宽频带的微带等角螺旋天线设计

为了实现宽频带天线指定方向的高性能辐射,设计了一种宽频带的微带等角螺旋天线。为实现阻抗匹配,天线馈电部分设计了一种指数渐变式微带巴伦结构。经过实物测试参数,结果表明加入了指数渐变巴伦结构后天线实现了良好的阻抗匹配并具有良好的宽频带特性,其工作带宽为1.74～4.82 GHz,回波损耗最低达- 30 dB。同时设计了一个平底型金属反射腔用于反射背向电磁波,在保持宽频带工作特性的同时,使天线具有了良好的单向辐射特性,天线在整个工作频段内的增益均大于6 dB,与传统的螺旋天线相比,具有宽频、定向、高增益的特点,具有一定应用前景。     

宽带锥形缝隙微带天线的研究与设计

根据微波暗室中天线近场测量系统的需要,基于槽线及微带线理论,对宽带锥形缝隙微带天线的阻抗特性进行了研究,设计了一副频率范围为1～2.8 GHz的宽带锥形缝隙微带天线,并利用高频结构仿真软件HFSS对所设计天线的的几何结构进行了优化,计算了天线的驻波比,方向图等重要的电性能参数。仿真结果表明该天线在整个工作频段内增益高,方向性好,阻抗带宽达95%,完全具备宽带天线的特性。加工成型后可用在宽频带测量系统中作为标准的接收天线。     

A novel broadband and high-gain microstrip reflectarray antenna with variable polarization

This article proposes a new kind of microstrip reflectarray antenna, of which the polarization could be reconfigured among all the polarization states instead of some fixed states in a dual-or multi-polarized antenna. The mechanism for polarized variability is so simple that only mechanical rotation is needed. Theoretical analysis shows that the reflected polarization covers all states and that the dual-or multi-layered unit structure sandwiched with air-gaps can broaden the bandwidth efficiently. Moreover, it is demonstrated that adopting more elements can enhance antenna gain. With these advantageous features, this kind of antenna has the potential significance for engineering applications in radar, communication, etc. In this article, a complete theoretical analysis as well as a specific design sample is given to verify this method. __________ Translated from Chinese Journal of Radio Science, 2006, 21(6): 820–824 [译自:电波科学学报]     

宽带聚焦波束形成算法优化

通过聚焦的方法实现宽带信号的波束形成,可以得到更好的波束形成效果,而且运算量较小,精度更高。在聚焦过程中,聚焦矩阵和聚焦频率选择的偏差会直接影响宽带聚焦波束形成效果,严重时聚焦算法还可能失效,达不到宽带聚焦的目的。利用稳健Capon波束形成算法(RCB)算法对聚焦矩阵进行修正,使宽带信号通过修正的聚焦矩阵全部聚焦在最佳聚焦频率上,最后再对窄带数据利用二阶锥方法实现波束形成。仿真结果表明该算法得到的宽带聚焦波束旁瓣级更低、主瓣更窄。     

Modeling and optimization of radiation characteristics of triangular superconducting microstrip antenna array

This paper presents a mathematical model of array of equilateral triangular superconducting microstrips implanted in multilayered substrates. The full-wave method is used to calculate the radiation characteristics of equilateral triangular microstrip antennas. In this method, the electric field integral equation for a current element on a grounded dielectric slab of infinite extent is developed by basis functions. An improved analytical model is presented taking into account anisotropic substrates, superconducting material for the triangular patch and multilayered structure. The swarm particle optimization is used to determine an optimum set of excitation and position of the antenna element that provides a radiation pattern with maximal side lobe level reduction. The computed data are found to be in good agreement with results obtained using other methods.     

S型缝隙毫米波微带天线

提出了一种加载S型缝隙的方形切角毫米波微带天线。该天线的辐射贴片采用方形切角,在贴片中央进行非对称S型缝隙开槽,实现了双频点圆极化。在接地板上进行阶跃型缝隙开槽,改变了微带天线的辐射特性及阻抗特性。同时采用加载调谐支节的耦合馈电方式,实现了微带贴片天线频带的展宽。     

表面开槽的宽带遥测微带天线设计

微带天线由于体积小、易共形、适用于金属环境等优点而被广泛地应用于旋转件遥测系统中。针对传统微带遥测天线带宽较窄的问题,本文提出了一种通过在天线贴片和地板上开槽来扩展带宽的设计方法,并进行了仿真和测试验证,二者结果吻合良好。高频电磁结构仿真软件HFSS的仿真结果表明,通过在适当位置开槽,可使得天线的相对阻抗带宽(S11<-10dB)达到5.6%(2.409~2.545GHz),基本覆盖ISM频段,最高增益可达4dBi。测试结果表明其相对阻抗带宽为6%(2.41~2.56GHz),在收发天线间距10毫米的情况下,传输系数S21达到-22dB,可以满足遥测系统的需求。     

Ka波段低剖面宽频带平板缝隙天线研究

针对传统平板缝隙天线带宽窄,以及常用宽带平板缝隙天线腔体分层数多,剖面高的缺点,设计了一种新型低剖面宽带平板缝隙天线。该设计对传统方案的辐射单元与馈电网络均进行了改进,增加了缝隙间距的同时,通过合理增加调配块达到宽带良好匹配的效果。缝隙间距的增大,使馈电网络同层化设计得以实现,从而降减少了天线分层数,降低了天线剖面。本文对新型平板天线进行了HFSS仿真优化,仿真结果表明,该新型平板缝隙天线相对带宽可达到15%、分层只有2层,具有宽频带、分层少、剖面低的优点,该新型平板缝隙天线可以作为未来平板缝隙天线主要方案。     

一种新型圆极化宽带喇叭天线

介绍了一种新型的椭圆极化的加脊宽带喇叭天线.根据天线的性能要求,馈电端口采用了矩一圆转换器,采用圆波导内置介质片实现了辐射电场的圆极化,采用扼流环抑制旁瓣.使用Ansoft公司的HFSS软件仿真了该天线,调整各部分的结构尺寸,使得在7～17 GHz的工作频带范围之内,天线的方向图满足要求,具有比较宽的半功率波瓣宽度,输入端阻抗匹配,驻波比达到最小,具有很高的承受功率.与实际的测量数据相对比,结果基本吻合.     

一种大带宽高增益微带天线的研究与设计

普通微带天线带宽很窄,大多数扩展其带宽的方法是以牺牲天线增益为代价的.本文提出了一种新型大带宽、高增益微带天线结构.该天线采用厚的空气介质层,通过与贴片相连的斜置金属带进行馈电.此外,还采用了U形接地板来提高天线的增益.利用HFSS仿真软件计算和分析,探讨了各结构参数的变化对天线性能的影响,给出了详细的设计过程.仿真结果表明,该天线在驻波比小于2 时的相对带宽可达75.5%,在整个频带内的平均增益为7.31 dBi,而且,方向图和增益随频率变化较平稳.     

一种相位中心稳定的微带天线设计

文中介绍了一种相位中心稳定的微带天线,采用多点均匀馈电设计,通过均匀对称馈电来改善相位方向图的周向对称性,使用有限积分法仿真分析的结果显示此种结构微带天线能达到相位中心离散度小于1mm。     

Enhancement of microstrip antenna directivity using double-superstrate configurations

In this paper, the directivity of microstrip patch antennas with double-layer superstrate is investigated. Two dielectric superstrate layers, each a quarter wavelength in thickness and separated by an air gap, are introduced above the microstrip patch, separated by another air gap. The parameters of these layers are used as key controllers of the directivity enhancement. Numerical results indicate that the directivity increases significantly even with moderate superstrate dielectric constants when the double-superstrate configuration (DSC) is used. To demonstrate how the layers affect the directivity, an infinite dielectric model is first used. Then the effect of the superstrate transverse dimensions is studied by means of a finite dielectric model. The directivity variations with respect to frequency are compared for different superstrate surface areas. This work leads to the conclusion that modification of the superstrate transverse dimensions can optimize both directivity and bandwidth. The experimental investigations of DSC are also provided to support the simulation results.     

一种新型双频微带天线的设计与仿真

本文研究了一种新型结构的可同时工作在S/X波段的双频微带贴片天线.该天线的S波段单元和X波段单元印制在同一层介质基板上,S波段单元是一在边长40 mm方形贴片内对称开出4个边长12 mm方形槽的"田"字形贴片天线,4个边长为8 mm的方形贴片对应布置于"田"字形贴片槽内.这种结构可以实现天线的孔径复用,有利于减小天线的尺寸重量,便于设计制造.最后借助Ansoft 公司的Designer仿真软件对此天线进行仿真计算,讨论了两种情况下天线的辐射特性.     

Design of a log-periodic aperture-fed microstrip antenna array

The narrow bandwidth of a microstrip antenna is one of the important features that restricts its wide usage, although it possesses many advantages such as low profile, light weight, etc. Various techniques have been used to enhance the bandwidth of this kind of antenna. This paper presents a planar microstrip array designed by the log-periodic technique for wideband operation in the frequency range of 1.7-5.5 GHz. The elements of the array are orthogonal patches, aperture coupled fed by a microstrip line. The far-field pattern of the array, for a number of frequencies in the above range, has been computed by a simulation procedure.     

高隔离度双极化微带天线阵的设计

本文介绍了一种新型高隔离度2×2双极化微带天线阵的设计。该天线阵列采用多层贴片,H型缝隙耦合结构,馈网设计中应用错位倒相技术,获得了较高的性能。利用微波仿真软件HFSS进行仿真,结果表明天线2个端口的驻波比小于2的相对带宽均达到12.5%;在工作频带内其双端口隔离度S21高于48dB;并且2个极化端口在其对应主平面方向的交叉极化电平均低于-38dB。此天线可作为新一代多极化SAR系统天线的子阵。     

L波段多频微带天线设计

为了实现在L波段激励起多个谐振点,并利用各个谐振点尖锐的选择性以提高系统的抗干扰性,采用在圆形辐射贴片上开圆环形缝隙,同时加载2个短路片的设计方法,设计一款工作于L波段的多频微带天线.通过3维电磁仿真工具HFSS进行实验,其结果表明:当两个短路片的夹角为90°正交,而且馈电点距离圆心的距离为25 mm时,天线产生3个谐振频点:1.3、1.53、1.67 GHz;低频点与高频点的频差可达370 MHz.这种多频点天线适合于跳频与多频通信系统,而且其高度只有1 mm,符合平面化应用的需求.     

Concurrent large signal simulation of an active microstrip antenna

This paper details the use of a circuit-based EM modelling technique combined with a harmonic balance simulator used to model the radiation from the microstrip bodies comprising an active antenna circuit. The modelling approach adopted for the planar bodies in the circuit will be shown to allow the use of concurrent algorithms in order to reduce overall computational time.     

L波段矩形切角圆极化微带天线的设计

设计了一种工作在L波段（中心频率为1.6GHz）的圆极化微带天线,此天线在很宽的波束范围内实现了良好的圆极化特性（±60°角度范围内,圆极化轴比AR〈3dB）,天线采用传统的同轴线背馈的馈电方式,整体结构简单,制作成本低,并且实现了天线的低剖面性,具有广泛的应用价值。     

基于通信卫星的非对称圆环毫米波微带天线

针对毫米波微带天线的特点,设计了一种可用于通信卫星的天线.该天线在辐射贴片的顶部开了个渐变的缝隙并在天线体上方放置矩形槽形成耦合,从而达到展宽天线带宽的效果,在天线单元的基础上分析了该天线的阵列形式.采用基于时域有限积分算法的CST三维电磁仿真软件对该设计进行仿真,分析结果表明在设计的工作频带范围内,该天线具有较好的带宽范围和较高的增益,且结构小巧简单,具有较高实用价值.     

宽带微带天线阵的研究与设计

微带天线具有轻的重量、较小的体积及散射截面等特点,可设计为无线电高度表的天线。采用组阵的方式把矩形贴片单元组成宽频带,高增益的阵列天线,增加基板厚度扩展频带,良好的多枝节阻抗匹配获得较大增益。应用此结构设计四元微带天线阵,中心频率为4．3 GHz ,带宽BW＞200 M Hz ,采用等幅并联馈电的方式,通过 HFSS进行仿真优化,仿真结果显示驻波比小于2,最大增益为11．3 dB ,3 dB波束宽度约为46°。实测结果为：驻波比小于2频带扩展到4．08～4．52 GHz ,最大增益为10．33 dB ,达到设计要求。该天线阵简单的结构,良好的特性可运用到小型飞行器高度表系统中。