MDEA脱碳系统模拟方法探讨

应用ＰＲＯ／Ⅱ胺包、电解质模块等对ＭＤＥＡ脱碳系统进行模拟计算，并将计算结果与设计值进行比较分析，如实地反映了用各种软件处理该系统中所遇到的问题。     

环氧乙烷/乙二醇生产装置用能分析与调优

利用以夹点技术为基础的针对大型复杂过程系统用能的诊断和调优策略,对环氧乙烷/乙二醇生产装置全过程进行用能分析,找到了系统用能不合理的地方。同时应用化工流程模拟软件Aspen plus和自行开发的软件对系统用能进行调优,提出了改造方案。     

管道应力分析——蒸汽透平压缩机进出口管线设计

提出管道应力分析的目的与要求;介绍管道应力分析的基础条件,材料的特性数据及选用的标准规范;并采用ＣＡＥＳＡＲＩ应力分析软件对蒸汽透平压缩机进出口管线设计进行应力分析,及用ＮＥＭＡ标准校核管端荷载。     

大规模复杂过程系统能量综合方法

针对过程系统工程的一个难点－－全过程系统能量综合,提出了“过程用能一致性原则”,从用能的角度上提高系统的集成性,将全过程系统的能量综合问题为相应的虚拟换热网络综合问题;并对大规模虚拟换热网络的求解进行了研究,提出了适用的分解策略;应用自行开发的过程用能夹点分析软件进行用能分析及换热网络匹配,实例分析节能效果显著。     

管道应力分析：蒸汽透平压榨机进出口管线设计

提出管道应力分析的目的与要求；介绍管道应力分析的基础条件，材料的特性数据及选用的标准规范；并采用ＣＡＥＳＡＲＩＩ应力分析软件对蒸汽透平压缩机进出口管线设计进行应力分析，及用ＮＥＭＡ标准校核荷载。     

热塑性聚氨酯弹性体／氯化聚乙烯共混体系的研究

选用ＣＰＥ和ＣＰＥ／ＰＶＣ为改性剂．用双辊熔融共混的方式对ＴＰＵ的共混改性进行了系统的研究，对ＴＰＵ／ＣＰＥ和ＴＰＵ／ＣＰＥ／ＰＶＣ共混体系的性能进行了测试分析及对比。结果表明：选择适宜的ＴＰＵ种类和ＣＰＥ、ＣＰＥ／ＰＶＣ分别组成二元和三元共混体系，能明显改善ＴＰＵ的加工特性，并且基本保待了ＴＰＵ优良的耐油性和耐寒性。     

某合成氨厂氨合成工段换热网络的模拟与优化

降低化工过程系统用能的手段之一就是应用系统能量综合技术,对整个系统进行用能的分析及调优,确定整个换热网络最佳的流程结构,在满足过程工艺物流初、终温要求的基础上,使其具有最少的设备投资费用和操作费用.基于夹点设计为主要方法,以年平均费用最小为目标,利用化工模拟软件SIMSCI HEXTRAN对某大型合成氨厂氨合成工段进行模拟,发现传热温差较大,用能状况有不尽合理之处,提出改善建议,并给出优化结果.     

注塑模CAD／CAE／CAM集成系统的开发及实用化

本文全面地介绍了注塑模ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＥ／ＣＡＭ集成系统的开发思想及主要方法。基于微机开发的注塑模ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＥ／ＣＡＭ系统能辅助模具设计师完成全套注塑模的设计，并模拟塑料熔体在模腔中的流动过程、分析冷却系统的效率，ＣＡＭ软件可直接对ＣＡＤ的结果进行数控编程，从而实现ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ一体化。文中还针对实用化过程中所遇到的主要问题进行了讨论。     

超细粉碎分级系统离心式空气分级机性能研究

在扁平式超音速气流粉碎机和离心式超细空气分级机所组成的闭路系统上，用正交试验法离心式超细空气分级机的工艺参数优化问题。采用最小二乘法，对正交试验进行回归分析，得出控制分级机实际分级粒径的经验回归公式。用ＰＨＯＥＮＩＣＳ软件对分级机内腔气流场进行数值计算，并用五孔球形探针测量流场，两者结果吻合较好。     

挤出过程SPC系统的设计与应用

通过介绍挤出过程SPC系统的设计原则和逻辑关系,给出挤出过程SPC系统软件的设计思路及设计过程。对挤出过程SPC系统软件进行实际运行实验,在相同压力值下,通过设定不同上下偏差,对应用统计过程控制所得到的结果进行对比分析,以此说明在挤出过程控制系统软件的功能及应用。     

酮苯脱蜡装置节能减排一体化

对企业的能量系统进行集成优化,可以提高能源的利用效率,并同时减少装置的用水量和CO2的排放量。本文针对某酮苯脱蜡装置,对其现行的换热网络进行了夹点分析,提取了物流数据,找出了用能不合理之处和装置的能量目标,通过计算获得该装置的节能潜力为4228.3 kW。考虑该装置实际的状况,提出对部分物流进行重新匹配的热集成优化方案,结果表明可分别节约1456.4 kW的加热公用工程和524.2 kW的冷却公用工程。对优化后方案进行的经济性分析显示,该方案每年可节约278.5万元的能量费用、减少0.3万吨污水和9078.2吨CO2的排放。对酮苯脱蜡装置进行一体化的优化可以降低能耗和成本,本文提出的优化方案对相关装置的节能减排也具有一定的指导作用。     

Identifying optimal thermodynamic paths in work and heat exchange network synthesis

The process synthesis problem referred to as work and heat exchange networks (WHENs) is an extension of the classical heat exchanger networks problem considering only temperature and heat. In WHENs, additional properties are pressure and work, and strong interactions exist between temperature, pressure, work, and heat. The actual sequence of heating, cooling, compression, and expansion for pressure changing streams (PCs) will affect the shape of the composite and grand composite curves, the Pinch point, and the thermal utility demands. Even stream identities (hot or cold) will sometimes change. The identification of the optimal thermodynamic path from supply to target state for PCs becomes a primary and fundamental task in WHENs. An MINLP model has been developed based on an extension of the Duran–Grossmann model (that can handle variable temperatures) to also consider changing stream identities. Three reformulations of the extended Duran–Grossmann model have been developed and tested for two examples. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 65: 549–561, 2019     

功热交换网络综合的研究进展

功和热是化工工业中使用能源的两种最主要方式,由于流股压力、温度操作需要消耗大量的功热,因此研究功热的协同利用对于提高过程整体能源利用率具有重要的意义。本文首先概述了基于热力学分析的功热交换网络综合的研究情况,以系统?耗最小为目标探讨压缩机、膨胀机优化配置与换热网络用能瓶颈的耦合关系,揭示了功热协同利用的作用机制。然后系统地总结了以年度总费用最小为目标的数学规划模型综合功热交换网络的研究进展,探寻压力操作路径、流股功/热交换匹配、公用工程消耗量及设备投资之间的有效权衡;最后对后续研究进行展望,指出可进一步探究考虑流股冷热性质判定的功热交换网络同步综合、公用工程系统优化与功热交换网络同步设计的耦合等。     

Optimal synthesis of integrated refrigeration systems—I: Mixed-integer programming model

This paper deals with the problem of synthesizing minimum-cost refrigeration systems that are integrated with heat-recovery networks. An efficient network representation is proposed for embedding multistage cycle configurations that operate over a discrete set of potential temperature levels, and which account for the heat integration of a set of hot and cold process streams. Based on this network representation, the prediction of a lower bound for the utility costs is formulated as a linear programming problem. The synthesis of integrated refrigeration systems that minimize both capital and utility costs is formulated as a mixed-integer linear programming problem. The application of this method is illustrated with a test problem.     

Retrofitting of the Heat Exchanger Network with Steam Generation in a Crude Oil Distillation Unit

Steam generation through hot streams has an important impact on the utility consumption of a crude oil distillation unit. Retrofitting of the heat exchanger network with steam generation in a crude oil distillation unit is studied with regard to efficient energy usage. The grand composite curve is employed to provide insights into the steam generation problem, and a mixed‐integer linear programming model, presented previously for heat integration through hot discharges/feeds and steam generation, is used to obtain the optimal parameters for steam generation. Three heuristic rules are then proposed to determine suitable hot streams for steam generation. Finally, the heat exchanger network is modified based on pinch technology. After the retrofit, the hot and cold utility decrease.     

化工过程系统用能诊断和调优的“夹点分析”法

把热力学与系统工程的方法相结合，进一步将“夹点分析”应用于化工过程系统的用能诊断及调优。首先，从能量的角度将以能量驱动的过程单元如，反应器、精馏塔、压缩机等与换热器网络中的冷、热流股统一起来；然后，利用格子图，总组合曲线（ＧＣＣ）、扩充的总组合曲线（ＥＧＣＣ）、分离的总组合曲线（ＳＧＣＣ）等诊断工具，对化工过程系统进行用能诊断，给出相应的调优措施，并将该方法应用于实际的化工过程。     

Design of mixed energy‐integrated batch process networks by Pseudo‐direct approach

In this article, a novel framework for the design of mixed (combined direct and indirect) integration for batch process systems is presented. The framework is based on the concept of pseudo‐direct energy integration (PDEI) which reformulates indirect integration as direct integration using pseudo‐process streams. Two algorithms are presented to achieve energy integration for batch processes operating cyclically (in a campaign mode). The first algorithm targets maximization of energy recovery and overcomes the limitations of some of the existing contributions for design of mixed integrated systems. The second algorithm provides a network reduction methodology to generate a cadre of integrated designs while exploring the trade‐off between capital (number of heat exchangers and storage units) and operating costs (utility consumption). The proposed framework is illustrated using a benchmark example of two hot and two cold streams. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 63: 55–67, 2018     

Energy integration of industrial sites with heat exchange restrictions

Process integration methods aim at identifying options for heat recovery and optimal energy conversion in industrial processes. This paper introduces a targeting method, which includes heat exchange restrictions between process sub-systems. The problem is formulated as a MILP (mixed integer linear programming) problem, which considers not only restricted matches but also the optimal integration of intermediate heat transfer units and the energy conversion system, like heat pumping and combined heat and power production. Moreover a new mathematical formulation is presented to chose optimal heat transfer technologies. For solutions avoiding the energy penalty, the composite curves of optimal heat transfer units have to be embedded between the new generated hot and cold envelope composite curves. The application of the method is illustrated through an industrial example from the pulp and paper industry.     

SePTA—A new numerical tool for simultaneous targeting and design of heat exchanger networks

Pinch Analysis is an established insight-based methodology for design of energy-efficient processes. The Composite Curves (CCs) is a popular Pinch Analysis tool to target the minimum energy requirements. An alternative to the CCs is a numerical technique known as the Problem Table Algorithm (PTA). The PTA however, does not show individual hot and cold streams heat cascades and cannot be used for design of heat exchanger networks (HEN). This paper introduces the Segregated Problem Table Algorithm (SePTA) as a new numerical tool for simultaneous targeting and design of a HEN. SePTA shows profiles of heat cascade across temperature intervals for individual hot and cold streams, and can be used to simultaneously locate pinch points, calculate utility targets and perform SePTA Heat Allocation (SHA). The SHA can be represented on a new SePTA Network Diagram (SND) that graphically shows a heat exchanger network together with the amount of heat exchange on a temperature interval scale. This paper also shows that SePTA and SND can be a vital combination of numerical and graphical visualisation tools for targeting and design of complex HENs involving stream splitting, threshold problems and multiple pinches.