压铸镁合金AZ91D高周疲劳性能研究

研究了压铸镁合金AZ91D在应力比R=0．1条件下的高周疲劳性能。结果表明：AZ91D压铸镁合金的室温条件疲劳强度在应力比R=0．1时大约相当于其抗拉强度的44％；AZ91D合金内部的一些缺陷如夹杂等，容易引起应力集中，从而导致裂纹的萌生；AZ91D合金的疲劳断口可以观察到3个典型区域：疲劳源区、疲劳裂纹扩展区和瞬断区。疲劳裂纹扩展区的疲劳裂纹不明显，疲劳断口呈现出准解理断口的形貌。     

Korrosionsermüdung von Aluminium- und Magnesium-Gußlegierungen

Corrosion fatigue of cast aluminium- and cast magnesium alloys The fatigue properties of the aluminium cast alloys AlSi7Mg and AlSi10Mg, magnesium high pressure die-cast AZ91 hp and AM60 hp, as well as low-pressure permanent mould casting AZ91 hp were determined at numbers of cycles to failure between 10⁵ and 10⁹ in ambient air and in saltwater spray. The investigations were performed at constant amplitudes and in addition at varying load amplitudes for aluminium cast alloy AlSi10Mg and low-pressure permanent mould casting AZ91 hp with a high-frequency testing facility (20 kHz ultrasound). The SN-curves of the aluminium cast alloys and of the magnesium low-pressure permanent mould casting are steeper in corrosive environment than in laboratory air. No endurance limit could be detected up to 10⁹ cycles in both environments. The magnesium high pressure die-cast alloys do not have an endurance limit in saltwater spray, whereas an endurance limit could be detected in laboratory air. The life time curves for in-service loading conditions are about parallel to the SN-curves for ambient air, but steeper for corrosive environment. The reason for the reduced fatigue properties in corrosive environment are accelerated crack initiation and higher crack propagation rates. Material defects may lead to a large scatter of the fatigue data for testing in air as well as in saltwater spray. Corrosion pits are formed on the surface of both light-weight alloys at higher number of cycles. They become crack initiation sites.     

压铸稀土镁合金高周疲劳试验研究

采用升降法对AZ91D、AZ91D 1?和AZ91D 2?压铸镁合金室温高周疲劳行为进行了试验研究。结果表明:适量稀土Ce的添加能够使压铸镁合金AZ91D的室温拉伸性能和疲劳强度得到提高;利用升降法计算出3种成分合金在应力比R=0.1、循环基数为107下的条件疲劳极限分别为96.7 MPa1、16.3 MPa和105.5 MPa,相当于其抗拉强度的46%左右;合金的疲劳断口呈现出准解理与韧窝断裂的混合特征。     

Purification technology of AZ91 magnesium alloy wastes

1　INTRODUCTIONBecausemagnesiumalloyhastheadvantagesoflowdensity ,highspecificstrengthandrigidity ,ex cellentdampingeffect,goodtolerancetoimpact ,ex cellentmachinabilityandpolishingability[1,2 ] ,itiswidelyusedinthefieldsofautomobilemanufactur ing ,aviationandspaceflight,communication ,opticinstrumentsandcomputermanufacturing[35] .How ever ,theyieldofmagnesiumalloyislowinthepro ductionofdiecasting .Atpresent ,theutilizationra tiocanonlybeabout 30 % 5 0 % .Intheprocessofdiecasting ,alargeq…     

超声振动制备流变铸造AZ91镁合金浆料的微观组织和性能

研究AZ91镁合金流变铸造的微观组织和力学性能。采用超声振动方法和压铸成型制备镁合金半固态浆料。结果表明：由于超声振动的空化、声流效应,在成核阶段获得细小圆整的初生a-Mg颗粒;随着超声振动时问延长,初生a-Mg颗粒的固相体积分数和平均尺寸增大,但形状系数基本不变,为0．7;在液相线以下温度附近超声振动6min可获得最佳的AZ91镁合金半固态浆料,其压铸后的拉伸强度和伸长率分别是248MPa和7．4％。流变铸造AZ91镁合金的断裂机制是韧性断裂。     

原位反应自发渗透法TiC／AZ91D镁基复合材料及AZ91D镁合金的拉伸变形与断裂行为

利用原位反应自发渗透技术合成了47．5％碳化钛TiC（体积分数，下同）增强AZ91D镁基复合材料，对比研究了该复合材料与铸态镁合金AZ91D基体的室温与高温拉伸变形行为，观察了拉伸断口微观组织形貌，并分析了这两种材料的断裂特征。结果表明，TiC／Mg复合材料具有良好的高温力学性能，在拉伸变形速率为0．001s^-1以及温度为723K，时其拉伸强度可达91．1MPa，而此时相同变形条件下的铸态AZ91D镁合金拉伸断裂强度只有41．1MPa，增幅达120％。而在室温下，镁基复合材料的拉伸断裂强度仅高出基体铸态镁合金23．4％。镁基复合材料的断裂应变较低，高低温时均表现为脆性断裂；而镁合金则由室温下的脆性断裂向高温下的韧性断裂过渡。     

7075铝合金对AZ91镁合金组织和性能的影响

为了研究7075铝合金对AZ91镁合金组织与性能的影响,采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、X 射线衍射仪、万能材料试验机研究了AZ91镁合金的显微组织与力学性能。结果表明：向AZ91镁合金中加入7075铝合金可使该合金的铸态组织明显细化,当7075铝合金含量超过4%（质量分数,下同）时,AZ91镁合金铸态组织中Mg17Al12相数量明显减少,并且组织中生成了Al6Mn新相。合金抗拉强度与延伸率随着7075铝合金加入量的增加而提高,当7075铝合金的加入达到4%,其抗拉强度与延伸率达到最大值,分别为186 MPa和8.2%     

触变成型镁合金铸件热处理显微组织的演变

通过金相显微镜、SEM及XRD等观察手段研究了触变成型AZ91D镁合金铸件固溶、时效处理时显微组织的演变。结果表明:触变成型AZ91D镁合金在415℃时固溶处理时β相溶解入α-Mg固溶体的速度比高压压铸的快。在固溶处理初期,铝元素从β相扩散至块状初生α-Mg相,导致块状初生α-Mg晶粒周围形成富铝晕圈。时效处理时,触变成型铸件在5h左右硬度达到峰值,高压压铸铸件在12h左右达到峰值。触变成型铸件时效析出方式存在片层状不连续析出和针状连续析出两种。     

AZ91D+xNd压铸镁合金拉伸和疲劳断裂模式

压铸AZ91D镁合金中添加稀土Nd后,生成了新的稀土化合物Al11Nd3相,合金显微组织得到细化,力学性能得到提高,但是当Nd的添加量达到1.5%时,合金的力学性能又有所下降。AZ91D xNd合金拉伸断口具有准解理、撕裂棱及韧窝等韧性特征,但其断裂方式仍属于脆性断裂。含Nd的AZ91D合金疲劳裂纹萌生于试样的表面或亚表面下的孔隙或夹杂处,疲劳裂纹扩展区为平面状断面,含1.0%Nd合金的疲劳辉纹最为清晰,疲劳断口主要表现为脆性与韧性的混合断裂方式,局部存在准解理台阶与河流花样以及穿晶型和沿晶型二次裂纹。     

硼酸镁晶须增强镁基复合材料高温蠕变性能

通过高温蠕变试验并对微观组织及蠕变断口形貌进行了观察,研究了硼酸镁晶须增强镁基复合材料在高温下的蠕变性能.结果表明,高温对AZ91D合金的抗蠕变性能具有很大的影响.硼酸镁晶须增强镁基复合材料在300℃、30 MPa下的蠕变寿命达到了约24 h,而基体合金只有6 h,说明硼酸镁品须对基体合金的增强作用明显.硼酸镁晶须增强镁基复合材料比基体镁合金的蠕变速率低2～3个数量级.发现了沿晶滑移和由于晶须拔出导致与基体结合的松动而产生的部分镁合金整体脱落是复合材料蠕变破坏的主要原因.     

MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF AZ91D EXTRUDED TUBE

The effect of extrusion ratio on microstruetures and mechanical properties of magnesium alloy AZ91D extruded tube at 430℃ has been studied. After the evolution of microstracture and mechanical properties of AZ91D during extrusion were studied, the following parameters were obtained： tensile strength reached the climax value of 306.9MPa and elongation peak value of 10.1% at an extrusion ratio of 7.125, and with the increase of the extrusion ratio to 7.45, yield strength reached a top value of 285.795MPa with decreased tensile strength and elongation. It was concluded that mechanical properties of magnesium alloys AZ91D could be enhanced by adjusting the extrusion ratio near recrystallization.     

Fatigue behavior of magnesium alloy and application in auto steering wheel frame

The low-cycle fatigue behaviors of AZ91HP-F,AZ91HP-T6,AZ91HP-T4 and AM50HP-F were investigated,and the potential application of AM50HP-F in steering wheel frame was studied.The steering wheel properties were characterized by bend fatigue and tensile testing,and the fatigue fracture was analyzed by SEM.The results show that the fatigue lives of AZ91HP-F and AZ91HP-T6 have little difference by comparing the low-cycles fatigue properties of different heat treatment states.The crack propagation velocity of A...     

多向锻造对汽车用AZ80镁合金组织及性能的影响

为了改善铸态AZ80镁合金组织和性能,对均匀化处理的铸态AZ80镁合金进行了多向锻造试验,并采用金相分析、EBSD(电子背散射衍射)分析和拉伸试验等方法,进行了显微组织和力学性能的测试与分析.结果表明:与锻造前相比,多向锻造后的AZ80镁合金的平均晶粒尺寸减小了约76 μm、抗拉强度增加了66 MPa、屈服强度增加了7...     

含1%混合稀土压铸镁合金的高周疲劳性能

研究含混合稀土1%(质量分数)的压铸镁合金AZ91D在应力比r=0.1的高周疲劳性能。组织分析表明,压铸镁合金试样的表面层和心部的显微组织存在差别。室温条件下抗拉强度为185 MPa,屈服强度为159 MPa,延伸率为1.5%。测试存活率p=50%的p-S-N曲线,结果显示在3.8×105循环周次时的疲劳强度为70 MPa,得出在循环周次103~106之间,p=50%时,S与Np的关系式为lgNp=17.85–6.83lgS。在较低的应力下,一些疲劳试样断口出现擦痕,当缺陷较小时,疲劳断口表现为韧窝、撕裂棱、疲劳条带等韧性断口和准解理的混合特征,属于具有较低韧性的材料。     

Microstructure and Elevated Temperature Properties of Die-cast AZ91-<Emphasis Type="Italic">x</Emphasis>Nd Magnesium Alloys

The effect of Nd addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of a die-cast AZ91 alloy was investigated in the present work. The results show that the die-cast AZ91 alloy is composed of α-Mg matrix and γ-Mg₁₇Al₁₂ phase. Nd addition into the AZ91 alloy leads to the formation of rare earth containing intermetallic phase. Al₄Nd phase forms when Nd content is less than or equal to 1.0 wt.%. Al₂Nd phase appears simultaneously when Nd content reaches to 3.0 wt.%. The size and volume fraction of γ-Mg₁₇Al₁₂ phase decrease, because of the newly formed Al-Nd phase. And the γ-Mg₁₇Al₁₂ phase distributes from reticular to dispersive. Nd addition has a little effect on the room temperature properties of the die-cast AZ91 alloy, but greatly improves the elevated temperature properties. The tensile strength of AZ91-0.5Nd and AZ91-1.0Nd alloy tested at 150 °C is even close to the room temperature strength. The AZ91-1.0Nd alloy has the optimal properties.     

Improving the fatigue property of welded joints for AZ31 magnesium alloy by ultrasonic peening treatment

The fatigue property of AZ31 magnesium alloy and its TIG welded joints were investigated. The ultrasonic peening treatment (UPT) was used to improve the fatigue property of the TIG welded joints, which was treated at the weld toe by the UPT process. The test results show that the fatigue strength of the base metal of AZ31 magnesium alloys is 57.8 MPa, and those of the fillet joint and the transverse cross joint are respectively 20.0 MPa and 17.2 MPa at 2×106 cycles. The fatigue strengths of two kinds of welded joints treated by the UPT are respectively 30.3 MPa and 24.7 MPa, which have been improved by 51.5% and 43.6%, respectively. The fatigue life of the fillet joint specimens is prolonged by about 2.74 times and the fatigue life of the transverse cross joint specimens is prolonged by about 1.05 times when the stress range is at 40.0 MPa.     

微弧氧化对AZ91D镁合金力学性能的影响

利用扫描电镜观察AZ91D镁合金微弧氧化膜形貌,通过静拉伸试验和疲劳试验研究微弧氧化后AZ91D镁合金试件的抗拉强度和疲劳性能,借助体视显微镜和扫描电镜观察疲劳断口形貌。结果表明,微弧氧化陶瓷膜内层致密,具有良好的韧性,并且与基体结合强度高,微弧氧化处理对 AZ91D镁合金的抗拉强度没有影响。微弧氧化处理后,在均值S_m=4.72 kN、幅值S_a=3.15 kN、应力比R=0.2、载荷为等幅谱及频率为10 Hz疲劳试验条件下,AZ91D 镁合金的平均疲劳寿命为54148次循环,与化学氧化处理相当。     

Fatigue property comparison of TIG welded joints of magnesium alloy and aluminum alloy

The fatigue properties of the TIG welded joints of both AZ31B magnesium alloy and 5A06 aluminum alloy were investigated.The four types of welded joints were used in fatigue tests,such as butt joints,transverse cross joints,fillet joints and lateral connecting joints.The fatigue strengths at 2×10~6 cycles of the four welded joints of AZ31B magnesium alloy are 39.0 MPa,24.4 MPa,32.1 MPa and 24.2 MPa,which are 55.0%,42.2%,78.0% and 50.2% of that of 5A06 aluminum alloy,respectively.The fatigue strength levels at slope m=3 of the aluminum alloy's welded joints are mostly higher than the FAT recommended by the International Institute of Welding (IIW),while those of the magnesium alloy's welded joints are all lower than the FAT.It is indicated that the FAT of magnesium alloy's welded joints should be established as early as possible in order to be applied in the design of magnesium alloy's welded structures.     

Non-flux purification behavior of AZ91 magnesium alloy

The effects of non-flux purification techniques on the mechanical properties and microstructure of AZ91 magnesium alloy were investigated by ICP,OM,XRD and SEM.The results show that Ar spraying with high flow rate could remove non-metallic inclusions and improve the mechanical properties of AZ91.The alloy obtains the best properties after argon spraying for 30 min at the melt temperature of 740 °C.The ceramic foam filter(CFF) could effectively improve the ultimate tensile strength and elongation of AZ91 alloy,especially the elongation,which increase with increasing pores per inch(ppi) and the thickness of CFF.Non-flux purification does not change the microstructure of AZ91 alloy.However,filtration has a certain effect on the fracture pattern of AZ91 alloy.To improve the mechanical properties effectively,both filtration and gas spraying should be utilized together.     

混合稀土对压铸AZ91D合金的组织及力学性能的影响

研究了不同添加量的混合稀土对压铸AZ91D合金的组织和力学性能的影响。添加混合稀土后,常温力学性能没有明显改善。在100℃时,混合稀土含量为0.4%的压铸AZ91D合金的力学性能与不含混合稀土的试样几乎相等。在170℃时,混合稀土含量为0.4%的压铸AZ91D合金的抗拉强度、屈服强度及伸长率分别为206MPa、142MPa、26%,比不含混合稀土的压铸AZ91D试样的力学性能分别提高15.7%、10%及30%。这是因为添加适量的混合稀土后,形成热稳定性较高的强化相,增加了位错滑移阻力并阻碍裂纹扩展,镁基体中稀土元素起到固溶强化作用,从而提高镁合金的高温抗拉强度。