现代洗涤剂与荧光增白剂

一、前言最近几年,荧光增白剂生产厂增加了有关开发洗涤剂工业用的新型荧光增白剂的研究。荧光增白剂(以下简称FWA)是一种白色或微黄色的荧光染料。染到织物制品上的微量FWA,在吸收光量子后能够发出强     

荧光黄系列染料及染料中间体

技术类型：精细化工与中间体项目简介：1，8萘酰亚胺类荧光染料是一类重要的功能性染料，目前已广泛用于染料、颜料和荧光增白剂。另外，还可广泛用于制作荧光墨水、荧光涂料、荧光塑料制品以及其它荧光制品。这类染料可广泛用于各种织物的染色，染后染样具有鲜艳的黄绿色颜色，并有着明显的绿色荧光。如目前广为流行的广告装饰材料荧光膜在许多地方广为使用，     

荧光增白剂LBJ的合成及应用研究

前言荧光增白剂是一种染料,是利用光学上的作用,增加日光下白度的化学药剂,所以荧光增白剂又称白色荧光染料。用荧光增白剂处理织物,能使织物增白的机理是:荧光增白剂不仅能反射日光的可见光波长,而且能把紫外线反射为可见光,这就使织物在日光下显出晶莹、透亮的洁白。     

荧光增白剂的毒理学性质

简介三十多年以来,微量的荧光增白剂（约０．１％）被添加在织物洗涤剂中用于减少织物的泛黄色调并改善织物外观。荧光增白剂是这样一种物质,它可以转化一部分不可见的紫外光为短波的可见光（主要是蓝光）,由此提高织物的明亮度并抵消未经处理的白色织物和纤维素纤维的...     

荧光增白剂及其中间体的合成与发展

荧光增白剂是“染料索引”中染料的一个类别，可以认为是一种“白色染料”，作为染料工业的一个重要分支，广泛应用于纺织印染、合成纤维、塑料、造纸、合成洗涤剂等多个领域。20世纪70年代以来随着全球科学进步和社会发展，荧光增白剂得到快速发展，而且近五年来世界新增商品染料1300余个，其中荧光增白剂就占230余种，占新增染料总数的近18％，显示强劲的发展势头和良好的发展前景。     

荧光增白剂混合应用的加和增效研究

比较了十一个荧光增白剂与由它们组成的二元混合物在涤纶织物上的增白效应,从中发现:许多混合物都呈现出超加和的增白效应.产生这种加和增效的原因在于:1.在混合物中的两个组分互相不干扰对方的光学和上染行为;2.在一定的浓度范围内,荧光增白剂的荧光量子产率随浓度下降而增加;3.低浓度的染浴比高浓度的染浴有较高的染色提升率。     

荧光增白剂在洗衣粉中的效能研究

将几种常用的荧光增白剂分别配入洗衣粉中，通过粉体白度实验、去污实验和循环洗涤实验，考察了荧光增白剂在洗衣粉中的效能。实验结果表明：荧光增白剂在洗衣粉中的添加质量分数为0．1％时，不同品种的荧光增白剂可使粉体白度提高3．49％－34．645。荧光增白剂CBS－X、31^#、VBL、CXT对粉体的返黄点分别为0．30％、0．25％、0．15％和0．15％。与空白样相比，洗衣粉中加入质量分数为0．1％的荧光增白剂时，可使去污力比值提高至1．07－1．25。荧光增白剂在洗衣粉中的最佳添加量其质量分数分别是：CBX－X为0．05％－0．10％，31^#为0．10％－0．15％，VBL和CXT为0．10％。     

荧光增白剂对纯棉织物洗涤效果的影响

采用添加不同种类和用量荧光增白剂的标准洗衣液洗涤不同颜色纯棉织物,对比分析洗涤后织物的L*,a*,b*和C*值,反射率曲线以及目视评价结果,得到荧光增白剂对不同颜色纯棉织物的影响效果。结果表明,荧光增白剂可使增白布更白,漂白和米白布明显变亮白,浅蓝和粉红布样更加艳丽,浅灰和浅黄布样泛白或变浅,使卡其布样明显泛白,对大红、深蓝、黑色等深色纯棉织物无明显影响。     

荧光增白剂中间体合成与发展

一、概述 荧光增白剂是“染料索引”中染料的一个类别,可以认为是一种“白色染料”,作为染料工业的一个重要分支,广泛应用于纺织印染、合成纤维、塑料、造纸、合成洗涤剂等多个领域。20世纪70年代以来随着全球科学进步和社会发展,荧光增白剂得到快速发展,而且近五年来世界新增商品染料1300余个,其中荧光增白剂就占230余种,占新增染料总数的近18％,显示强劲的发展势头和良好的发展前景。20世纪90年代以来我国染料工业快速     

国内外荧光增白剂的发展简介

本文简述了国内外荧光增白剂的产量、品种、用途及今后发展方向。荧光增白剂(简称增白剂)实际上是一种白色染料,所以国外将它列入染料类别之中,日本把它称之为"荧光染料"。但是我国把它列入助剂类别之一。为了便于对比,本文中     

Camouflage of cotton fabrics in visible and NIR region using three selected vat dyes

To provide camouflage in near infrared (NIR) region and imitate reflectance profile of greenish leaves, cotton fabrics were dyed with three selected vat dyes, namely C.I. Vat Blue 6, C.I. Vat Yellow 2, and C.I. Vat Red 13. Reflectance curves of two types of fresh greenish leaves were measured as standard reference. Transmittance curve of vat dyes in acetone solution indicated that selected vat dyes have suitable structure to provide camouflage in NIR region. According to reflectance profiles, reflectance curve of Vat Blue 6 has more similarity with that of green leaf at the concentration of 0.85% owf (on weight of fiber) and 1.2% owf in comparison with those of C.I. Vat Yellow 2 and C.I. Vat Red 13. Cotton fabrics were dyed with different mixtures of the dyes to obtain a standard shade to reach camouflage in visible range. Chromatic values of dyed fabrics were measured (CIE1976 L*, a*, and b*) and two standard shades of the 1948 US army pattern, NATO and forest green, were obtained on cotton fabrics with ΔE_CMC < 2. Reflectance profiles of these two shades were located between the reflectance of green leaves. So, two vat dyes were introduced to camouflage dyes group, C.I. Vat Blue 6 and C.I. Vat Red 13, and used to achieve NATO green and forest green shades for first time. All dyed samples showed good fastness properties. The effect of washing and light exposure on camouflage properties of fabrics in visible and NIR region was inconsiderable. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 39, 200–207, 2014     

Application of chitosan/nonionic surfactant mixture in reactive dyes for dyeing wool fabrics

The feasibility of wool fabrics pretreated with a chitosan/nonionic surfactant mixture and dyed with reactive dyes was studied. The results showed that the presence of the chitosan/surfactant improved the application to wool, which greatly enhanced the color strength when dyed at 50°C but little change was observed when dyed at 80°C. The higher the concentration of chitosan/surfactant added, the greater was the color strength of the dyed wool fabrics. The amounts found to be optimum for dyeing were 0.5% chitosan and 1.0% surfactant. The washing fastness of the dyed wool fabrics was in the range of grades 4–5, the dry rubbing fastness was in the range of grades 4–5, and the wet rubbing fastness was in the range of grades 3–4. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 80: 2859–2864, 2001     

Shade darkening effect of polyorganosiloxane modified with amino and hydroxy groups on dyed polyester microfiber fabric

The novel polyorganosiloxane material S‐101 modified with amino and hydroxy groups is synthesized. Shade darkening effect of modified polyorganosiloxane on dyed polyester microfiber fabric is investigated by reflectance spectrum, color yield (K/S), and the color differences (ΔE). The colorimetric data of CIELAB is discussed. The results show that the novel material of silicone polymer modified with amino and hydroxy groups has excellent shade darkening effect on dyed polyester microfiber fabric. The rates of the color yield increase (I%) of all dyed fabric with four dyes (Disperse Yellow S‐4RL, Red GS, Blue 2BLN, and Black SF‐R) exceed 10%. The shapes of the reflectance spectra curves of the dyed fabrics before and after treated with S‐101 are not noticeable change. The dyed fabrics with the polymer have not significant effect on the wash fastness and wet rubbing fastness. The low reflectance thin film on dyed fabrics is formed. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007     

A method for dyeing cotton fabric with anthocyanin dyes extracted from mulberry (Morus rubra) fruits

For the first time, the natural anthocyanin dyes (mainly consisting of cyanidine 3‐glycoside) extracted from mulberry (Morus rubra) fruits has been successfully used to dye cotton fabric, with a dyeing property performance good enough for potential commercial applications. In this study, succinic acid was firstly incorporated into cotton fabrics by esterification to the hydroxyl groups of cellulose, forming an anionic site for the dyes. The performance of the modified material was characterised by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and tensile strength. Results showed that the tensile strength of cotton fabrics was mostly retained after modification. The anthocyanin extracts from mulberry fruits were used to study the dyeability of the control and modified cotton fabrics. Red and deep purple (aubergine) are two main shades of cotton fabrics dyed with mulberry fruit extracts. Most importantly, aubergine shade is rare in cotton fabrics dyed with natural dyes. Modification with succinic acid clearly increased the colour strength of the dyed cotton fabric. The colour strength of dyed cotton fabric was improved from 2.7 to 5.3 in the case of dyeing without mordants, and from 3.2 to 6.9 in the case of dyeing with tin mordanting. Meanwhile, the colour fastness was improved by 0.5–2 grades with increasing succinic acid concentration in the finish solution. The colour fastness to perspiration, crocking, light, and washing of fabric dyed with simultaneous tin mordanting and modified with 30 g l^?1 of succinic acid was found to be acceptable, with a grey scale grade of at least 3. As for home laundering, neutral soapy solution was more acceptable than alkaline soapy solution.     

锦纶织物原位矿化染色新技术

应用Erionyl系列弱酸性染料,分别采用传统工艺和原位矿化工艺对锦纶织物进行染色加工。对比了采用不同染色工艺的耗水量、排放残液的化学需氧量(CODC)r、染品色牢度及各项物理性能指标,结果表明:与传统工艺相比,采用原位矿化工艺对锦纶织物进行染色加工,染色节水率高达80%;排放染色废水中CODCr显著降低;不同工艺的染色织物颜色深度和各项色牢度基本一致;采用原位矿化工艺染色的织物断裂强力及断裂伸长率略优于传统工艺。     

Atmospheric pressure plasma‐induced decolorisation of cotton knitted fabric dyed with reactive dye

The aim of this study was to investigate the decolorisation effect of atmospheric pressure plasma treatment on knitted fabrics dyed with reactive dyes under different processing parameters, ie, air concentration, treatment duration and water content. The fabrics were dyed with reactive dye of a blue colour, and the colour depths were 0.5%, 1.5% and 3.0% on weight of fabric. The colour properties of untreated and plasma‐treated fabric samples were evaluated by means of reflectance, K/S and relative unlevelness index. The colour properties were evaluated instrumentally and quantitatively in order to study the decolorisation effect induced by atmospheric pressure plasma treatment. Experimental results revealed that the desired decolorisation effect was heavily influenced by the atmospheric pressure plasma treatment processing parameters. Although the desired decolorisation effect could be obtained by controlling the processing parameters of the atmospheric pressure plasma treatment, the treatment did not provide any significant reduction in the bursting strength of the fabric.     

A hemicyanine fluorescent reactive cationic dye: synthesis and applications on wool fabrics

A novel hemicyanine fluorescent reactive cationic dye was synthesised by the reaction between the free amino group of a hemicyanine fluorescent dye and 2,3‐dibromopropionyl chloride. The dye was characterised by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, high‐resolution mass spectrometry, ultraviolet‐visible absorption spectrometry, and single‐photon fluorescence spectrometry. The prepared dye was applied to wool fabrics to give fluorescent orange shades. The colour fastness of the dyed wool fabrics was tested. Results show that dyed fabrics using the novel hemicyanine fluorescent reactive cationic dye could be used as fluorescent clothing.     

纯棉织物涂料染色工艺的研究

本文研究了阳离子改性纯棉针织物荧光涂料染色的新工艺,系统分析了涂料浓度、染色温度、粘合剂用量、焙烘温度等工艺参数对涂料染色织物各项性能的影响。通过测定染色织物的K/S值、摩擦牢度、皂洗牢度,得到柠檬黄荧光涂料对阳离子改性纯棉针织物染色的最佳工艺配方:涂料浓度为0.5%~3%(o.w.f.),染色温度为60℃,粘合剂用量为5 g/L,焙烘温度为120℃。     

Reactive dyeing of silk using commercial acid dyes based on a three‐component Mannich‐type reaction

Acid dyes are employed for commercially dyeing silk, which results in ionic bonds between the silk fibroin and the dye. This generally leads to low wet fastness properties for dyed silk fabrics. In this work, three commercial acid dyes with aromatic primary amine structures were selected to dye silk using a Mannich‐type reaction, resulting in improved wet fastness of dyed silk by forming covalent bonds between silk fibroin and dye. The Mannich‐type reactive dyeing was applied to silk fabrics at both 30 and 90°C in trials. Dyeing at 90°C can shorten the dyeing time compared with dyeing at 30°C, even although dye exhaustion and relative fixation at 90°C were a little lower. The dyeing process was optimised when the dyeing temperature was 90°C, dyebath pH 4, dye‐to‐formaldehyde ratio 1:30 and holding dyeing time 60 minutes. The results showed that the dye exhaustion on silk fabrics for the three aromatic primary amine‐containing acid dyes exceeded 94% and their relative fixation was over 80%. Their washing and rubbing fastness reached grade 4 or higher. Hence, the colour fastness properties of dyed silk fabrics using the Mannich‐type reactive dyeing method is superior to the conventional acid dyeing method using the same aromatic primary amine‐containing acid dyes. The Mannich‐type reactive dyeing for silk fabrics at 90°C can be developed into a novel and rapid reactive dyeing method, promising an effective dyeing process with excellent colour fastness.     

The Anomalous Fading of Some Fluorescent Dyes and Brighteners on Hydrophilic Fibres

The fastness to light of a number of fluorescent yellow dyes and fluorescent brightening agents (FBA) on several fibres at different concentrations has been assessed both visually and by colour-difference measurements. One acid dye on wool, six FBA on wool and two FBA on cotton showed anomalous fading (i.e. the light fastness decreased with increasing concentration). Results of extraction experiments showed that this could be accounted for by the formation of coloured decomposition products from the dye or FBA and, with wool, from the fibre also. With FBA on wool and cotton there appears to be an optimum concentration above which both the fastness to light and the whiteness fall.