深化化工原理教学体系改革促进教学质量提高

本文分析了化工原理教学体系改革的必要性,从理论教学体系、实践性教学体系以及教师工程素养等方面提出了改革的初步方案。通过更新教学内容,改革教学方法、教学手段和考核方式等方面完善理论教学体系;通过引入仿真实验加强实验教学,强化计算机辅助设计提高课程设计质量,利用生产实习延伸课程体系等方法来改革实践性教学体系,提高教学质量,强化学生的工程素养。     

基于OBE理念的石油钻井生产实习教学改革研究

钻井生产实习是石油工程专业重要的实践教学环节,实习效果直接影响学生的培养质量。针对目前钻井生产实习中存在的以校外实习为主,学生动手操作少,缺少有效的实习指导书,考核评价体系不完善等问题,石油钻井生产实习教学应采取科学设计实习计划、合理安排实习内容、编制有效实习指导书、创新考核方式等相应的解决措施,提高学生实习效果,保证学生培养质量,同时为其他石油院校的钻井生产实习改革提供借鉴。     

化工仿真生产实习教学体系的构建与实践

结合我校的化工仿真实验教学,从仿真实习的理论教学、上机操作设置以及考核形式等出发,围绕怎样提高生产实习教学质量和学生综合素质,探讨了化工专业仿真实习的教学体系构建与实践。     

化工仪表自动化专业实践教学考核体系的规范

实践教学考核体系是实践教学体系的重要内容,是检验职业能力培养成效的主要途径。本文论述了化工仪表及自动化专业实习考核体系建设规范的指导思想,提出了对化工仪表及自动化专业课程改革的具体措施和尝试。构建系统、科学、有效的考核体系对于提高该专业教学实习质量具有重要作用。从化工仪表自动化专业教学实习的考核原则、考核内容、考核方法、实施细则、考核结果反馈等方面进行了系统论述。研究结果在本院的教学实习中进行了实践应用并取得了良好效果。     

安全工程专业实习改革

本文在滨州学院安全工程专业当前的实习教学体系背景下,分别指出金工实习、认识实习、生产实习与毕业实习教学过程中存在的问题,并提出分小组排名、现场问答、组长负责制、企业微信考核、校内培训等整改措施,使学生将所学专业知识应用到实践,对知识产生更好的理性认识,培养我校高水平应用型人才。     

提升水泥工艺专业生产实习效果的探讨与实践

生产实习是高校实践性教学环节的重要组成部分,为提升水泥工艺专业学生的实习效果,本文首先剖析了影响教学质量的各种因素,然后提出以下改进措施:提高指导教师的实践能力,提高现场实习效果,改进实习教学方法,联系合适的企业,改革实习考核方式。通过在水泥企业的实践表明,上述措施对生产实习教学效果有较明显的提升作用。     

过程机械拆装实训纳入过控专业毕业实习环节的探讨

阐明了工科院校过程装备与控制工程专业学生毕业实习教学体系改革的必要性,探讨了将过程机械拆装实训纳入毕业实习教学体系改革的内容和基本思路,进一步研究了拆装实训实施的方法和考核手段,提出了提高学生工程意识、培养学生实践能力的重要性。     

深化改革,精心管理,提高化工生产实习教学质量

生产实习是工科专业教学过程中的一个重要实践教学环节,周密的安排和管理是圆满完成生产实习的关键。本文从学校重视、安全问题、加强厂校联系、调动学生的积极性、提高带队教师素质及实习的考核等方面进行了探讨,以期在今后的实习中取得更好的效果。     

安全工程专业实习改革

本文在滨州学院安全工程专业当前的实习教学体系背景下,分别指出金工实习、认识实习、生产实习与毕业实习教学过程中存在的问题,并提出分小组排名、现场问答、组长负责制、企业微信考核、校内培训等整改措施,使学生将所学专业知识应用到实践,对知识产生更好的理性认识,培养我校高水平应用型人才。     

化工专业新型实习教学体系的构建与实施

化工专业实习是化工专业本科生培养的重要环节。实习基地不稳固、实习教育主体积极性不高及管理评价体制不完善等问题是目前化工专业实习教学面临的挑战。鉴于此,文章从建立实习基地、组建教师团队、培养学生兴趣和完善管理考核等方面介绍了浙江大学化工专业新型实习教学体系的构建和实施情况,以及面向实践、突出应用的实习教学体系所取得的显著成效。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。