高效液相色谱法对“黄金菊”茶中儿茶素和氨基酸组分含量的测定

为进一步研究江西特色茶树资源的生化成分,以“黄金菊”、安吉白茶、福鼎大白茶等茶树为试验材料,用高效液相色谱(high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC)法,对不同茶叶中儿茶素组分和氨基酸组分进行检测和对比分析。结果显示,“黄金菊”茶中儿茶素组分和氨基酸组分比较丰富,没食子酸酯儿茶素(gallate catechin,GC)、表没食子儿茶素(epigallocatechin,EGC)、儿茶素(catechin,C)、表儿茶素(epicatechin,EC)、表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(epigallocatechin gallate,EGCG)、没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(gallocatechin gallate,GCG)、表儿茶素没食子酸酯(epicatechin gallate,ECG)、儿茶素没食子酸酯(catechin gallate,CG)含量分别为0.05%、1.21%、0.53%、0.99%、7.91%、0.23%、2.63%、0.01%;共检测出17种氨基酸组分,分别比安吉白茶、福鼎大白茶多检出1、3种氨基酸,检测出的成分含量与安吉白茶比较接近。试验结果说明,"黄金菊"茶树中儿茶素组分、氨基酸组分丰富,同时特征成分明显。     

不同保鲜处理过程中茶青品质成分含量的变化

本研究对采后茶鲜叶进行低温(5~8℃,10~13℃,15~18℃)和常温(21~23℃)处理,通过理化检测分析了茶青品质成分含量在不同保鲜处理过程中的变化情况。结果显示,相较于对照0 h,可溶性糖含量在低温和常温处理36 h中均未发生显著性变化;游离氨基酸含量在10~13℃组中维持着与对照相当的水平;儿茶素(catechin,C)、表儿茶素(epicatechin,EC)和表儿茶素没食子酸酯(epicatechin gallate,ECG)的含量在不同保鲜处理组中均出现了显著下降(p<0.05);表没食子儿茶素(epigallocatechin,EGC)、没食子儿茶素(gallocatechin,GC)和表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(epigallocatechin gallate,EGCG)的含量在5~8℃或10~13℃处理组中无显著性变化。此外,通过基于可溶糖、游离氨基酸、C、EC、ECG、GC、EGC和EGCG的主成分分析发现,在处理36 h后4组低温样品均能与常温样品进行区分,且较常温样品更接近0 h对照样品。综上所述,10~13℃处理能对茶青起到较好的保鲜作用。     

不同光照时间萎凋对白茶品质的影响

采用LED红光光源（630 nm）,研究全程光照、前半程光照、后半程光照不同光照萎凋时间对白茶感官品质、主要生化成分以及香气物质的影响。结果表明：后半程光照萎凋的白茶感官审评滋味得分最高,具有“醇厚、较浓、鲜爽”的特征,其天冬氨酸、天冬酰胺、茶氨酸、甘氨酸、苯丙氨酸、缬氨酸、鸟氨酸、氨基酸总量和可溶性糖含量显著高于其它处理（P<0.05）;其咖啡碱、表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯（epigallocatechin gallate,EGCG）、表儿茶素没食子酸酯（epicatechin gallate,ECG）、没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯（gallocatechin gallate,GCG）、儿茶素没食子酸（catechin gallate,CG）、表儿茶素（epicatechin,EC）、儿茶素（catechin,C）、酯型儿茶素、非酯型儿茶素和儿茶素总量,显著高于全程光照萎凋的白茶（P<0.05）,与前半程差异不显著（P>0.05）。前半程光照萎凋的白茶香气检测物质数量（69种）和香气物质总含量（326.921μg/L）最高,形成了“花香”的风格特征,其感官审评的香气因子得分...     

不同闷黄工艺对蒙顶黄芽风味品质的影响

为缩短传统蒙顶黄芽加工时间,提出一种快速闷黄工艺,并结合感官审评、高效液相色谱(high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC)、气相色谱-质谱(gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,GC-MS)等分析方法,探讨不闷黄、传统闷黄、快速闷黄工艺对蒙顶黄芽风味品质的影响。结果表明,2种闷黄工艺的感官审评总分均比不闷黄工艺高,且快速闷黄工艺总分最高。闷黄工艺后,表没食子儿茶素(epigallocatechin,EGC)、儿茶素(catechin,C)、表儿茶素(epicatechin,EC)、咖啡碱、可溶性糖和谷氨酸含量均增加,EGC、可溶性糖和谷氨酸含量增加均达到显著水平(P<0.05);表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(epigallocatechin gallate,EGCG)、表儿茶素没食子酸酯(epicatechin gallate,ECG)、儿茶素总量均减少,快速闷黄工艺的EGCG、茶多酚、氨基酸总量、茶氨酸、叶绿素b和叶绿素总量的减少均达到显著水平(P<0.05)。3种工艺样品均鉴定出42种香气成分...     

不同时期茶树鲜叶活性成分研究

为探明不同时期茶树活性成分的变化规律,采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC),对不同时间采摘的福鼎大白茶鲜叶氨基酸(amino acids,AA)、茶多酚(tea polyphenols,TP)、咖啡碱(caffeine,CAF)、没食子酸(gallic acid,GA)、表没食子儿茶素(epicatechin gallate,EGC)、表儿茶素没食子酸(epicatechin gallate,ECG)及表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(epigallocatechin gallate,EGCG)等生化成分含量进行分析比较。结果显示:福鼎大白茶鲜叶中儿茶素组分总含量在12.1 mg/g~18.7 mg/g之间,其中样品4 EGCG含量最高,3月份采摘一芽二叶鲜叶儿茶素品质指数最高为15.66,其儿茶素苦涩味指数也是样品中百分比最高的,儿茶素的品质指数与苦涩味指数、氨酚比呈正相关。     

陕西省不同产地绿茶中6种活性成分含量的比较

目的：采用高效液相色谱法HPLC,对陕西不同产区(安康、汉中和商洛)绿茶中茶氨酸(theanine)、没食子酸(gallic acid,GA)、咖啡碱(caffeine,CAF)、表没食子儿茶素(epicatechin gallate,EGC)、表儿茶素没食子酸(epicatechin gallate,ECG)及表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(epigallocatechin gallate,EGCG)的含量进行分析比较。方法：绿茶经热水提取后采用HPLC测定上述6种活性成分的含量,色谱柱(250mm×4.6mm,5μm),流动相为0.05%三氟乙酸溶液(A)、乙腈(B)梯度洗脱,流速为1mL/min,柱温25℃,检测波长：190nm和280nm。结果：3个产区中6种组分的含量在0.325～47.061mg/g之间,产区间各组分含量存在显著性差异(P＜0.05),其中汉中绿茶中GA的平均含量最高,安康绿茶中茶氨酸、CAF、ECG、EGC、EGCG的平均含量最高。     

4种茶叶水提物及茶多酚的体外抗氧化性能研究

采用水提法对红茶、乌龙茶、绿茶和茉莉花茶进行提取,并对抽提物中总酚含量和各个儿茶素单体含量进行测定,通过常见的3种抗氧化能力测试方法,即DPPH法、2,2-联氮-二(3-乙基-苯并噻唑-6-磺酸)二铵盐[(2,2-azino-bis (3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)diammonium salt,ABTS)]法及铁离子还原/抗氧化能力(ferric ion reducing antioxidant power,FRAP)法对4种茶叶水提物的体外抗氧化能力进行评价,同时比较茶多酚和VC的抗氧化活性。结果表明:4种茶叶水提物均有很强的体外抗氧化活性,绿茶、茉莉花茶、乌龙茶的DPPH法及FRAP法抗氧化活性测试结果优于红茶,红茶的ABTS+·清除率略高于其他3种茶。相关性分析结果显示儿茶素总量、总酚含量、没食子儿茶素(gallocatechin,GC)、表没食子儿茶素(epigallocatechin,EGC)、表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(epigallocatechin gallate,EGCG)、表儿茶素没食子酸酯(epicatechin gallate,ECG)含量和DPPH法、FRAP法结果呈现正相关,而与ABTS法结果呈现负相关。此外,试验结果表明茶多酚的抗氧化能力高于V_C。     

窨制对茉莉花茶抑制癌细胞增殖的影响

目的探究茉莉花茶窨制过程中茶叶主要活性成分及抑制肝癌和胃癌细胞增殖能力的变化。方法利用四极杆飞行时间液相色谱质谱联用法和高效液相色谱法、紫外分光光度法对茉莉花茶主要活性成分进行定性和定量分析;利用主成分分析方法对窨制过程的茉莉花茶样本进行分析;利用四唑盐比色法(methyl thiazolyl tetrazolim,MTT)测定茉莉花茶抑制肝癌和胃癌细胞增殖的活性。结果本研究从茉莉花茶中鉴定出8种酚酸类及其衍生物、7种儿茶素、2种原花青素二聚体和6种黄酮醇苷类化合物。茉莉花茶细毛尖在窨制花茶过程中,其含有的黄酮、总儿茶素、生物碱、咖啡碱、没食子酸、表没食子儿茶素(epigallocatechin, EGC)、没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(gallocatechin gallate,GCG)和表儿茶素没食子酸酯(epicatechin gallate,ECG)的含量逐渐下降;茉莉花茶龙峰在窨制成花茶过程中,其总多酚、可可碱、EGC、表儿茶素(epicatechin,EC)、表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(epigallocatechin gallate, EGCG)、GCG和ECG的含量逐渐上升,茶碱、没食子酸、GC含量则下降。主成分分析结果显示,不同窨制次数的茉莉花茶各自聚为一类。MTT结果显示,茉莉花茶细毛尖和龙峰的水浸出物抑制肝癌细胞HepG2增殖的IC_(50)分别为264.81～272.69μg/mL和377.46～435.95μg/mL,抑制胃癌细胞细胞BGC823的IC_(50)分别为42.49～46.35μg/mL和24.85～57.57μg/mL。茉莉花茶抑制胃癌细胞增殖能力强于肝癌,细毛尖窨制后,抑制肝癌细胞增殖能力无显著变化,抑制胃癌细胞增殖能力先下降后上升;龙峰窨制后,抑制肝癌细胞增殖能力下降15.5%,抑制胃癌细胞增殖能力增强45.3%。结论本研究初步明确了茉莉花茶的抗癌功效,明晰了茉莉花茶窨制过程中的主要活性成分和抗癌功效的变化,为消费者正确认识茉莉花茶提供科学数据支撑。     

以云南铁观音为原料的速溶茶加工研究

铁观音是云南近年来发展迅速的一种茶叶产品,随着种植面积与产量的增加,急需要进行精深加工研究开发。以云南腾冲产的铁观音为原料,通过单因素、正交设计优化浸提条件,以及浓缩和干燥工艺考查,建立料液比1∶10(g/mL)、60%乙醇浸提36 h、过滤后茶渣以料液比1∶5(g/mL)沸水浸提30 min、40℃减压浓缩、100℃喷雾干燥的铁观音速溶茶加工工艺。加工产品速溶性强、花香浓郁、滋味醇厚,得率为28.47%,茶多酚、儿茶素(catechins,C)、表儿茶素(epicatechin,EC)、表没食子酸儿茶素(epigallocatechin,EGC)、表儿茶素没食子酸酯(epicatechin gallate,ECG)、表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(epigallocatechin gallate,EGCG)含量分别为34.03%、0.45%、2.25%、9.49%、2.14%和14.16%。研究开发一种具有市场潜力的深加工茶叶产品,为云南铁观音茶叶发展提供技术支持。     

UPLC-MS-MS同时测定茶油中8种儿茶素类物质

利用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱建立了一种可以同时检测茶油8种儿茶素类物质的分析方法。使用Waters T3 C18色谱柱(250mm×4.6mm,5μm),以0.1%(V/V)甲酸水溶液和甲醇和为流动相进行梯度洗脱,正扫描方式下多反应监测(MRM)模式测定。在优化的条件下,8种儿茶素类物质线性关系良好(r~2=0.9966～0.9995),方法检出限为0.2～1.1μg/L。在不同浓度水平的添加平均加标回收率为76.4.%～93.4%之间,相对标准偏差3.0%～8.9%。应用本方法可以检测出茶油中儿茶素(C)、表儿茶素表儿茶素(EC)、表没食子儿茶素(EGC)、表儿茶素没食子酸酯(ECG)、表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(EGCG)等的含量。结果表明,茶油中表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(EGCG)、表没食子儿茶素(EGC)、表儿茶素没食子酸酯(ECG)的含量相对较高。本方法结果准确可靠,方法快速,简单易行,可为茶油中儿茶素类物质的检测提供参考。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press