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以钛片为基底,Sn O2+Sb2O5为中间层,自制氧化铅电极用于苯酚的电化学降解。试验结果表明,自制电极具有良好的苯酚去除效果:在室温为15℃,电极间距为15 mm,电流密度为16 m A/cm2,苯酚溶液p H为6.3,导电介质Na2SO4浓度为0.25 mol/L时,电解300 m L初始质量浓度为100 mg/L的苯酚,4 h后去除率可达91.89%。研究降解过程中苯酚初始浓度、p H、导电介质、电流密度、电极间距等因素对苯酚降解过程的影响。在此基础上对苯酚降解影响较大的初始浓度、p H、电流密度3个因素优化,通过响应曲面分析交互影响和单因素影响,结果表明,三者交互影响不大,苯酚初始浓度影响最大,p H影响最小,与单因素影响分析结果吻合。 相似文献
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对以空气扩散电极为阴极,铁板为阳极的电化学体系降解苯酚模拟废水进行了研究。采用分光光度法测定苯酚浓度,研究了pH值、电解时间和电流密度对苯酚去除率的影响。结果表明,电芬顿体系对含酚废水有很强的降解能力,初始浓度为300 mg/L的苯酚溶液,在电流密度20 mA/cm2条件下电解180 min,苯酚去除率99.5%,COD(Chemical Oxygen Demand)去除率85.1%。 相似文献
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采用热分解方法制备了铈掺杂钛基电极,并以铈掺杂钛基电极为阳极,纯钛板为阴极组成电解池,以苯酚为目标有机污染物进行降解,采用高效液相色谱法检测苯酚的含量。讨论了Ce的掺杂量、电解池中电极间距、电解电压、电解质溶液的pH、电解质浓度、目标物的浓度以及电解时间对苯酚去除率的影响。结果表明该电解池降解苯酚废水的最佳条件:SnCl4·5Hz0、SbCl3、Ce(NO3),物质的量比为100:10:1、电极间距为4.0cm、电解电压为9V、pH为6.55、电解质NaSO。浓度为10g/L、苯酚浓度为100mg/L、电解时间为6h。在最佳试验条件下苯酚去除率达到100%,完全符合排污标准GB8978--1996,该电极持续使用10d,对苯酚的去除率仍然可以达到85%,降解苯酚的机理趋于直接燃烧。 相似文献
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选用掺硼金刚石(BDD)电极作为阳极、不锈钢电极阴极,对酸性橙II染料废水进行电化学降解研究。讨论了电解质、电流密度、溶液pH、初始浓度等工艺参数对酸性橙II降解速率的影响,对降解过程中染料分子的矿化进行了监测分析,并且考察了不同初始浓度下电解过程中的表观电流效率。结果表明,溶液中存在氯离子有助于酸性橙II的快速降解;以硫酸钠为电解质时,高电流密度和碱性pH环境有助于提高酸性橙II降解速率。电化学降解过程中,BDD电极可以迅速的破坏染料分子显色基团使其褪色,并无选择性的矿化各种中间产物。随着电解反应的持续进行,表观电流效率逐渐降低;污染物浓度越高,电解过程中电流效率越高。在初始浓度50 mg/L、氯化钠添加量0.01 mol/L、电流密度10 mA/cm2、初始pH 6.5左右的条件下,酸性橙II在30 min内被完全降解,120 min后TOC去除率达到96%。 相似文献
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以吡啶模拟废水为目标污染物,研究了ATO-Nd-DSA电极降解吡啶的最佳工艺条件和氧化行为。结果表明:初始pH为14,电极间距2.0 cm,电解质Na_2SO_4浓度为0.25 mol/L,电流密度为30 mA/cm~2,初始质量浓度为1000 mg/L,降解120 min后,去除率可达到56.8%;吡啶降解体系的电流效率可达20.65%;吡啶在Nd-ATO-DSA电极表面的降解过程基本遵循动力学一级方程;Nd-ATO-DSA电极上的电化学氧化是一个表面控制下的不可逆电极反应过程。 相似文献
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Ti/IrO2-Pt电极电化学降解酸性橙Ⅱ染料废水研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究采用Ti/IrO2-Pt电极为阳极,对酸性橙Ⅱ染料废水进行电化学降解研究.讨论了电解质、电流密度、溶液pH等工艺条件对酸性橙Ⅱ降解的影响,对污染物的电化学降解过程进行了分析,并通过重复试验和电极表面形态比较等手段对电极耐用性进行了考察.结果表明,以氯化钠为电解质有助于酸性橙Ⅱ的快速降解;加大氯化钠添加量和电流密度能缩短降解时间,但过高的电流密度会引起溶液中氯含量的流失;中性pH更有利于酸性橙Ⅱ的降解.电化学降解过程中,Ti/Ir·O2-Pt电极可将各种中间产物无选择性的同步矿化.在氯化钠浓度为0.005 mol·L-1、电流密度10mA·cm2,初始pH为6.8的条件下,质量浓度为50 mg·L-1的酸性橙Ⅱ在30 min内被完全降解,电解2h后TOC去除率达到45%左右. 相似文献
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乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)是十分重要的化工中间体,其下游产品较多。江苏某化工厂开发生产乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品三十多个,年生产规模三万多吨,是国内以乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)为中间体生产精细化学品的综合骨干企业。针对乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水特点,该厂结合企业实际,开展了产品优化,结构调整,清洁生产,资源循环利用,节水降耗等工作,从源头削减了污染物的生产。同时投资二千多万元新建预处理装置三套,6000m3/d废水生化处理装置一套,使全厂乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品的废水得到了有效的治理。 相似文献
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D. G. Gordeev L. F. Gudarenko M. V. Zhernokletov V. G. Kudel’kin M. A. Mochalov 《Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves》2008,44(2):177-189
A semi-empirical equation of state for metals is described. Its capabilities are demonstrated by the example of the equation
of state for aluminum. New experimental data are presented on the location of the isentrope of aluminum for unloading from
the state at p = 229.71 GPa on the shock adiabat to an aerogel (SiO2) of density 0.08 g/cm3.
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Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 61–75, March–April, 2008. 相似文献
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Jorge Marcelo Romero Soledad Bustillo Hugo Enrique Ramirez Maisuls Nelly Lidia Jorge Manuel Eduardo Gómez Vara Eduardo Alberto Castro Alicia H. Jubert 《International journal of molecular sciences》2007,8(7):688-694
A thermochemical rather simple experimental technique is applied to determine the enthalpy of formation of Diperoxide of ciclohexanone. The study is complemented with suitable theoretical calculations at the semiempirical and ab initio levels. A particular satisfactory agreement between both ways is found for the ab initio calculation at the 6–311G basis This set level. Some possible extensions of the present procedure are pointed out. 相似文献
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A perturbation viscometer is a differential capillary viscometer that measures the logarithmic viscosity gradient of the viscosity-composition curve for gas mixtures. Measurements are made at different gas mixture compositions. Integration of the logarithmic viscosity gradients measured over the full composition range gives the mixture viscosity relative to the viscosity of one of the pure components of the gas mixture. This method is attractive because, for measurements of equal precision, integration of the gradients is potentially an order of magnitude more precise than measurement of the viscosities directly. It can also work at high and low temperatures and perhaps high pressures.The perturbation viscometer has been used to make measurements on ideal gas mixtures at ambient and elevated temperatures. The situation is more complicated when the gas mixtures are non-ideal. Extra effects due to density differences, molar volume change on mixing and differential thermal expansion may be measured in addition to the desired viscosity change producing systematic errors in the results. Thus, a more sophisticated apparatus is required. The standard perturbation viscometer has been modified to separate out the extra effects to permit measurement of the true change in viscosity. In addition, the theoretical operation of the modified apparatus has been revised to account for the design changes to permit calculation of the viscosity-composition profiles from the results.The apparatus has been tested using helium-HFC-125 mixtures and two new viscosity-composition profiles are presented for these mixtures at 23 and . Internal consistency tests have been used to confirm that the data produced are of high quality with an estimated uncertainty in the viscosity ratio data at of 0.9% and at of 1.5%. 相似文献
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醋酸纤维素取代基分布与性质的关系 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
分析了以吡啶为溶剂的醋酸纤维素的13C-NMR核磁共振谱,得出了三种不同位置羟基的取代度。结合X—射线和DSC分析,初步说明具有相同取代度但未经水解和经过水解的醋酸纤维素(CA) 性质上的差异是由于三个羟基上的取代度分布不同及消晶程度差异所致。 相似文献