Al2O3掺杂对YSZ固体电解质烧结及电性能的影响

研究了用常规共沉淀法掺杂Al2O3对YSZ固体电解质的烧结及电性能的影响．结果表明：适量的Al2O3能提高YSZ材料的烧结性能，促使其致密化，但过量的Al2O3对材料的致密化不利；同时，材料的晶界电导随Al2O3含量的增大表现出先增大后减小的变化趋势，这与Al2O3对YSZ晶界两方面的不同影响有关，Al2O3偏析于晶界一方面能清除晶界上对氧离子电导不利的SiO2，但另一方面也会降低晶界空间电荷层中的自由氧离子空穴的浓度．     

掺入Al_2O_3对固体氧化物电解质材料YSZ性能影响的研究

在立方相的钇稳定化氧化锆 [(ZrO2 ) 0 .92 (Y2 O3) 0 .0 8](YSZ)中 ,掺入少许不同量的Al2 O3,研究其对基体材料YSZ的烧结性能、机械强度和导电性能的影响 ,并对其机理进行了分析。实验结果表明 ,掺入Al2 O3能够明显降低电解质烧结温度 ,改善烧结性能。在 130 0℃烧结 1h后 ,少量掺杂Al2 O3的样品晶粒尺寸明显比纯YSZ样品的小 ;从阻抗谱图上可以看出 ,随着Al2 O3含量的增加 ,晶界电阻不断减小 ,在掺杂比例为 4 % (质量分数 )时 ,达到最小点。而后随着Al2 O3含量的增加 ,晶界电阻又呈上升趋势。用纯YSZ和掺 4 % (质量分数 )Al2 O3的材料制成SOFC ,得到伏安特性曲线 ,结果表明 ,掺 4 % (质量分数 )Al2 O3的性能比YSZ好。     

掺入Al2O3对固体氧化物电解质材料YSZ性能影响的研究

在立方相的钇稳定化氧化锆[(ZrO2)0.92(Y2O3)0.08](YSZ)中，掺入少许不同量的Al2O2，研究其对基体材料YSZ的烧结性能、机械强度和导电性能的影响，并对其机理进行了分析。实验结果表明，掺入Al2O2能够明显降低电解质烧结温度，改善烧结性能。在1300℃烧结1h后，少量掺杂Al2O3的样品晶粒尺寸明显比纯YSZ样品的小；从阻抗谱图上可以看出，随着Al2O3含量的zk加，晶界电阻不断减小，在掺杂比例为4％(质量分数)时，达到最小点。而后随着Al2O3含量的zk加，晶界电阻又呈上升趋势。用纯YSZ和掺4％(质量分数)Al2O的材料制成SOFC，得到伏安特性曲线，结果表明，掺4％(质量分数)Al2O3的性能比YSZ好。     

Y2O3、Al2O3掺杂对CeO2的烧结及电性能的影响

本文采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了不同含量的Y2O3掺杂的CeO2粉体，并在4mol％Y2O3—CeO2粉体中掺入Al2O3，研究了各样品的烧结性能和电性能。结果表明：适量的掺杂Y2O3能提高氧化铈的密度，但Y2O3含量超过4％mol后密度下降。一定量的Al2O3也能提高材料的烧结密度。随着Y2O3含量的增大，CeO2的电导先增大后减小，而掺入Al2O3对材料的电导不利。     

真空烧结Nd:YAG透明陶瓷的研究

以高纯Al2O3、Y2O3和Nd2O3粉体为原料,少量MgO和SiO2为添加剂,采用真空烧结方法制备了不同掺杂浓度的NdYAG(Y3Al5O12)透明陶瓷,并且对烧成的NdYAG陶瓷的显微结构和光学性能进行了研究.结果发现,真空烧结有利于气孔的排出,从而达到几乎完全致密化;适量烧结助剂的添加,有利于提高陶瓷的烧结活性和透光性;NdYAG陶瓷能够实现高浓度掺杂,但是透过率随着Nd掺杂量的增加有所降低,光吸收随着掺杂量的增加而增加;掺杂浓度升高,发射谱峰出现展宽,并且出现红移现象,当Nd3+的掺杂浓度大于3.0%(原子分数)时,发射强度急剧降低.     

Al2O3透明陶瓷显微结构的研究

采用高纯Al2O3(＞99.9%)粉末为原料,用无压烧结工艺制备Al2O3透明陶瓷.研究了添加剂Y2O3、烧结温度、保温时间等对Al2O3透明陶瓷显微结构和光学性能的影响.实验结果表明,适量的Y2O3能够抑制Al2O3晶粒的生长,改善烧结性能,但添加量过多会使Al2O3陶瓷气孔略有增加.在1800℃烧结的样品密度接近理论密度,具有较好的光学性能.延长保温时间能够使晶粒长大的同时有效排除晶界处少量气孔.     

纳米Al2O3对纳米4YSZ复相陶瓷结构和性能的影响

以纳米4YSZ和纳米Al2O3粉末为原料,对掺少量Al2O3的4YSZ无压烧结体的烧结特性、结构和性能进行了研究.掺适量的Al2O3可降低烧结温度,减缓4YSZ晶粒的长大.少量的交接渗透强化了晶界,烧结体断裂倾向于穿晶断裂,提高了烧结体硬度.     

纳米Al2O3对纳米4YSZ复相陶瓷结构和性能的影响

以纳米4YSZ和纳米Al2O3粉末为原料,对掺少量Al2O3的4YSZ无压烧结体的烧结特性、结构和性能进行了研究。掺适量的Al2O3可降低烧结温度,减缓4YSZ晶粒的长大。少量的交接渗透强化了晶界,烧结体断裂倾向于穿晶断裂,提高了烧结体硬度。     

铬掺杂对PZN-PZT陶瓷微观结构和电学性能的影响

研究了Cr2O3掺杂对0．2Pb（Zn1／3Nb2/3）O3-Pb（Ti0.5Zr0.5）03（PZN-PZT）陶瓷结构和电学性能的影响。结果表明,Cr2O3掺杂量小于0．3wt％时,Cr2O3能引起三方-四方相变,四方相含量诸加,晶粒尺寸和烧结密度上升;掺杂量高于0．3wt％时,Cr2O3掺杂能抑制晶粒长大并降低烧结密度。同时,Cr2O3掺杂表现出硬性掺杂特征：εr变小,Qm值增加。而tanδ,kp和d33随Cr2O3掺杂量增加而表现出极值特征。最佳的压电性能出现在Cr2O3掺杂量为0．3wt％处。     

纳米SiC颗粒对Al2O3基体中ZrO2约束稳定的影响

采用热压的方法制备了纳米SiC颗粒复合的Al2O3-ZrO2陶瓷材料，研究了纳米SiC颗粒对样品烧结性能以及对Al2O3基体中ZrO2约束稳定的影响。结果表明，纳米SiC颗粒的加入影响样品的烧结性能。处于晶界的纳米SiC颗粒降低了基体材料对ZrO2颗粒的约束，不利于四方相ZrO2在室温下的保留。     

Sintering and grain growth of ultrapure alumina

The kinetics of densification and grain growth of ultrapure alumina (> 99.999%) were measured for clean sintering conditions in a pure-sapphire tube, and compared with kinetics measured during normal sintering conditions in an alumina crucible of 99.8% purity. For the clean condition, the microstructure of sintered alumina remained homogeneous and only normal grain growth was observed up to 1900°C for 5 H. However, under the normal sintering condition, both normal and abnormal grain growth were observed depending on the sintering temperature and time. Thus, abnormal grain growth in alumina could be effectively suppressed without introducing sintering aids (such as MgO) by using an ultrapure powder and by preventing the introduction of any impurities throughout the sintering process. This result strongly suggests that abnormal grain in commercially pure alumina ( 99.99%) is not an intrinsic property of alumina but an extrinsic property controlled by minor constituents that can be present in the original powder or introduced during powder processing and subsequent sintering.     

The preparation of AI2O3/Ni composites by a powder coating technique

In the present study, nickel particles are coated onto the surface of alumina powder by an impregnation technique. The densification behaviour and the microstructural evolution of the nickel coated alumina powder during sintering are investigated. The strength and the toughness of the resulting Al₂O₃/Ni composites are determined. As the nickel content is less than 13 vol%, fully dense composites can be prepared by pressureless sintering. The matrix grain size decreases as nickel inclusions are added. The strength and the toughness of alumina can be increased by 23 and 42% by adding 5 and 8vol% nickel, respectively. The toughening effect is attributed to plastic deformation of ductile inclusions and crack deflection by the inclusions. The strengthening effect is attributed to microstructural refinement.     

Preparation of graphene nanosheet/alumina composites by spark plasma sintering

Graphene nanosheet/alumina composite has been prepared by spark plasma sintering. A homogeneous distribution of nanosheets in an alumina matrix could be obtained by the electrostatic attraction between graphite oxide and alumina particles and their subsequent reduction. The introduction of graphene nanosheet leads to refinement of grain size of alumina after hot pressing. The experimental results have shown that the fracture toughness and conductivity of the graphene nanosheet/alumina composite are about 53% and 13 orders of magnitude higher than those of unreinforced alumina material, respectively.     

The effect of production parameters on microstructure and wear resistance of powder metallurgy Al–Al2O3 composite

Aluminum matrix composite is one of the most conventional types of metal matrix composites. This paper deals with the effect of production parameters on wear resistance of Al–Al₂O₃ composites. Alumina powder with a particle size of 12, 3 and 48 μ and pure aluminum powder with particle size of 30 μ were used. The amount of added alumina powder was up to 20%. Ball milling was utilized to blend the powders. The range of sintering temperature and time were 500, 550 and 600 °C and 30, 45, 60 and 90 min respectively. It was found that increasing sintering temperature results in increasing density, hardness and wear resistance and homogenization of the microstructure. However at certain sintering temperatures and time, considerable grain growth and reduction of hardness value occurred, leading to the degradation of wear resistance. The results showed that at high alumina content, relative density of the composite increases. However, after raising the particle size of alumina, relative density initially increases and then drops to lower values. Increasing weight percent of alumina powder leads to higher hardness and consequently improves the wear resistance of Al–Al₂O₃ composite. The use of fine alumina particles has a similar effect on hardness and the wear resistance. Finally, a finer grain size was observed, at high amount and low size of the reinforcement particle.     

SPS制备亚微米晶氧化铝陶瓷

以商业α-Al₂O₃粉体为原料, MgO为烧结助剂, 采用放电等离子烧结技术(SPS)制备亚微米晶氧化铝陶瓷. 系统研究了烧结温度、烧结助剂含量对亚微米晶氧化铝陶瓷的致密化过程及显微结构的影响. 分析结果表明, 1250℃以及0.05wt%分别是最佳的烧结温度和烧结助剂含量; 在此条件下获得的亚微米晶氧化铝陶瓷, 其相对密度达到99.8%TD(theoretical density),平均晶粒尺寸约0.68μm,显微硬度(HV5)达到20.75GPa,在3～5μm中红外范围内直线透过率超过83%. 当MgO掺杂量超过0.1wt%时, 第二相MgAl₂O₄形成, 引起光散射, 降低红外透过率.     

Sinterability, mechanical, and electrical properties of Al2O3/8YSZ nanocomposites prepared by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis

Al2O3 nanoparticles added the YSZ for improving the mechanical property and the ionic conductivity. Al2O3/YSZ nanocomposites were prepared by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis and PECS process. The relative density of the Al2O3/YSZ nanocomposites was fully densified at a sintering temperature of 1100 degrees C. The grain size for 5 vol.% Al2O3/YSZ was less than 100 nm. The fracture toughness and total ionic conductivity of Al2O3/YSZ nanocomposites were improved compared with Al2O3/YSZ nanocomposites by conventional process, due to homogeneous dispersion and uniform particle size of added Al2O3.     

Constitutive modeling of alumina sintering: grain-size effect on dominant densification mechanism

In the present work, alumina powders with the initial grain sizes of 0.9 and 7.0 μm, respectively, were sintered at different temperatures. Constitutive laws for densification were employed to model the sintering process of alumina ceramics. Based on the constitutive laws employed and the experimental results obtained, the dominant densification mechanism was identified and the effect of grain size on dominant densification mechanism was discussed. The activation energy for densification was also evaluated. In the investigated sintering temperature range, interface reaction was identified as the controlling process in sintering of alumina powders with the initial grain size of 0.9 μm, while grain-boundary diffusion was identified as the dominant process in sintering of alumina powders with the initial grain size of 7.0 μm. The activation energies for densification of the finer and coarser grain size alumina ceramics were determined as 342 and 384 kJ mol⁻¹, respectively, which provided a strong support on the densification mechanism investigation.     

球形纳米氧化铝颗粒制备微晶陶瓷及传质动力学研究

采用球形纳米氧化铝颗粒制备氧化铝微晶陶瓷,研究造粒、烧结等工艺过程对陶瓷微观结构和力学性能的影响,并结合动力学计算分析球形颗粒在烧结过程中的传质特性。结果表明:通过液相造粒掺入0.8%(质量分数)的PVA能够优化球形颗粒的压制成型并提高坯体密度。烧结温度从1400℃提高至1550℃,陶瓷相对致密度由74.1%增大至97.5%,而晶粒尺寸由0.6μm仅增至1.4μm,这与球形颗粒自身稳定的形态及其堆积形成的均匀孔隙有关。在1550℃下烧结时间由30 min延长至120 min时,气孔率由4.8%降低至0.4%,晶粒尺寸则由1.2μm增至2.7μm。另外,通过动力学计算得出球形颗粒的烧结活化能为788 kJ/mol,证实球形颗粒在烧结前期和中期具有生长惰性,利于获得微晶结构。经1550℃保温90 min的陶瓷,其密度达到98.9%,平均晶粒尺寸仅为1.6μm,硬度达到26.4 GPa,弯曲强度为574 MPa。     

Preparation of nano-structured ceramics using nanosized Al2O3 particles

This study is established with the theory that toughness of ceramics can be improved by reducing the grain sizes of alumina (Al₂O₃) ceramics. For nano-structured Al₂O₃ ceramics, nano-sized Al₂O₃ particles can be synthesized by MOCVD (metal organic chemical vapor deposition) method with Al(CH₃)₃. The synthesized particle sizes were 5.6, 11.2 and 22.4 nm, and these particles were used as initial materials. The grain sizes in nano-structured ceramics were controlled by both sintering temperature and holding time. They transformed dramatically from -Al₂O₃ to -Al₂O₃ when sintered above 1223 K for two hours. The transformation temperature was lowered by 250 K in comparison the temperature of the phase transformation in bulk. The grain size of nano-structured alumina ceramics grew with increasing sintering temperature. At the sintering temperature of 1173 K, it is necessary of an incubation time for grain growth. The incubation time became longer while particle size decreased. After the incubation time, the rate of grain growth was steeply increased. Above 1273 K, the grain growth directly occurred without any incubation time.