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1.
加V形导流槽的跑道式藻池CFD模拟   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
黄文  何开岩  钟水库  谢安  曾威  孙备 《化工进展》2013,32(8):1759-1764,1770
针对传统跑道池容易出现藻液分层和微藻培养密度低等不足,本文提出了一种具有同时增加表面积体积比和导流作用的透明V形导流槽,并采用CFD模拟了导流槽的V形倾斜角、藻液深度和进气速度对反应器内速度场分布的影响。结果表明:通过导流槽下表面的导流作用,气升混合所影响的范围被扩大到两侧池壁附近的流域,在竖直方向形成了比较均匀的上下层之间的流场循环。从而改善了藻液的混合以及光照条件,也增加了CO2在藻液中的停留时间。优化后的V形导流槽的倾斜率为0.1,藻液深度为0.3 m,进气速度为0.1 m/s。在优化条件下,速度场的分布比较均匀,平均速度适中,有利于防止微藻附壁生长和沉淀,能量消耗也相对较小。  相似文献   

2.
混合气制备甲醇是目前较为常用的工业生产甲醇方法,利用CFD软件模拟甲醇的固定床反应器,在Fluent中输入主副反应的动力学,得到模拟结果并针对该强放热反应提出设备换热上的优化方案,在提高甲醇产量的同时,保证反应器内部有较高的正向反应速率。  相似文献   

3.
利用计算流体力学(CFD)软件Fluent,以多重参考系法对发酵行业中的发酵罐搅拌流场进行整体数值模拟。基于标准的κ-ε紊流模型模拟了发酵罐内的流场分布,分析了垂直面和水平面上液相流的流场分布及规律,可为搅拌器的结构设计提供参考。  相似文献   

4.
利用Fluent软件对曝气膜生物反应器中气液两相流动进行模拟计算,探讨了进气气泡的直径、进气速度及膜纤维束的长度等因素对膜生物反应器内液体流动、气体分布的影响.结果表明,减小气泡的直径并适当增大进气速度、膜纤维束长度可以有效提高膜生物反应器内气体的分布和液体与气体的接触,从而促进气液两相进行高效的传质.  相似文献   

5.
工业级大型列管式固定床反应器壳程温度场与流场的均匀程度与反应的转化率及选择性密切相关。通过添加阻力源项和分散热源项,对工业级全尺寸错流列管式固定床壳程流场及温度场进行了CFD模拟研究,并进一步考察了折流板窗口区大小及其位置对壳程压降与温度分布的影响。结果表明,模拟得到壳程压降与由经验公式计算得到的压降较为接近,且壳程温度分布与工业实际数据吻合;增大窗口区面积,壳程压降呈现指数下降,同时高温差区(径向温差大于2 K)的范围与径向温差变大;随着第1块折流板位置降低,高温差区范围及径向温差均减小,但压降并不呈现规律性变化。模拟方法可用于工业级大型列管式固定床反应器的优化及设计。  相似文献   

6.
为了强化釜式氢化锂(LiH)合成反应器,采用计算流体力学(CFD)方法模拟了该坩埚反应器在静态操作、机械搅拌和气体鼓泡三种情况下的物质传递、化学反应和流体运动规律。模拟结果表明:自然对流对反应有较大的促进作用,其使LiH脱离反应界面,保证界面处"新鲜"金属Li与氢气的有效接触;另外,自然对流也促使反应器内物料良好混合;机械搅拌虽提高了反应物料的混合状况,但并不显著增加反应界面,过程强化程度有限;气体鼓泡可大幅度增加气液接触面积,反应时间大幅度缩减,是一种优选的LiH合成反应器构型。  相似文献   

7.
《化工进展》2017,36(12)
基于自主设计的同轴撞击流反应器;运用计算机流体力学(CFD)数值模拟技术对内管开孔进行了优化设计。首先通过单因素试验确定了反应液在内外管入口处的速度比例;在此基础上;分别以开孔排数N、内管轴向孔间距L、内管径向开孔个数n及开孔直径D为试验因素;设计正交试验。对每组试验进行数值模拟;以距入口顶端不同距离处微孔的速度均方根差为评价指标;得到内管开孔的优化设计方案为:反应器内管沿轴向均匀开设6排微孔;每排微孔间距为12mm;径向均匀开设5个微孔;孔径均为0.5mm。基于正交试验的优化结果;对模型进行重新定义并对其环形微通道反应区内的流场结构进行数值模拟分析;结果表明:开孔处产生的撞击束均有较高的速度梯度;并且反应液在环形微通道反应区内发生强烈撞击;并发生充分混合与反应;实现了内管开孔的最优化设计。  相似文献   

8.
生物搅拌反应器内混合情况的CFD模拟及在发酵中的应用   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
用计算流体力学(CFD)方法模拟了50 L生物反应器中不同的,搅拌桨组合对搅拌流场、混合时间的影响,并从流体力学角度对生物反应器搅拌桨组合进行了优化.将模拟优化结果用于重组大肠杆菌发酵过程,结果表明,优化后的搅拌桨组合可以改善发酵罐内部的流场和气体分布,能够明显降低获得相同溶氧所需的转速和最大通气量,而菌体生物量和产酶水平也略有提高.  相似文献   

9.
下行床反应器内催化裂化过程的CFD模拟   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2  
郑雨  魏飞  金涌 《化工学报》2003,54(8):1078-1086
耦合湍流气粒多相流模型和催化裂化集总动力学模型,建立了描述下行床内多相流动和催化裂化过程的反应器数学模型,并利用计算流体力学单元模拟软件CFX4.3对下行床内的催化裂化过程进行了数值模拟及分析.模型能预测出在工业应用中反应器内最受关注的诸多参数,如固含率、相间滑移速度、压降、气固相的加速区以及各组分浓度的分布情况.预测结果表明,气相反应的进行将导致反应器内的气粒流动行为发生较大变化,充分考虑反应与流动行为的耦合十分重要;而反应器床径的增大将导致转化率和各产物收率的下降.  相似文献   

10.
滴流床反应器是一种典型的气液固三相反应器,广泛应用于化学与石油加工工程。相间、相内传质以及催化剂表面相互作用、催化剂的有效润湿率、反应器流体力学、反应器模型等这些因素都影响着滴流床的反应性能。文章采用的滴流床反应器即是在固体催化颗粒床层内气液两相反应物自上而下流动(沿重力方向)的一类反应器。苯二酚是重要的精细化工中间体,用途非常广泛。我们采用CFD模拟了苯酚氧化生成苯二酚的反应。用网格划分粗细的影响及床层催化剂空隙率对流场的影响,计算为三维模拟计算。模拟了局部气含率、持液量,压力降,轴向速度分布及其径向分布速度等数据,探究了模拟方法,为进一步研究提供了参考依据。  相似文献   

11.
12.
    
The design, performance, and safety analysis of nuclear reactors, in particular boiling water reactors, requires information about the vapor–liquid flow dynamics. Such data are necessary for stand-alone analysis of the thermal hydraulics, as well as to serve as a database for validation of computational fluid dynamics models. Challenges in collecting such data are magnified in the context of flow boiling, which is known to be a complex, multi-scale problem. The present work focuses on investigating the two-phase flow dynamics of convective boiling flows on a test section equipped with different heater rods arrangements. Noninvasive radioactive particle tracking (RPT) has been used for measuring liquid velocity field, mean flow patterns, and turbulent kinetic energy of the liquid phase. A novel tracer particle reconstruction algorithm based on support vector regression has been applied in this study. This is the first application of RPT for measuring liquid velocity fields in convective boiling flows.  相似文献   

13.
    
We combine reduced order modeling and system identification to reconstruct the temporal evolution of large-scale vortical structures behind the blades of a Rushton impeller. We performed direct numerical simulations at Reynolds number 600 and employed proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) to extract the dominant modes and their temporal coefficients. We then applied the identification algorithm, N4SID, to construct an estimator that captures the relation between the velocity signals at sensor points (input) and the POD coefficients (output). We show that the first pair of modes can be very well reconstructed using the velocity time signal from even a single sensor point. A larger number of points improves accuracy and robustness and also leads to better reconstruction for the second pair of POD modes. Application of the estimator derived at Re = 600 to the flows at Re = 500 and 700 shows that it is robust with respect to changes in operating conditions.  相似文献   

14.
    
Stirred vessels are used to facilitate mixing processes across a wide range of industries. Their performance can often be predicted with certain characteristics of the agitator, like the dimensionless power and flow numbers. Since there exists a large number of agitator designs and geometries, it is desirable to be able to predict these characteristics using models rather than rely on previous experimental data. In this study, we use an angular momentum balance combined with computational fluid dynamics to correlate the power, flow, and mixer geometry across a wide range of down-pumping pitched blade turbine geometries. The models developed from the results allow us to predict the power from the flow (or vice versa) for the geometries investigated. We tested two methods for the measurement of the flow rate and found that the choice of measurement method can affect the relationship between the power, flow, and impeller geometry.  相似文献   

15.
Our previous analytical solution gives sag advancing implicitly as , or for , sag advances with the cube root of time for a thin wide rectangular Newtonian isothermal sheet. This previous analytical work applies to sheets that are pinned along just two edges, and not all the way around. Corresponding sagometer experimental results confirmed this cube root relation. This work compares the prediction with measured commercial thermoforming behavior on rectangular sheets that are, of course, pinned all the way around. Then sag parallel superposition is used to extend for a sheet pinned all the way around. We evaluate sag parallel superposition using a finite element method (FEM) employing ANSYS Polyflow. The equation assumes sagging sheet cylindricity, and from our FEM we find that this assumption is reliable when . We compare sag measured in commercial thermoforming, using high‐impact polystyrene (HIPS) sheets that are pinned all the way around, by extending with parallel superposition. It is found that the time evolution of the commercial sag follows nearly exactly the same shape as the isothermal prediction. We measure sag runaway, and although the isothermal analysis , predicts the sag runaway time accurately, our isothermal theory overpredicts the amount of sag in the nonisothermal commercial operation by as much as a factor of 14. It is also shown how to use sheet sag measurements from commercial thermoforming to deduce the Newtonian viscosity of a thermoforming resin at a temperature that is above its softening point. © 2013 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 60: 1529–1535, 2014  相似文献   

16.
稀土是不可再生的重要战略资源,在高新技术材料中具有不可替代的战略作用。混合澄清槽具有操作稳定性好、级效率高、结构简单、易放大等优点,是稀土分离工业中使用最为广泛的萃取设备。本文概述并分析了应用于混合澄清槽模拟的数值模型,结果表明Eulerian-Eulerian多相流模型、k-?湍流模型和多参考系模型因使用简便、精度可靠、对计算机性能要求不高而被当前的研究者们大量采用。此外,针对混合澄清槽抽吸性能、混合特性和澄清特性三大重要性能指标,分别总结了影响各性能的主要参数和调控方法,分析表明在抽吸性能和混合时间方面的研究较为成熟,在液滴聚并破碎数值研究、澄清方式和改进等方面的研究相对薄弱,构建高精度网格、采用更细致分析流场时空发展趋势的大涡模拟和引入种群平衡模型等方法将是下一步深入研究混合澄清槽的重要方向。  相似文献   

17.
流化床中颗粒速度的测量一直是个技术上的难点。今针对光纤测量信号提出一种基于互相关原理的时均速度计算方法。考虑到数据分段计算时其可靠性方面的差异,将互相关系数作为第二权重因子引入时均速度计算公式。利用PV6D光纤探针在200 mm直径流化床中测得的原始信号,对比了三种数据处理方法所得的颗粒时均速度,并分别计算其床层截面颗粒净流率,说明提出的方法可靠性更高。据此测量了流化床过渡段不同高度处颗粒时均速度的径向分布,并采用修正的三段曳力模型来描述具有团聚行为的颗粒曳力,进行计算流体力学模拟。测量与模拟结果均表明,从过渡段到稀相段,床中心区的颗粒速度先降低后升高,其径向分布也从陡峭变平缓,然后再次趋于陡峭。颗粒速度分布的上述规律主要由固含率与气速的径向分布共同作用所致。  相似文献   

18.
Most aerosols found naturally in the ambient environment or those dispersed from artificial devices such as dry powder inhalers, are electrically charged. It is known that a strong electrostatic charge on aerosols can result in transport behavior dramatically different from that of uncharged aerosols, even in the absence of an external electric field. In the present work, we study pneumatic transport of corona‐charged particles in bifurcated tubes. This is accomplished by tracking the motion of discrete particles numerically under the influence of drag, gravitational, and electrostatic forces. The model aerosol is fly ash powder, whose size and charge distributions have been determined experimentally. The electrical mobility of the charged particle cloud is modeled through coulombic interactions between discrete point charges. For the case of polydispersed particles electrically charged across a distribution, the deposition efficiency was found to be greater than what is indicated by the mean charge and size. In particular, use of negatively charged fly ash powder of mean size of 2 μm and mean charge of ?1.5 C/kg led to significant increase in deposition efficiency (~29%) compared with uncharged fly ash powder of the same size distribution (~8%). Analysis of particle residence times suggests significant interaction between electrical and drag forces. These findings could have implications for pneumatic powder conveying or pulmonary drug delivery applications. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2009  相似文献   

19.
在对气升式内环流生物反应器内部流动分析基础上,全面考虑反应器下降管中气泡的并聚破碎、气液两相间相互作用和滑移等, 建立了能描述反应器下降管中复杂流动的CFD数学模型. 运用CFX-4.4对模型方程进行求解, 通过求解得到了包括气液两相速度场、局部气含率分布等详尽信息,并就液相流动速度与相应条件下的PIV测试结果进行了比较,主体流动速度的偏差在20%以下,且两者总的变化趋势一致.该模型能较好地预测反应器下降管内的复杂流场.  相似文献   

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