Ni-P-SiC-MoS2化学复合镀工艺

研究了Ni-P-SiC-MoS2化学复合镀工艺,给出了化学复合镀液成分及实验方案,讨论了温度及表面活性剂质量浓度对化学复合镀速、镀层与基体的结合强度和镀层硬度的影响。实验结果表明,当施镀温度为90°C,表面活性剂质量浓度为60mg/L时,镀速最快,镀层与基体的结合强度较好,镀层显微硬度可达684HV。     

专利实例

非导体镀前处理两则2007301非导电基体镀前预处理工艺该发明提出了一种非导电基体电镀前的表面准备工艺,该工艺为:欲电镀的非导电基体去污后,将其与一种复合溶液相接触,该复合溶液有两个作用,1)中和由去污步骤带入的残余的高锰酸盐;2)在基体表面上镀覆一种牺牲镀层。将镀覆牺牲     

杂环硅烷自组装膜改性的聚丙烯表面镀铜研究

通过在电晕放电处理的聚丙烯(PP)表面自组装6-(3-三乙氧基硅基丙基氨)-1,3,5-三嗪-2,4-二硫醇单钠盐(TES)纳米膜后,进行了化学镀铜研究。考察了施镀温度、镀液pH值对镀速的影响,施镀时间对镀层厚度的影响,确定了最优工艺参数。在优化的工艺条件下制备镀层,用扫描电镜对镀层的形貌进行分析,并做了粘接性能测试。结果表明:最佳工艺为施镀温度为50℃,pH为13,施镀时间为50 min。采用此优化工艺条件制备的镀层,表观光亮,均匀致密,与基体结合力良好。     

施镀时间对SiCp/Al复合材料化学镀Ni-P镀层的影响

采用化学镀的方法在激光选区熔化（SLM）技术成型的SiCp/Al复合材料表面制备了Ni-P镀层，研究了施镀时间对镀层的表面形貌、截面厚度、沉积速率、相结构和显微硬度的影响。结果表明：化学镀0.5～12 h时，镀层都呈胞状形貌，且呈非晶态结构，为高磷镀层；随着施镀时间的延长，胞状组织逐渐变大，表面逐渐致密，镀层厚度逐渐增大，但增长速率越来越小，显微硬度先增大后趋于稳定。施镀时间为8 h时的镀层表面平整、致密、连续，厚度可达100μm，显微硬度为653.4 HV，镀层与基体结合强度为77.2 N。     

玻璃基体化学镀镍-磷工艺研究

非晶态化学镀玻璃基体可用作计算机磁盘基板针对玻璃表面化学镀镍一磷镀层易出现剥皮、开裂等问题，研究了玻璃基材表面的性质，镍磷合金化学镀层结构、含磷量以及镀层韧性、内应力、结合力等对镀层开裂产生的影响一通过调整镀液成分，优化温度、pH值、施镀时间等工艺参数，获得了玻璃基体化学镀镍一磷的工艺配方     

以铜锡合金为基质的金属陶瓷镀层形成条件及机理

采用循环上流法在焦磷酸盐镀液中可以电沉积Cu—Sn—Al_2O_3和Cu—Sn—SiC复合镀层。对这种镀层的形成条件进行了研究。通过添加剂、镀液的pH值、电流密度、温度、液流速度及镀液中陶瓷微粒的含量等因素对复合镀层中陶瓷微粒含量的影响,可以证实Cu—Sn—Al_2O_3和Cu—Sn—SiC镀层的形成是电化学机理。     

玻璃基体化学镀Ni-P合金

通过调整镀液成分,优化温度、pH、施镀时间等工艺参数,获得了在玻璃基体沉积光亮Ni-P合金镀层的化学镀工艺;分析了镀层含磷量以及基体表面性质等对镀层光亮度和结合力的影响;性能测试结果证明镀层有较好的光亮度和结合力,磷的质量分数为10%~11%。     

Ni-P施镀时间对化学复合镀Ni-P/Ni-P-PTFE双镀层性能的影响

采用中磷和高磷两种镀液在30CrMn合金钢基体上依次进行化学镀得到Ni-P/Ni-PPTFE双镀层。研究了Ni-P施镀时间对化学复合镀Ni-P/Ni-P-PTFE双镀层性能的影响。结果表明:随着Ni-P施镀时间的延长,双层镀的表面形貌更加致密、均匀,镀速加快,硬度提高;双镀层在3.5%的NaCl溶液中的自腐蚀电位先正移后负移,自腐蚀电流密度先减小后增大;当Ni-P施镀时间为60min时,双镀层的耐蚀性最佳。     

基于T-S模糊神经网络模型的Co-WC复合镀层磨损量的预测

在高速钢(W18Cr4V基体上)表面,运用脉冲电沉积技术制取Co-WC镀层。建立T-S模糊神经网络模型预测镀层磨损量。利用SEM以及XRD研究镀层形貌及物相组成。试验表明:T-S模型的模糊神经网络能较好的预测Co-WC复合镀层磨损量。当WC粒子含量30 g/L、施镀温度50℃、电流密度3.5 A·dm~(-2)、pH值5、搅拌速率500 r·min~(-1),稀土CeO_2含量10 g/L,Co-WC复合镀层表面平整,晶粒细化,改善了Co-WC复合镀层的性能。     

钢铁基体酒石酸盐碱性无氰镀铜

以酒石酸盐为络合剂,胺化合物为辅助络合剂,研究钢铁基体上碱性无氰镀铜工艺,探讨了搅拌、镀液温度、pH、ρ(Cu2+)和添加剂对镀层外观的影响.考察了镀液的深镀能力和抗Fe2+、Fe3+、Zn2+及Sn4+杂质能力以及镀层与铁基体的结合力.实验结果表明:可以在宽广的工艺条件下获得光亮的铜镀层;阴极电流效率随温度、pH和ρ(Cu2+)提高而增大,在实验确定的工艺条件下ηκ为82%左右;镀液深镀能力达91%;计时电位曲线试验结果表明,基体上的钝化膜在沉积初期被破坏而处于活化状态,使得铜镀层与钢铁基体有足够的结合力.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。