共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 218 毫秒
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介绍了气体传感器动态检测结合神经网络识别空气中有机气体的新方法.这种方法利用单个SnO2气体传感器在方波温度调制的状态下实现了对多种有机气体的定性分析.在0.02Hz的调制频率、250℃~300℃的温度调制范围内,测得了传感器对不同浓度异丙醇、乙酰丙酮及其混合气体的动态响应值,再通过小波变换对单个周期测试信号进行特征提取,最后将提取的特征值输入神经网络进行网络训练和定性识别,识别的成功率高达100%. 相似文献
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采用水热法合成了纯SnO2和4 mol%Ni掺杂SnO2花状微结构.利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、X射线能谱分析仪(EDS)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对其晶相、成分进行了表征,对制备的纯的和Ni掺杂SnO2传感器性能进行了测试.实验结果表明:Ni掺杂可以显著改善SnO2微结构的气敏特性.在最佳工作温度(280℃)条件下,4 mol%Ni掺杂SnO2传感器对100×10-6甲醇的响应可达到13.0,其响应是纯SnO2气体传感器的2.4倍.同时,其具有快速的响应/恢复时间(6 s/5 s),较低的检测极限(1×10-6),以及对甲醇的良好选择性.最后,对Ni掺杂SnO2气体传感器的气敏机理进行了分析讨论. 相似文献
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利用单个商品化SnO2传感器,对CO和H2及其混合气体进行分类识别和定量分析.对传感器进行温度调制,获得传感器在不同浓度CO、H2和CO/H2混合气体中的动态响应.对动态响应信号进行离散小波变换(DWT),选取小波系数作为特征,输入到支持向量机(SVM),实现了对CO、H2及其混合气体的识别(其中CO浓度100×10-6,H2浓度1 000×10-6),正确识别率超过96%.从动态响应曲线提取特征,利用SVM模型对CO/H2混合气体进行定量分析,准确地估计出CO的浓度.另外,采用相同样本集,对比SVM和BP算法, 结果显示SVM具有更优的泛化性能.可用的数据处理算法可移植到单片机实现,在气体传感器智能化的研究中具有潜在的应用价值. 相似文献
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针对半导体气体传感器存在选择性差的问题,通过温度调制检测方法实现可燃性气体良好检测性能,提高传感器在复杂环境下的选择性。设计了一种参数可调的气体传感器温度调制系统,实现了正弦波和矩形波输出模式,输出频率0~1000 Hz,幅值0~5 V可调,矩形波占空比可调,并给出了系统总体设计方案和硬件设计电路。通过自制旁热式SnO2传感器对CO和CH4两种可燃性气体进行了矩形波温度调制检测分析,得到了优化的温度调制参数。提出以传感器在空气和被测气体响应中温度调制幅值比作为灵敏度系数。测试结果表明,CO和CH4气体在周期10 s的方波温度调制下呈良好的近似线性规律变化,且具有较好的线性度差异,表明两种气体具有选择性差异。 相似文献
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SnO2纳米颗粒多孔薄膜气敏传感器对CO气体的敏感性 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
在适当的条件下分解有机金属前驱体[Sn(N(CH3)2)2]2制备了尺寸分布集中的SnO2纳米颗粒.二氧化锡纳米颗粒胶体沉积到气体传感器的硅基础结构上形成纳米颗粒多孔薄膜传感层,并对传感层进行金属Pt元素原位掺杂.在专用实验台上测定了SnO2纳米颗粒传感器对CO 气体的敏感性,结果显示此传感器对CO气体表现出较好的敏感性和稳定性. 相似文献
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We developed an intelligent gas sensor system for discrimination and quantification of gases by a single semiconductor gas sensor in real-time. This system is based on the information embedded in a nonlinear dynamic response. By applying a sinusoidal voltage to a heater attached to a sensing material, a characteristic time-dependent trace of the sensor resistance is obtained as a response to environmental gases. In order to evaluate the characteristic response in a quantitative manner, fast Fourier transformation (FFT) was performed for the dynamic response. Higher harmonics, obtained by performing FFT, were processed by using a discrimination method and a multiple regression. It is possible for the system to respond in the time order of several seconds. The physico-chemical meaning of the response was also discussed. 相似文献
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Masayuki Nakamura Iwao Sugimoto Hiroki Kuwano Robert Lemos 《Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical》1994,20(2-3):231-237
A chemical sensing system that incorporates unique sensor films and uses pattern recgonition of their dynamic responses is presented. This system consists of a sensor array of quartz-crystal microbalances coated with plasma polymer films. The films, synthesized by radio-frequency sputtering, are useful because of their high density of radical sites and unsaturated bonds. When this sensor array is exposed to a gas, the adsorption and desorption of the target gas causes a dynamic frequency response in each piezoelectric sensor. The sensor response is analysed by an autoregressive model typically to estimate the parameters of dynamic systems. This model's coefficients reflect the sensor dynamics, providing pattern vectors that characterize the target gas. Based on this model, classification maps for single gases can be created with these pattern vectors. Thesse maps show that the dynamic sensor response provides useful information for gas classification. This model also confirms that our sensing system can identify the components of a gas mixture. 相似文献
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基于气体电晕放电原理,利用纳米碳管独特的物理结构和尖端发射效应,提出了一种新型的纳米碳管离子型气体传感器.采用阳极氧化铝模板法生长的定向纳米碳管阵列所构成的传感器,纳米碳管和电极是一体的,简化了器件结构和工艺.在外加直流电压激励下,纳米碳管顶部形成很强的非均匀电场,在电压相对低的情况下能很容易地电离气体,根据气体的击穿电压和放电电流来实现对单一气体和确定性混合气体的检测.为了提高检测混合气体的灵敏度,创新地在检测回路中引入随机共振发生装置,有效地提高了混合气体浓度检测的范围.实验中还分析了温度、湿度对传感器的影响,对该传感器的性能也作了评价.实验结果表明该传感器具有选择性好、体积小、响应时间快、灵敏度高、稳定性好,室温操作等优点,而且实现方便,操作简单,有较大的实用价值. 相似文献
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为了改善气体传感器的敏感性能,分别采用SnO2外涂Y沸石的涂覆法和Y沸石与SnO2混合法,用Y沸石对SnO2气体传感器进行改性.用X-射线衍射(XRD)、电子扫描显微镜(SEM)对混合法制备的Y沸石/SnO2复合材料的结构和表面进行了表征与分析.将这两类敏感元件进行了VOC气体的气敏测试.结果表明,与纯SnO2相比,Y沸石与SnO2直接混合的复合材料提高了对丙酮的响应值,而对其他气体响应值基本不变;涂覆法制备的气敏元件不仅提高对丙酮的响应值,而且减小了对乙醇的响应值,对乙醇起到一定抑制作用.初步分析了Y沸石对SnO2气敏特性改善的机理. 相似文献
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S. NazarpourAuthor Vitae C. López-GándaraAuthor VitaeC. ZamaniAuthor Vitae F.M. RamosAuthor VitaeAlbert CireraAuthor Vitae 《Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical》2011,155(2):489-499
Effect of sacrificial carbon on microstructure of protective layer and sensing properties of limiting current oxygen sensors were studied. Graphite and carbon nanofiber with different concentrations were examined as sacrificial layer. Therefore, several YSZ-based electrochemical gas sensors were fabricated with dissimilarity in the diffusivity of the layer covering their measuring electrodes.Gas sensors were tested as potentiometric and amperometric devices under O2-N2 mixtures, and synthetic gases similar to the exhaust gas mixtures from combustion engines. Sensors with low diffusivity (low concentration of sacrificial material) exhibit more abrupt and O2-sensitive potentiometric responses. Indeed, less O2-linear amperometric responses and higher response times are their characteristics. Sensors with high diffusion in their layers (high concentration of sacrificial material) show a less abrupt step-drop potentiometric response but a more linear O2 dependence for the amperometric response and, in general, lower response times.Results suggest that the configuration of the diffusive layer shall be controlled in terms of the expected performance of the sensor, as an amperometric or potentiometric device. The controlling parameters are discussed and given in this study. 相似文献
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提出将气体传感器阵列检测与最近邻域法相结合的方法实现气体的模式识别。设计了用该方法进行气体识别的实验系统。该方法具有实验次数少,且识别准确度高的优点。实验以3只金属氧化物半导体气体传感器组成的阵列为例,详细讨论了该方法的实验过程与识别结果。通过对CH4,H,CO 3种气体进行识别实验,结果表明:该方法的正确识别率达到100%,具有很高的实用价值。 相似文献