粉煤石改善石灰石硅酸盐水泥耐硫酸盐侵蚀的机理

探讨了石灰石硅酸盐水泥在低温和一定浓度MgSO4 溶液中的侵蚀过程。采用粉煤灰部分替代石灰石微粉或水泥来阻止侵蚀反应或延缓反应速度 ,并提高石灰石硅酸盐水泥的强度。对净浆试样定期目测观察 ,并用XRD物相鉴定方法对某些样品进行物相鉴定 ,证实侵蚀物质为水化碳硫硅酸钙 ,同时证实Ca(OH ) 2 参与了侵蚀反应 ,进一步明确了粉煤灰改善石灰石硅酸盐水泥耐硫酸盐溶液侵蚀的机理     

煤矸石改善石灰石硅酸盐水泥耐蚀性的研究

本文研究了在不同浓度的MgSO4溶液和较低环境温度下石灰石硅酸盐水泥的受侵过程。采用煤矸石部分替代石灰石微粉。对净浆试样进行目测观察表明:煤矸石-石灰石复合可阻止侵蚀反应或延缓反应速度;胶砂强度实验证实煤矸石部分替代石灰石能提高石灰石硅酸盐水泥的强度。本文通过对MgSO4浸泡试样剥落物的物相鉴定,表明侵蚀物质为水化碳硫硅酸钙,同时证实Ca(OH)2参与了侵蚀反应,故进一步明确了煤矸石改善石灰石硅酸盐水泥耐硫酸盐溶液侵蚀的机理。     

矿渣微粉对水泥净浆性能及氯离子固化作用的影响

为解决钢筋混凝土氯离子侵蚀难题，研究了不同掺量矿渣微粉对水泥净浆工作性能、力学性能和氯离子固化性能的影响，并通过物相分析、热重分析、孔结构分布和热力学模拟等方法对氯离子固化机理进行表征分析。结果表明：矿渣微粉能够改善水泥基材料的工作性能，有效提升水泥净浆后期抗压强度和氯离子固化能力，掺量为30%(质量分数)时综合性能最佳；矿渣微粉能够化学结合氯离子，促进体系生成Friedel盐和Kuzel盐，并且能够发生火山灰效应提升C-S-H凝胶含量，细化硬化浆体孔隙结构，提升密实度；水泥净浆氯离子固化能力受氯离子化学结合、物理吸附和阻迁能力共同作用，随着矿渣微粉掺量增加，水泥净浆氯离子化学结合和物理吸附能力逐渐增强，而阻迁能力存在最优掺量。本研究为矿渣微粉水泥基材料在远海岛礁工程建设中的应用提供技术支持和理论支撑。     

应用超微粉技术生产高标号水泥

应用超微粉生产技术制备平均粒度为３～９μｍ左右的超细矿渣和石灰石微粉。在４２５＃普通硅酸盐水泥中掺入适量矿渣超微粉或两种超微粉可将水泥标号提高到５２５＃,以满足市场对高标号水泥的需求。对超微粉的增强机理作了探讨。     

微细石灰石颗粒对水泥性能的影响研究

提高水泥堆积密度可以减少水泥需水量,改善水泥施工性能,提高物理力学和耐久性能。按照Fuller和Andreasen紧密堆积曲线衡量,我国水泥粒径分布中≤3μm颗粒含量明显偏低。石灰石易磨性好,硬度适中,材料来源广且便宜,是增加水泥中≤3μm颗粒含量的理想材料。本研究将石灰石与矿渣共同粉磨,所得的矿渣粉中含大量≤3μm的石灰石微粉。用这些矿渣粉配得的水泥流动性提高,3天抗折、抗压强度提高,石灰石微粉改善水泥性能效果显著。     

含白云石微粉水泥砂浆的抗硫酸盐侵蚀性能

为评估白云石微粉对水泥抗硫酸盐侵蚀性能的影响,以石灰石微粉为参照,研究了白云石微粉掺量(质量分数)分别为10%、20%、30%时,水泥砂浆在质量浓度为5%硫酸钠溶液中的变形和强度发展规律,并讨论了基于抗蚀系数的含碳酸盐岩微粉水泥抗硫酸盐侵蚀性能评价方法。结果表明:砂浆试体在Na_2SO_4溶液中的变形过程可分为稳定期、缓慢膨胀期和加速膨胀期3个阶段。除掺10%白云石微粉试体外,其余含碳酸盐岩微粉砂浆的膨胀率均大于空白样(PC)。与掺石灰石微粉试体相比,含白云石微粉试体起始膨胀的龄期滞后,同期膨胀小,且两者膨胀差异随龄期延长和掺量增加呈增大趋势。无论在水中还是在Na_2SO_4溶液中,掺碳酸盐岩微粉砂浆抗压和抗折强度发展趋势均与PC类似,但强度均降低,且掺量越大,强度降幅越大。与在水中养护时强度持续缓慢增长不同,掺碳酸盐岩微粉砂浆强度在Na_2SO_4溶液中经历先快速增长至峰值,而后降低的过程。与含石灰石微粉试体相比,含白云石微粉砂浆强度达到峰值的龄期滞后且后期强度高。标准规定的28 d抗蚀系数K_(28)不能确切反映含碳酸盐岩微粉水泥抗硫酸盐侵蚀性能。采用试体起始膨胀或强度达峰值龄期的抗蚀系数可提高判定结果的准确性和可靠性。     

不同物料对水泥颗粒分布及水泥性能的影响

模拟水泥生产实际,对不同组分单掺、双掺和复掺情况下混合粉磨对水泥颗粒分布及水泥性能的影响进行了试验研究。结果表明:(1)粉煤灰、石灰石部分替代矿渣后能够显著降低水泥的特征粒径和均匀性系数,促进水泥的整体粒度下降;(2)粉煤灰不能显著增加水泥中微粉含量,而石灰石可以显著增加水泥中微粉含量;(3)混合材料的复掺对于改善水泥颗粒分布的效果优于单掺或双掺。另外,不同物料混合粉磨对水泥性能的影响主要是由于水泥颗粒分布的拓宽、水泥中微粉含量的增加,提高了水泥颗粒的堆积密度造成。     

开路高细磨生产矿渣微粉经验探讨

矿渣微粉的用途：一是与高标号水泥混合生产矿渣水泥；二是取代部分水泥作混凝土活化剂。目前，由于其成本低、品质好，用于路面及各种大型建筑工程得到好评与关注。所以矿渣微粉作为水泥或混凝土的掺合料应用广泛。矿渣微粉的制备工艺多数以闭路系统居多，另外采用立式磨也是较先进的工艺系统。而我们在使用高细磨开路生产中总结了生产矿渣微粉的经验，以供参考。     

粉煤灰和矿渣微粉在水泥基材料中的复合效应研究

通过测定不同龄期的水泥净浆、砂浆和混凝土的力学强度以及水泥净浆的抗模拟酸雨侵蚀性能，探讨了在矿物掺合料总量为胶凝材料总量的40％时，单掺粉煤灰、单掺矿渣微粉以及粉煤灰与矿渣微粉双掺对水泥基材料性能的影响。试验结果表明：在本试验条件下，与基准试件相比，矿物掺合料的掺入可以显著改善水泥基材料的工作性能，但是在一定程度上会导致其力学性能的降低；同时双掺可以发挥出明显的“叠加效应”，但是“超叠加效应”不显著.     

矿渣微粉取代水泥配制混凝土的尝试

许多研究结果表明，磨细矿渣粉取代水泥可以改善混凝土的和易性，提高混凝土的耐久性，特别对提高混凝土的耐腐蚀性效果较好。国内关于矿粉配混凝土的研究多用普通水泥或硅酸盐水泥做试验。本文拟定分别用矿渣水泥和普通水泥掺加矿渣微粉配制混凝土以进行对比试验，寻找不同掺量下矿渣微粉对混凝土性能的影响。     

钢渣粉做水泥掺合料的研究与探讨

研究了武钢钢渣粉作为水泥掺合料用于普通硅酸盐水泥、复合硅酸盐水泥和钢渣矿渣水泥的应用情况,提出了最适宜掺量以及有关配方.研究了钢渣粉掺量对水泥安定性和水化热的影响,并探讨了钢渣活性,为武钢磨细钢渣粉在水泥生产中的应用提供了技术依据.     

碳化过程中大水灰比水泥浆体孔结构的变化(英文)

使用特殊的增黏剂与聚羧酸减水剂,制备了掺加石灰石粉、高炉矿渣、硅灰等混合材的普通波特兰水泥浆体和和低热硅酸盐水泥浆体(水粉比为1.0)。这些水泥浆体在20℃的水中养护4年后基本完全水化。这些硬化水泥浆体在5%(质量分数)CO2、相对湿度66%和温度20℃条件下进行碳化,对比研究碳化前后水泥浆体孔结构的变化。结果显示:碳化浆体内孔直径大于10nm的孔体积明显减少;碳化浆体的孔径分布向大孔径范围偏移;掺加混合材的硬化水泥浆体结构明显趋于松散;与不掺加任何混合材的水泥浆体相比,掺加混合材的水泥浆体的孔径更大。     

Effects of slag content,fineness and additive to cement pastes on the corrosion behaviour of embedded reinforcing steel

Previous studies proved that the slag content of the blast furnace slag-Portland cement mix could be increased, while retaining the engineering properties of the produced slag cement pastes within the normal range and increasing the fineness of the mix. The corrosion behaviour of reinforcing steel embedded in the cement pastes giving the optimum mechanical properties was studied using the galvanostatic polarisation technique. The most corrosion-resistant mix has been determined. The effect of adding CaCl₂ to a paste of this mix on the corrosion behaviour of embedded reinforcing steel has been investigated. For the purpose of comparison, anodic polarisation tests were carried out using pastes having the composition of the most corrosion-resistant mix but at the Blaine area of the ordinary slag cement. Portland and normal slag cements were also tested. The threshold concentration of CaCl₂, below which breakdown of steel passivity did not occur, has been determined. The results of this study might have practical implications in the field.     

Effect of Carbonation on Alkali-Activated Slag Paste

Carbonation on waterglass- and NaOH-activated slag pastes was analyzed and compared with carbonation in Portland cement pastes to determine possible differences. Thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA), Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance were used to determine the effects on the main reaction products. According to the TG/DTA results, carbonate precipitation following carbonation is much more intense in Portland cement pastes than in alkali-activated slag pastes. This may be attributed to the fact that in Portland cement paste both the portlandite and the C–S–H gel can be carbonated, whereas in alkali-activated slag pastes, only the C–S–H gel is carbonated directly. In both systems, carbonation leads to the formation of CaCO₃, Si-rich C–S–H gel, silica gel, and alumina. The carbonation of waterglass-activated slag pastes is not altered by the presence of either of the organic additives used in the study.     

Portland cement clinker, granulated slag and by-pass cement dust composites

Three blends of slag cement were prepared, namely 70/30, 50/50 and 30/70 mass% of Portland cement clinker and granulated slag, respectively. Each blend was mixed with 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 mass% by-pass cement dust. The physical properties of cement pastes were studied, including setting times, electrical conductivity and fluidity. The results indicated that the rheological properties of Portland cement clinker were enhanced by partial replacement by granulated slag. By-pass cement dust affects the rheological properties of Portland cement clinker/granulated slag composites and depends on its amount as well as mix composition. The increase in the amount of by-pass cement dust increases the required water of normal consistency. The setting time of Portland slag cement paste was extended with the increase in slag content. The addition of 2.5 mass% by-pass cement dust to M.1 (70 mass% Portland cement clinker/30 mass% granulated slag) and M.2 (50 mass% Portland cement clinker/50 mass% granulated slag) retards the initial and final setting time, whereas it accelerates the final setting time of M.3 (30 mass% Portland cement clinker/70 mass% granulated slag). The presence of by-pass cement dust affects the location and height of the conductivity peaks. By increasing the by-pass cement dust from 2.5 to 7.5 mass%, the conductivity maximum increases. With further addition (10.0 mass%), the height of the conductivity maximum decreases.     

石膏掺量对高阿利特水泥防腐抗渗性能的影响研究

研究了石膏掺量对高阿利特水泥抗海水侵蚀和抗渗性能的影响,并与普通水泥进行了比较。利用XRD、SEM—EDS等测试方法对水泥水化产物的物相组成和形貌进行分析、观察;用压汞法对水泥硬化浆体的孔结构进行了分析。结果表明,石膏掺量对高阿利特水泥硬化浆体的致密性有较大影响,进而影响水泥砂浆的抗海水侵蚀性能,石膏的适宜掺量为5％,在此掺量下高阿利特水泥的抗蚀系数达1．01,而普通水泥的抗蚀系数仅为0．87,高阿利特水泥的有害孔较少,总孔隙率较低,抗渗性能得到较大改善。     

粉煤灰矿渣复合水泥强度协同效应的研究

研究了由粉煤灰、矿渣、钢渣与一定量熟料组成的粉煤灰矿渣复合水泥中各组分对水泥的强度协同效应以及影响协同效应的主要因素。并利用SEM和MIP等技术研究了粉煤灰矿渣复合水泥的水化硬化过程、水化产物相组成及硬化浆体结构,以此来论证各组分间协同效应的作用机理。研究结果表明:当各组分比例适当时,通过石膏和添加剂的有效作用,采取合理的粉磨工艺和制度,粉煤灰矿渣复合水泥各组分可以产生强度协同效应。     

Hardened Portland blast-furnace slag cement pastes II. The corrosion behavior of steel reinforcement

The corrosion behavior of reinforcing steel embedded in various slag cement pastes was studied using the galvanostatic polarization technique. The corrosion resistance is appreciably affected by the degree of fineness of the dry slag cement. In pastes produced from high Blaine area cement, the behavior of embedded steel was very close to that in normal or type I portland cement paste, and is much better than a low Blaine area cement. W/C ratios of 0.25 and 0.40 provided a better passivating medium as compared with W/C ratios of 0.18 and 0.70. Effects of lime or gypsum addition were also investigated and comparatively studied for their action on the corrosion of embedded steel. The results obtained were supported by corrosion rates obtained using the linear polarization technique.     

海工高性能混凝土用复合胶凝材料的试验研究

在调查分析海工混凝土工程实例的基础上，试验研究了硅酸盐水泥中掺入矿粉、粉煤灰、硅灰等混合材料对海工混凝土性能的影响。研究结果表明，在硅酸盐水泥中掺加矿粉、粉煤灰、硅灰等混合材料可以改善海工混凝土的综合性能。矿物混合材料的复合掺入比单独掺入能更好地改善混凝土抗Cl^-侵蚀性能。海工专用复合胶凝材料生产时宜尽可能地采用多种混合材料。