和模拟光源等对所制备微胶囊的表面形貌、化学结构、热性能、光吸收性能和光热转换性能进行了分析和表征。在探究了不同芯材与硅源（正硅酸四乙酯）质量比对相变微胶囊储热性能影响的基础上，确定了以m(n-OD):m(TEOS)为2:1制备光热相变微胶囊。实验结果表明，所制备的光热相变微胶囊具有规整的表面形貌和明显的核壳结构，具有良好的耐热性能，复合壁材可以有效保护芯材。与相变微胶囊n-OD@SiO2相比，光热相变微胶囊仍具备良好的储热性能，其熔融热焓值为151.2 J/g，展现出较好的光热转换性能，其光热转换与存储效率为91.8%。     

PA@SiO_2相变储能微胶囊的制备及其热性能研究

以SiO_2为壳材,相变材料石蜡(PA)为芯材,采用界面水解缩聚法制备石蜡相变微胶囊(PA@SiO_2)。FT-IR和SEM测试结果表明,制备的石蜡相变微胶囊具有球形颗粒外观,且制备过程中除了正硅酸四乙酯(TEOS)的水解缩聚,没有发生其他化学反应;DSC及TGA对样品进行热性能测试,得出该微胶囊熔融温度和熔融热焓分别为53.64℃和67.19 kJ/kg,其热效率可达44.83%,且SiO_2的包覆提高了相变材料的热稳定性。此外,利用红外热成像仪观察石蜡与相变微胶囊的升降温过程发现,经无机壳材SiO_2包覆后,材料的升降温速率较石蜡相变材料明显提高,且微胶囊化对固-液相变材料具有很好的定形效果。制备的相变微胶囊具有较高的相变潜热,可在能量存储、蓄热调温及军事伪装等方面得到应用。     

用于自内冷溶液除湿的复配石蜡微胶囊的特性

以三聚氰胺?甲醛树脂为胶囊壁材、固液复配石蜡为胶囊芯材,采用原位聚合法制备了用于自内冷溶液除湿的相变材料微胶囊,研究了单一或不同类型乳化剂复配、乳化剂用量对相变材料微胶囊粒径、微观形貌及热性能的影响. 结果表明,非离子乳化剂NP-10与阴离子乳化剂SDBS复配所制微胶囊相变潜热较低,非离子乳化剂Span80和Tween80按质量比1:1复配、乳化剂占芯材质量的60%、乳化转速为1000 r/min时,所制微胶囊综合性能最佳,表面光滑致密,分散性良好,粒径均一,平均粒径为0.45 ?m,相变潜热为52.48 J/g,囊芯含量为58.44%,相变温度适用于以LiCl溶液为除湿剂的自内冷溶液除湿系统.     

石蜡微胶囊型相变储能材料制备及表征

采用原位聚合法以30#石蜡为芯材、密胺树脂（MF）为囊材,制备了具有相变储热功能的微胶囊,并将所制得微胶囊添加到石膏板中。采用SEM、FTIR、DSC和TG等手段对微胶囊外观形貌、化学结构和热性能进行了表征,并测试了石膏板储能性能。结果表明：制得微胶囊中石蜡平均含量约为50.4%,相变温度和相变潜热分别为30℃、108.7 J/g;微胶囊表面光滑有突起,粒径在10～20μm;具有较好的外观结构和良好的热稳定性,能增强石膏板的保温性能。     

红外隐身用相变微胶囊材料的制备

以丙烯酸为囊壁材料,石蜡为囊芯,采用原位聚合法制备了相变微胶囊材料。利用SEM和FTIR表征了所制备相变微胶囊的形貌和化学结构。相变微胶囊的DSC测试表明,相变温度在37℃左右,相变潜热在144J/g左右,达到了红外隐身所要求的较高热焓值,并将其填充在可控加热的金属板内,红外成像图显示具有明显的降温功能。     

纳米SiO_2改性脲醛树脂/十二醇相变微胶囊的制备及性能

利用原位聚合法制备了以纳米SiO_2改性脲醛树脂为壁材、十二醇为芯材的相变微胶囊。考察了芯壁质量比、固化终点pH和纳米SiO_2质量分数对微胶囊包封率和芯材质量分数、渗透率的影响,采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)和热重分析仪(TG)等分别对微胶囊相变材料的表面形貌、粒径和热性能进行了表征。研究结果表明,纳米SiO_2改性脲醛树脂/十二醇相变微胶囊的最佳制备条件为:芯壁质量比为1∶2、固化终点p H=1.5~2、纳米SiO_2质量分数为3%。制备的微胶囊为表面光滑的球形,粒径大小为1.85~5μm,包封率和芯材质量分数分别为62.5%和79.3%,相变潜热为148.4 J/g。     

相变储能调温内墙涂料的研制

以三聚氰胺-甲醛(MF)树脂为壁材,硬脂酸丁酯-正十四醇混合物为相变芯材制备了微胶囊相变材料,与一定比例的成膜物质混合制得相变储能调温内墙涂料。采用SEM、DSC、FT-IR等测试仪器分别对微胶囊形态、热性能、化学成分进行了表征;采用自制模型对影响涂料的储能调温效果的因素进行了分析。结果表明:所得微胶囊呈粒状、热稳定性好、相变潜热高;微胶囊的芯壁比为1.2∶1、涂层厚度为1.0 mm时,所制涂料储能调温效果最佳。     

采用悬浮聚合法批量制备相变储能材料微胶囊

采用悬浮聚合法,利用自己设计的相变材料微胶囊(Micro PCMs)批量制备的生产设备合成了以正十八烷为囊芯,以苯乙烯马来酸酐-甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物P(MMA-co-SMA)为囊壁的相变储能微胶囊,熔融热焓值最高可达到150.12 J/g,结晶热焓值可达151.05 J/g,并通过扫描电子显微镜,差示扫描量热仪等对其性能进行了分析。讨论了乳化速度和乳化时间对批量制备相变储能微胶囊的热焓值和产量的影响。     

Thermal stability of composite phase change material microcapsules incorporated with silver nano-particles

This paper reports a study on the thermal stability of phase change material microcapsules that are incorporated with silver nano-particles (Ag-NPs). The novel microcapsules were fabricated by the technique of in situ polymerization, with aminoplast as the wall and phase change material bromo-hexadecane (PCM BrC16) as the core. Thermal gravimetry (TG) analysis was applied to measure the thermal stability of these microcapsules and surface morphology of the microcapsules was observed by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) after an application of curing treatment at 130 °C. Comparing with conventional phase change material microcapsules (PCMMs), nano-composite phase change material microcapsules (NCPCMMs) have higher thermal stability. This can be attributed to nano-composite structure of the microcapsules, in which metal Ag-NPs distributed on the surface to increase wall toughness and strength. The possible reinforcement mechanisms of the nano-composite structure are explored.     

纳米SiO2改性石蜡相变微胶囊涂料的制备及性能表征

相变微胶囊在能源节约方面可以起到重要作用.以石蜡为芯材,三聚氰胺树脂为壳材,并使用纳米SiO2作为改性剂,采用原位聚合法制备相变微胶囊.研究了纳米SiO2用量对微胶囊性能的影响.通过差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)以及同步热分析仪(TGA)等对相变微胶囊的相变特性、表面形貌、热稳定性以及包裹率等进行了...     

石蜡@糊化面粉相变微胶囊及其在建材中的应用

采用吸附沉积法制备了以石蜡为芯材、糊化面粉为壁材的相变微胶囊,并使用红外光谱仪、扫描电子显微镜、热重分析仪和差示扫描量热仪对微胶囊的化学组成、形貌和热性能进行了研究。结果表明：相变微胶囊呈椭球形结构,粒径为400～600nm,其峰值相变温度、相变潜热值和包覆率分别为22.2℃、110.5J/g和66.7%,具有较好的化学稳定性和热稳定性。将相变微胶囊掺入石膏基体制备相变石膏建材,结果表明：相变石膏试块的力学强度随微胶囊含量的增加而下降,微胶囊以湿料方式添加有利于减少相变石膏试块力学强度的损失。在连续5个月的吸热-放热实验中,相变石膏建材未出现漏液和明显的热性能衰减;夏季午后,相变建筑模型内温较外界温度下降4.1℃,说明相变石膏建材具有一定的调控温度效果。     

Preparation and properties of phase‐change heat‐storage UV curable polyurethane acrylate coating

Phase‐change heat‐storage UV curable polyurethane acrylate (PUA) coating was prepared by applying microencapsulated phase change materials (microPCMs) to PUA coating. MicroPCMs containing paraffin core with melamine‐formaldehyde shell were synthesized by in situ polymerization. The effect of stirring speed, emulsification time, emulsifier amount, and core/shell mass ratio on particle size, morphology, and phase change properties of the microPCMs was studied by using laser particle size analyzer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopic analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. The results showed that the diameter of the microcapsules decreased with the increase of stirring speed, emulsification time, and emulsifier amount. When the mass ratio of emulsifier to paraffin is 6%, microcapsules fabricated with a core/shell ratio of 75/25 have a compact surface and a mean particle size of 30 μm. The sample made under the above conditions has a higher efficiency of microencapsulation than other samples and was applied to PUA coating. The dispersion of microPCMs in coating and heat‐storage properties of the coating were investigated. The results illustrated that the phase‐change heat‐storage UV curable PUA coating can store energy and insulate heat. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 41266.     

醇酸树脂微胶囊的制备及环氧涂层自修复性能

采用三聚氰胺-脲醛树脂（MUF）为壁材、合成的花椒籽油醇酸树脂为芯材,原位聚合法制备自修复微胶囊,探讨了微胶囊的制备工艺。并采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、红外光谱仪（FTIR）、热重分析仪（TGA）和粒径分析仪对微胶囊的表面形貌、化学结构、热稳定性及其粒径分布进行了测试表征。将醇酸树脂微胶囊分散到环氧基体中,研究了环氧涂层的力学性能和自修复性能。实验结果表明,当乳化剂浓度为2.0g/L、芯壁比为2∶1、终点pH为3.5时,微胶囊呈球形结构,无明显的缺陷和损伤,平均粒径为97.44μm,热稳定性良好。当添加质量分数5%的微胶囊时,与未添加微胶囊的自修复涂层相比,其弯曲强度、拉伸强度、黏结强度及其冲击强度分别提高了50.4%、50.0%、40.0%及25.2%,且涂层的自修复性能良好。     

Fabrication and thermal properties of microPCMs: Used melamine‐formaldehyde resin as shell material

An in‐situ polymerization process prepared a series of melamine formaldehyde (MF) microcapsules containing phase change material (PCM) as core material. The phase change temperature of this PCM was 24°C and its phase transition heat was 225.5 J/g. The microencapsulated phase change materials (MicroPCMs) were bedded in indoor‐wall materials to store and release heat energy, which would economize heat energy and make the in‐door condition comfortable. We investigated the structural formation mechanism by microscope and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The superficial morphology measurements indicated the optimal shell material dropping rate 0.5 mL min^?1, double‐shell, and temperature elevating speed 2°C/10 min. The results obtained in the present investigation were reasonably understood on the basis of getting determinate rigidity and compacted shell. Also, the observed results were used to control the mass of shell material to get desired thickness of shell. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2006