热挤压及固溶处理对AZ61镁合金组织和性能的影响

研究了不同温度下的热挤压工艺以及后续的固溶热处理对AZ61镁合金显微组织和力学性能的影响.利用扫描电子显微镜观察分析了AZ61镁合金拉伸断口形貌,探讨了其拉伸断裂机制.结果表明,热挤压可以细化晶粒、产生高密度位错从而有效提高合金的力学性能,试验发现在385℃下挤压AZ61镁合金组织均匀,塑性最好.经过热处理之后,370℃下挤压AZ61镁合金的强度有很大提高;385℃下挤压AZ61镁合金强度和塑性下降;400℃下挤压AZ61镁合金的塑性显著提高.     

AZ91D镁合金屑的固相再生(英文)

利用固相再生技术回收利用AZ91D镁合金屑,具体工艺为先冷压再热挤。结果表明:制备的AZ91D镁合金具有较好的力学性能且晶粒明显细化。在热挤出过程中发生了动态再结晶,且动态再结晶组织受到热挤温度和应变速率的影响,在300-350 °C下基面滑移和孪晶协调变形导致动态再结晶晶粒产生,形成"项链"组织;在 350-400 °C下位错的交滑移控制动态再结晶形核;高于400 °C时位错攀移控制了整个动态再结晶过程,形成均匀的再结晶组织。随着应变速率增加AZ91D镁合金力学性能增大,改善了材料的力学性能,但应变速率过大,制备试样表面出现裂纹,影响材料的力学性能。     

挤压变形对MBl5镁合金及组织性能的影响

对MB15镁合金进行热处理，然后进行挤压试验，挤压变形MB15镁合金组织以剪切条纹和细小的α再结晶等轴晶为基本特征。挤压变形可显著地细化镁合金晶粒并提高镁合金的力学性能。随挤压比的增大，晶粒细化程度增加；强度、硬度随挤压比的增大而增大。所制定的工艺合理，挤压出的管材、型材有较好的力学性能。     

复合挤压对Mg-4Sn-2Al-1Zn合金组织及力学性能的影响

针对镁合金室温强度低、塑性差的问题,采用复合挤压工艺在250℃对Mg-4Sn-2Al-1Zn合金进行了挤压,研究了复合挤压对合金的组织演变、织构及力学性能的影响。结果表明,复合挤压能将Mg-4Sn-2Al-1Zn合金的晶粒尺寸由45.2μm细化至3.1μm,组织均匀。挤压后的合金硬度提升,均匀性改善,屈服强度、抗拉强度和断后伸长率分别为204 MPa、287 MPa和21.0%,较匀质态分别提高了140.0%、91.3%和156.1%。动态再结晶是晶粒细化的主要机制,晶粒细化以及挤压后基面织构增强、织构向挤压方向均匀扩展使合金强度、塑性提高,挤压过程中Mg2Sn相破碎进一步提高了合金的力学性能。上述研究表明复合挤压是一种能有效提高镁合金综合性能的工艺。     

封闭锻造挤压镁合金同步提高强度和塑性（英文）

介绍一种用于AZ31镁合金的新型连续塑性工艺,即闭式锻造挤压。采用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、电子背散射衍射和拉伸和压缩试验研究合金微观结构的演变和强化机制。结果表明,该工艺可以促进动态再结晶,消除粗大的未动态再结晶晶粒区域,有效细化晶粒,并提高合金的强度、塑性和各向异性。晶粒细化主要归功于应力,促进再结晶的形核并细化组织。完全再结晶的超细晶组织同时提高了强度和塑性。经过60 s封闭锻造和连续挤压后,合金表现出较高的力学性能,其拉伸屈服强度、抗拉强度、抗压强度、伸长率和屈服不对称性分别为305 MPa、337 MPa、295 MPa、27%和0.97。     

镁合金晶粒细化技术研究进展之二——化学细化技术

由于镁合金的强度及塑性较低而限制了其进一步使用,因此镁合金的晶粒细化成为提高其力学性能手段之一。总结了镁合金晶粒化学细化方法及复合细化方法,并对其晶粒细化的发展前景进行了展望。     

脉冲电流轧制对AZ31镁合金微观组织与力学性能的影响

对比研究脉冲电流轧制工艺与温轧工艺对AZ31镁合金板材的力学性能、织构、微观组织与沉淀相等方面的影响。结果表明：脉冲电流具有促进冷轧AZ31镁合金低温再结晶能力的作用。脉冲电流轧制后的镁合金板材组织由细小的等轴再结晶粒与析出相构成,没有发现孪晶组织,并且完全再结晶,原始晶粒均被细小的再结晶晶粒取代,再结晶晶粒内的位错密度低。而温轧镁合金组织则由稍拉长变形孪晶、粗大的再结晶晶粒和析出相构成,再结晶的晶粒内位错密度高。两种轧制方式下的镁合金析出相均为Mg17Al12。脉冲电流轧制后镁合金的织构具有典型基面织构的特征,而脉冲电流轧制镁合金的织构则出现横向偏转;脉冲电流轧制后镁合金的屈服强度与伸长率均比温轧镁合金的大,但抗拉强度正好相反。     

ICAE对汽车用AZ31镁合金板材组织性能影响实验研究

汽车轻量化需要细化金属晶粒,提高板料综合性能,因而研究并优化模具结构、改善变形过程成为AZ31镁合金板材塑性成形工艺当前的研究内容。提出了减径通道转角(ICAE)挤压工艺。试验研究了ICAE制备的200 mm×2 mm的AZ31镁合金板材组织与性能,结果表明:在ICAE过程中,通过晶粒破碎和动态再结晶可以显著细化合金晶粒,挤压后的平均晶粒尺寸约为2~4μm,且晶粒大小均匀,力学性能较传统方法成形的挤压板材大幅度提高。     

正挤压-扭转剪切变形对镁合金组织与性能的影响

用光学显微镜、X射线衍射仪以及电子万能试验机,研究了正挤压-扭转剪切变形对AZ31、AZ61和AZ80镁合金组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,经正挤压-扭转剪切变形后,镁合金发生了显著的晶粒细化和基面织构弱化,其中：AZ61镁合金发生了充分的动态再结晶,可将晶粒尺寸显著细化至3 μm,随挤压温度的升高,晶粒有所长大,基面织构受位错脱钉作用而进一步弱化。AZ31镁合金在挤压温度为250℃时获得优良的力学性能,其压缩率和抗压强度分别高达29.2%和395 MPa     

挤压比和挤压温度对AZ31镁合金组织性能的影响

研究了AZ31镁合金挤压变形,分析了挤压比和挤压温度对合金组织性能的影响。结果表明,挤压后合金发生了动态再结晶,形成了等轴晶粒,细化了晶粒。随着挤压温度的增大,合金晶粒长大,强度和塑性下降,挤压比增大,合金晶粒细化,强度和延伸率都随着挤压比的增大而增大。在低温与大挤压比的共同作用下,镁合金的韧性有效地得到提高。     

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of AZ31 Mg Alloy Fabricated by Pre-compression and Frustum Shearing Extrusion

The AZ31 Mg alloys were processed by 6% pre-compression and frustum shearing extrusion at various temperatures, and the microstructure, texture and mechanical properties of the resulting alloys are systematically investigated. The results show that the grain size monotonically increases from 6.4 to 12.6 lm and the texture intensity increases from 6.7 to 9.6with the increase in the extrusion temperature. The combining effect of the pre-twinning and the frustum shearing deformation is found to contribute to the development of the weak basal texture in Mg alloys. The Mg alloy sheet produced at the extrusion temperature of 563 K exhibits excellent mechanical properties. The yield strength, ultimate tensile strength and elongation for the extruded alloys are 189.6 MPa, 288.4 MPa and 24.9%, respectively. Such improved mechanical properties are comparable or even superior to those of the alloys subjected to other deformation techniques, rendering the pre-compression and frustum shearing extrusion a promising way for further tailoring properties of Mg alloys.     

Effects of Sb Addition on Microstructural Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Mg–9Al–5Sn Alloy

The Mg–9Al–5Sn-xSb(x=0.0,0.3,0.6,1.0,1.5 wt%) alloys were prepared by a simple alloying process followed by hot extrusion with an extrusion ratio of 28.2. The effects of Sb additions on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the Mg–9 Al–5 Sn alloys were investigated by optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy equipped with an energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer. The results indicated that the phases α-Mg matrix, Mg_2_Sn, Mg_3Sb_2 and Mg_17 Al_12 exist in the as-cast Sb-containing alloys. Sb addition results in the precipitation of Mg_3Sb_2. The dendritic size of these alloys decreases with the addition of Sb. Both their ultimate tensile strength and yield strength of extruded alloys increase, and their elongation decreases gradually with increasing the content of Sb. The better mechanical properties of the as-extruded alloys were achieved due to the refined grains and the formation of dispersive second phases Mg_3Sb_2.     

Effect of Y on microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of Mg−4Li−3Al alloys

To obtain magnesium alloys with a low density and improved mechanical properties, Y element was added into Mg−4Li−3Al (wt.%) alloys, and the effect of Y content on microstructure evolution and mechanical properties was investigated by using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and tensile tests. The results show that mechanical properties of as-cast Mg−4Li−3Al alloys with Y addition are significantly improved as a result of hot extrusion. The best comprehensive mechanical properties are obtained in hot-extruded Mg−4Li−3Al−1.5Y alloy, which possesses high ultimate tensile strength (UTS=248 MPa) and elongation (δ=27%). The improvement of mechanical properties of hot-extruded Mg−4Li−3Al−1.5Y alloy was mainly attributed to combined effects of grain refinement, solid solution strengthening and precipitation strengthening.     

Al-Ti-B-RE细化剂对Al-7．0Si-0．55Mg合金显微组织和力学性能的影响

研究添加Al-5Ti-lB-RE细化剂对Al-7．0Si-0．55Mg（A357）合金的显微组织和力学性能的影响。先利用真空熔炼技术制各Al-7．0Si-0．55Mg合金,然后在Al-7．0Si-0．55Mg合金中加入不同成分的Al-5Ti-1B-RE中间合金。通过X射线衍射仪（XRD）、金相显微镜（OM）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对显微组织和拉伸试样的断口形貌进行观察。在室温下对合金的力学性能进行测试。观察Al-5Ti-1B-RE细化剂的形态以及内部结构,可以发现以TiB,为异质形核核心的TiAl3／Ti2Al20RE的壳层结构相。在Al-7．0Si-0．55Mg合金中加入Al-5Ti-1B-3．0RE细化剂后,抗拉强度会有明显提升,直到0．2％添加量时,抗拉强度会达到峰值。     

镁合金热变形的研究现状

综述了镁合金热变形的研究现状，比较系统地介绍了各种塑性变形工艺（挤压、轧制、冲版等）和热处理工艺对镁合金微观组织及力学性能的影响。通过变形工艺与热处理工艺相结合，可以获得高强度、良好延展性和更多样化性能的镁合金结构材料，因此变形镁合金有望成为本世纪重要的轻金属结构材料。     

Improving Ductility and Anisotropy by Dynamic Recrystallization in Ti/Mg Laminated Metal Composite

Ti/Mg laminated metal composites (LMCs) were processed by hot roll bonding and subsequent annealing at 200 °C and 300 °C for 1 h, and the effect of dynamic recrystallization on the microstructure and anisotropy behavior was investigated in detail. The results revealed that, in both as-rolled and annealed Ti/Mg LMCs, the inhomogeneous distribution in the microstructure of Mg layers near the interface and near the center was related to the effect of friction between the roller and sheet surface and uncoordinated deformation between constituent layers. With increasing annealing temperature, Ti/Mg LMCs exhibited excellent elongation without sacrificing strength properties, which was mainly due to the improvement in bonding strength and the increasing strain gradient at the interface between soft and hard layers after annealing treatment. Besides, the increasing Schmid factors (SFs) of prismatic <  a > slip and pyramidal <  c +  a > slip in Mg layers contributed to the improved plastic deformation ability of Ti/Mg LMCs. The experimental analysis indicated that the presence of Mg alloys resulted in the microstructure and mechanical properties of LMCs were different along various loading directions, and annealing treatment can effectively inhibit the anisotropic behavior of Ti/Mg LMCs resulting from the weakening of basal texture in the Mg layer.     

粉末冶金TiAl基合金显微组织及力学性能的研究

采用粉末冶金方法制备多种成分的ＴｉＡｌ基合金,并研究其显微组织及室温、高温力学性能,结果表明,采用粉末冶金方法能制备成分均匀、显微组织细小的Ｔｉ－Ａｌ－Ｃｒ－Ｎｂ系列合金。添加合金元素对粉末冶金ＴｉＡｌ基合金的显微组织具有显著影响。粉末冶金ＴｉＡｌ基合金的力学性能与其显微组织有密切的关系,显微组织越细小,其室温强度及延性越高,但在高温下,其屈服强度随晶粒尺寸增加而增加。所制备出的Ｔｉ－４７Ａｌ－３     

Friction Stir Processing of Magnesium Alloys:A Review

Magnesium(Mg) alloys have been extensively used in various fields, such as aerospace, automobile, electronics, and biomedical industries, due to their high specific strength and stiff ness, excellent vibration absorption, electromagnetic shielding eff ect, good machinability, and recyclability. Friction stir processing(FSP) is a severe plastic deformation technique, based on the principle of friction stir welding. In addition to introducing the basic principle and advantages of FSP, this paper reviews the studies of FSP in the modification of the cast structure, superplastic deformation behavior, preparation of finegrained Mg alloys and Mg-based surface composites, and additive manufacturing. FSP not only refines, homogenizes, and densifies the microstructure, but also eliminates the cast microstructure defects, breaks up the brittle and network-like phases, and prepares fine-grained, ultrafine-, and nano-grained Mg alloys. Indeed, FSP significantly improves the comprehensive mechanical properties of the alloys and achieves low-temperature and/or high strain rate superplasticity. Furthermore, FSP can produce particle-and fiber-reinforced Mg-based surface composites. As a promising additive manufacturing technique of light metals, FSP enables the additive manufacturing of Mg alloys. Finally, we prospect the future research direction and application with friction stir processed Mg alloys.     

Li对快速凝固Mg96.5Gd2.5Zn1合金微观组织和力学性能的影响

本文考察了快速凝固条件下不同含量Li元素添加对长周期有序结构相增强Mg-Gd-Zn合金微观组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,随着Li元素的添加,铸态合金中Gd、Zn溶质原子在镁基体晶粒中的过饱和度降低、(Mg,Zn)₃Gd晶界析出相增加、镁基体晶粒尺寸减小。而固溶处理后,随着Li含量的增加,合金中14H型长周期堆垛有序结构相(LPSO)的形成受到抑制,同时纳米/亚微米(Mg,Zn)₃Gd颗粒相大量析出,当Li为7.6at. %时合金中无LPSO形成。经热挤压变形后,合金中块状14H相发生扭着分层开裂、层片状14H相发生不同程度溶解、(Mg,Zn)₃Gd相破碎细化、基体发生不同程度再结晶;不加Li的Mg_96.5Gd_2.5Zn₁表现出最佳的力学性能(UTS=325,δ=9.5%),而含Li合金则随Li含量的增加,力学性能逐步下降。合金在不同条件下的组织转变机理及力学行为变化被进行了分析。     

Effects of processing parameters on liquation cracking of 6005A alloy weldments

The effects of the characteristic microstructure developed in extruded 6005A alloys on tensile properties, fatigue strength, and liquation cracking in the heat affected zone of weldments were investigated. An in-situ observation of the grain growth occurring in the sample was made with an optical microscope with a hot stage to determine the temperature of the excessive grain growth during extrusion. The extruded samples were heat treated under various conditions and welded using a gas metal are welding process. The results indicated that liquation occurred mainly at coarse grain boundaries and significantly influencing the mechanical properties of the joint.