共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 484 毫秒
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以大豆分离蛋白、高活性聚醚、聚合物多元醇、交联剂、发泡剂、泡沫稳定剂和混合异氰酸酯为原料,自由发泡、常温熟化制备了大豆蛋白基高回弹聚氨酯软泡。研究了大豆蛋白质(SPI)对聚氨酯泡沫物理性能、力学性能、孔结构和热性能的影响。结果表明:SPI添加量对泡沫物理和力学性能影响最大。随着SPI含量增加,泡沫的密度、尺寸稳定性提高,压陷硬度和舒适因子提高增大;回弹率下降,断裂伸长率减小,而拉伸强度先增大后减小。SPI能够提高聚氨酯的热稳定性,但最好低于150℃使用。 相似文献
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使用含氮结构型阻燃聚脲多元醇对阻燃高回弹聚氨酯泡沫的挥发性进行了研究.考察了配方中聚脲多元醇、催化剂、泡沫稳定剂、阻燃剂对泡沫挥发性的影响。研究结果表明,使用聚脲多元醇、反应型催化剂、低挥发性泡沫稳定剂生产的阻燃高回弹聚氨酯软泡较普通阻燃高回弹聚氨酯软泡具有较低的VOC(挥发性有机物)、甲醛释放量和雾化值。 相似文献
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以氯铂酸溶液为催化剂,将烯丙氧基聚氧乙烯醚(APEG)和聚甲基氢硅氧烷(PMHS)进行硅氢加成反应合成有机硅改性聚醚(Si-APEG),并以其作为耐低温剂,制备耐低温慢回弹聚氨酯(PU)海绵。研究了Si-APEG添加量对海绵表观芯密度、开孔率、拉伸性能、硬度、回弹性能以及温湿度敏感指数的影响。结果表明,当Si-APEG添加量为10份时海绵的泡孔结构较理想,综合力学性能最优,回弹性能最低,同时其温湿度敏感指数低至1.01,硬度在-10℃低温下仍可低至53度,因此该添加量下海绵的综合性能最优。 相似文献
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聚氨酯弹性体的紫外线稳定性 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:7
指出影响聚氨酯(PU)弹性体紫外线稳定性的主要因素有软段(聚酯、聚醚)、二异氰酸酯、硬段质量分数及照射时间、样品厚度,同时讨论了这些因素对紫外线照射后的PU弹性体某些力学性能的影响,添加紫外线吸收剂和炭黑可改善PU弹性体紫外线稳定性。 相似文献
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用含磷氮元素的结构型阻燃聚醚多元醇制备硬质聚氨酯泡沫,考察了结构型阻燃聚醚的用量对泡沫物理性能和阻燃性能的影响。结果表明结构型阻燃聚醚加入使泡沫的压缩强度、尺寸稳定性和氧指数均有明显的提高;当结构型阻燃聚醚的质量占聚醚用量的30%,添加适量的混合阻燃剂时,其氧指数达32%以上;此外,在同一阻燃要求下结构型阻燃泡沫制品的阻燃剂添加量明显减少,但泡沫的各项性能得到显著提高。 相似文献
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对精制后的碱木质素进行羟甲基化改性,再利用改性后的羟甲基化碱木质素部分替代聚醚多元醇,采用一步发泡法与聚合MDI制备了羟甲基化木质素基聚氨酯泡沫材料。将次磷酸铝(AHP)作为阻燃剂添加到泡沫中制备了阻燃碱木质素聚氨酯泡沫,通过极限氧指数(LOI)测试分析了羟甲基化木质素基阻燃聚氨酯泡沫的阻燃性能。利用热重分析(TG)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分别研究制得泡沫的热降解行为、成炭性能和残炭形貌。实验结果表明,当羟甲基化碱木质素替代聚醚多元醇的量为60%,次磷酸铝的添加量为30%时,碱木质素聚氨酯泡沫材料的极限氧指数(LOI)值达到了27.5%。因此,羟甲基化碱木质素和次磷酸铝使泡沫在燃烧时能更好的形成炭层,从而有效地隔绝空气,降低热传递,提高了材料的阻燃性能。 相似文献
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以氢氧化铝、三聚氰胺和聚磷酸铵为阻燃剂制备了阻燃聚氨酯硬质泡沫,研究了添加氢氧化铝前后阻燃剂用量对聚氨酯(PU)硬泡的阻燃性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明,铝/磷/氮复配阻燃体系的阻燃效果优于磷/氮阻燃体系,阻燃剂总添加量达30份时,PU硬泡同时具备较好的阻燃性能和力学性能,氧指数为32,烟密度为74,平均燃烧时间为31 s,其压缩强度和拉伸强度分别为6.52 MPa和6.16 MPa。 相似文献
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The low-flame retardancy properties of pure rigid polyurethane (PU) foams hindered its practical application in many cases for the safety and environmental concern. Although rigid PU foams with flame retardants can achieve standard of fire resistance, addition of flame retardants in PU can worsen its mechanical properties, enlarge production cost, and induce safety problems. Therefore, green reactive flame-retardant polyether polyols (GPP) have been considered as one of the best solutions. In this work, the GPP by the ring-opening polymerization of the self-made environmentally friendly melamine resin (EFMR) with propylene oxide are synthesized with their hydroxyl number of 390 ~ 420 mg KOH/g, and the structure of GPP product was identified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance. The flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs) were successfully prepared with GPP as the polyol, the results showed that the addition of GPP can greatly improve the thermal stability and flame retardancy of the RPUFs prepared. The RPUF were prepared by fully GPP with 30.4% of limiting oxygen index and 350 kpa of compressive strength. These properties are qualified for commercial utilization. Therefore, this GPP provides great prospect in the development of specified flame-retardant PU materials. 相似文献
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采用聚醚多元醇和阻燃聚合物多元醇为主要原料,制备了低密度及阻燃低密度高回弹聚氨酯泡沫,讨论了低密度高回弹聚氨酯泡沫性能及阻燃聚合物多元醇TM-300用量对聚氨酯泡沫性能的影响。结果表明,低密度高回弹泡沫密度可低至35kg/m3,性能与一般密度聚氨酯泡沫相当。随着TM-300用量增加,阻燃低密度高回弹聚氨酯泡沫的硬度和拉伸强度增加,撕裂强度和伸长率下降;TM-300可有效提高聚氨酯泡沫的阻燃性能,氧指数可达到32,各项性能均较优异。 相似文献
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A novel bio-based P-N containing intumescent flame retardant melamine starch phytate (PSTM) was prepared via the reaction of phytic acid starch ester with melamine and characterized by Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The effects of PSTM on thermal properties and flammability of rigid polyurethane (PU) foams were analyzed by TGA, limit oxygen index (LOI), vertical burning tests (UL-94) and cone calorimeter measurement. The TGA results demonstrated that the thermal stabilities of PU/PSTM foam at high temperature was enhanced with the increasing additive amount of PSTM. The results showed that PU foam with 30 php PSTM (PU/PSTM-30%) observed an LOI value of 25.9 and a UL-94 rating of V-0. Cone calorimetry data showed that peak heat release rate, total heat release and smoke production rate of PU/PSTM-30% were distinctly lower than that of pure PU. Further experimental results demonstrated that PSTM promotes well charring of PU which could protect the foam from combustion. This work developed a novel bio-based intumescent flame retardant by suing phytic acid and starch as the acid source and carbon source, respectively, which is of great significance to the preparation of environmental-friendly flame retardants. 相似文献