THE STUDY OF SAMPLING ERRORS IN FACTOR ANALYSIS BY MEANS OF ARTIFICIAL EXPERIMENTS.

2 POINTS OF VIEW ABOUT FACTOR ANALYSIS ARE OFFERED: (1) THE STATISTICAL, IN WHICH SAMPLING FLUCTUATIONS ARE THE RESULT OF THE SAMPLING OF PERSONS, AND (2) THE PSYCHOMETRIC, IN WHICH INDETERMINACIES RESULTING FROM FLUCTUATIONS IN WHAT IS MEASURED ARE EMPHASIZED. SEVERAL STUDIES SUGGEST THAT THE STANDARD ERROR OF A FACTOR LOADING DUE TO THE SAMPLING OF PERSONS IS ABOUT N-$M$UQ. THIS IS APPROXIMATELY TRUE FOR ANALYTICALLY ROTATED FACTORS. IT IS MORE NEARLY TRUE FOR LEAST-SQUARES ROTATIONS TO THE POPULATION, BUT THIS GENERALIZATION IS LIMITED BY THE LACK OF CONTROL OF THE ANGLES OF SEPARATION AMONG THE ROTATED FACTORS IN THE SAMPLE. EVIDENCE IS GIVEN CONCERNING THE INFLUENCE OF TYPE OF FACTORING, SIZE OF LOADING, AND METHOD OF FACTORING. THE DETERMINATION OF THE NUMBER OF FACTORS IS DISCUSSED. EVIDENCE FROM STUDIES OF PSYCHOMETRIC ERROR IS ALSO PRESENTED. (39 REF.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

SENSORY ADAPTATION AND BEHAVIORAL COMPENSATION WITH SPATIALLY TRANSFORMED VISION AND HEARING.

SPATIAL TRANSFORMATIONS OF PERCEIVED SPACE ARE ANALYZED IN TERMS OF ANGULAR AND PARALLEL MODIFICATIONS OF THE MEDIAN, HORIZONTAL, AND FRONTAL PLANES OF O, AND THEIR PERCEPTUAL AND BEHAVIORAL OUTCOMES ARE EXAMINED. IT IS ARGUED THAT THERE ARE 2 INDEPENDENT OUTCOMES: BEHAVIORAL COMPENSATION AND SENSORY SPATIAL ADAPTATION WITH AFTEREFFECT. THE 1ST CAN BE REGARDED AS A SPECIAL CASE OF MOTOR LEARNING SIMILAR TO THAT STUDIED IN EARLY INVESTIGATIONS WITH FRONTAL PLANE TRANSFORMATION (MIRROR TRACING), AND THE 2ND IS ESSENTIALLY SIMILAR TO SPATIAL ADAPTATION WHICH MAY OCCUR WITH APPROPRIATE NONTRANSFORMED STIMULATION. BOTH EFFECTS CAN OCCUR SIMULTANEOUSLY IN THE SAME DIRECTION, BUT THE EXPERIMENTAL DATA SHOW THAT THEY CAN BE STUDIED INDEPENDENTLY. THE EFFECTS OBSERVED BY IVO KOHLER ARE TREATED AS SPECIAL INSTANCES OF SENSORY ADAPTATION WHICH OCCUR WITH TRANSFORMATIONS DEPENDENT UPON SENSE-ORGAN POSITION AND MOVEMENT. THE FELT-POSITION HYPOTHESIS AND THE REAFFERENCE THEORY PROPOSED BY HELD ARE SHOWN TO BE REINTERPRETABLE IN TERMS OF MOTOR LEARNING AND TRANSFER OF LEARNING. VARIOUS METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES IN THE INVESTIGATION OF MOTOR LEARNING AND SENSORY ADAPTATION ARE EXAMINED. (2 P. REF.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

THE ROLE OF SPEECH RESPONSES IN SHORT-TERM MEMORY.

REPORTS 3 EXPERIMENTS IN WHICH SS SAW LISTS OF LETTERS FOR IMMEDIATE RECALL, BUT HAD TO SAY A NEUTRAL SOUND AS THEY PERCEIVED EACH LETTER. IN EXP. I THIS TECHNIQUE SUBSTANTIALLY REDUCED RECALL OF LETTERS, SPOKEN AS CAPITALS, AS COMPARED WITH THAT FOR NORMALLY VOICED LISTS, BUT NO DIFFERENCE BETWEEN "SUPPRESSION" AND VOICING EMERGED IF THE LETTERS WERE PRONOUNCED IN ALTERED FASHION. IN EXP. II SS GAVE A SOUND WHICH COINCIDED WITH THE DOMINANT SOUND OF THE PRESENTED LIST. THIS LED TO SLIGHTLY POORER RECALL THAN DID THE SAYING OF NONCOINCIDENT SOUNDS AT PRESENTATION. EXP. III SHOWED THAT THE MAIN ADVANTAGES FOR RECALL OF ARTICULATION CONSISTED IN RAISING THE RECALL PARTICULARLY OF LISTS OF LOW ACOUSTIC SIMILARITY, REDUCING ORDER ERRORS, AND RASING THE RECALL PARTICULARLY OF THE EARLY AND MIDDLE ITEMS OF LISTS. IT IS CONCLUDED THAT THE ADVANTAGE OF ARTICULATION AT PRESENTATION INCREASES AS THE ACOUSTIC SIMILARITY OF THE ITEMS DECREASES. IMPLICATIONS FOR SHORT-TERM MEMORY ARE CONSIDERED. (FRENCH SUMMARY) (26 REF.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A COMMENT ON "THE HIPPOCAMPUS AND BEHAVIOR."

R. J. DOUGLAS (SEE 41:8) RECENTLY REVIEWED THE LITERATURE ON THE BEHAVIORAL EFFECTS OF LESIONS OF THE HIPPOCAMPUS AND CONCLUDED THAT THE LESION PRODUCES A UNITARY DEFICIT. DOUGLAS CONSIDERED SOME OF THE DATA WHICH CONTRADICT HIS CONCLUSION AND STATED THAT MANY OF THE CONTRADICTIONS ARE DUE TO THE USE OF SMALL LESIONS. THE HYPOTHESIS IS ADVANCED THAT SMALLER LESIONS ARE ALSO APPROPRIATE SINCE THERE IS CONSIDERABLE EVIDENCE THAT THE HIPPOCAMPUS IS NOT EQUIPOTENTIAL IN ITS CONTRIBUTION TO BEHAVIOR. A REVIEW OF THIS EVIDENCE IS PRESENTED. (16 REF.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

DEVELOPMENT OF THE PERCEPTION OF FORM.

4 SCHEMES REPRESENTING THE FLOW OF INFORMATION FROM STIMULUS THROUGH SENSORY AND PERCEPTUAL SYSTEMS TO RESPONSE ARE PROPOSED IN THE CONTEXT OF AN EVALUATION OF THE PERCEPTUAL POTENTIALITIES AND ABILITIES OF THE NEWBORN HUMAN BEING. THE EVIDENCE SUGGESTS THAT THE NEWBORN IS PROVIDED AT LEAST SOME SENSORY CAPACITIES WITH WHICH TO SYNTHESIZE A PERCEPTUAL WORLD. SUGGESTIONS ARE OFFERED TO FACILITATE THE STUDY OF THE NEWBORN'S ABILITY TO PERCEIVE FORM. (2 P. REF.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

JOB ENLARGEMENT, INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES, AND WORKER RESPONSES.

REVIEWS THE LITERATURE RELATING TO THE JOB ENLARGEMENT THESIS AND JOB SIZE TO JOB SATISFACTION AND BEHAVIOR. IT IS CONCLUDED THAT THE POSITIVE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN JOB SIZE AND JOB SATISFACTION CANNOT BE ASSUMED TO BE GENERAL BUT RATHER IS DEPENDENT TO A GREAT EXTENT ON THE BACKGROUNDS OF THE WORKERS IN THE SAMPLE. EVIDENCE IS ALSO REVIEWED WHICH INDICATES THAT THE HYPOTHESIZED RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN REPETITION AND MONOTONY, MONOTONY AND SATISFACTION, AND SATISFACTION AND BEHAVIOR MUST BE QUESTIONED. ALSO, A MODEL WHICH RELATES JOB SIZE TO SATISFACTION DEPENDING ON A 3RD VARIABLE (ALIENATION OF THE WORKERS FROM MIDDLE CLASS WORK-RELATED VALUES AND NORMS) IS PRESENTED. THIS MODEL ADEQUATELY ACCOUNTS FOR MOST OF THE PROBLEMS AND CONTRADICTIONS WHICH EXIST IN THE LITERATURE. (61 REF.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

THE CHANGING ROLE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL ABSTRACTS IN SCIENTIFIC COMMUNICATION.

A SUBSCRIBER SURVEY AND OTHER SURVEYS HAVE PROVIDED DATA ON THE USE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL ABSTRACTS (PA). A LONG-RANGE PLAN FOR PA PROMISES TO PROVIDE A WIDE VARIETY OF IMPROVED SERVICES TO SUBSCRIBERS AND TO ESTABLISH AN EFFECTIVE SYSTEM FOR SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION DISSEMINATION. DESCRIPTIONS AND DIAGRAMS OF THE EARLIER AND THE CURRENT OPERATIONS OF PA ARE PRESENTED. "BEGINNING WITH THE JANUARY 1966 ISSUE, PA SHIFTED TO A COMPUTERIZED SYSTEM OF PRINTING. THIS CHANGE WAS THE 1ST OF THE MAJOR REVISIONS PLANNED FOR PA'S OPERATION AND IS A CRITICAL FEATURE IN THE NEW SYSTEM. THE PRINTING PROCESS . . . IS DISTINCTIVE IN THAT INFORMATION IS ENCODED ON THE COMPUTER TAPE ACCORDING TO FUNCTION RATHER THAN ACCORDING TO STYLE." (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

HUNGER IN MAN: COMPARATIVE AND PHYSIOLOGICAL STUDIES.

HUNGER AND FEEDING ARE UNDER MULTIFACTOR CONTROL. THESE FACTORS ARE INTEGRATED IN THE CNS, PARTICULARLY IN THE HYPOTHALAMUS, WHERE THERE ARE BOTH EXCITATORY AND INHIBITORY MECHANISMS CONTROLLING FOOD INTAKE AND HUNGER MOTIVATION. 30 FIGURES SUMMARIZE CONCEPTIONS AND RESEARCH CONCERNING FEEDING AND DRINKING PRIMARILY IN ANIMALS. IT IS CONCLUDED THAT: "1. WE CAN STUDY FEEDING BEHAVIOR IN MAN OBJECTIVELY. 2. IN OUR EXPERIMENTAL SITUATION, WE CAN REDUCE HUMAN FEEDING TO A BASIC, PHYSIOLOGICAL, REGULATORY RESPONSE. 3. MAN IS A SUPERB PHYSIOLOGICAL PREPARATION, AND UNDER THE RIGHT CONDITIONS PERMITS THE USE OF EXPERIMENTAL MANIPULATIONS. 4. THE STUDY OF MAN ALSO GIVES US ACESS TO THE WHOLE SUBJECTIVE SIDE OF HUNGER, WITH VALIDATION IN ACTUAL FOOD INTAKE. 5. FINALLY, HUNGER AND THIRST ARE UNDER THE CONTROL OF A NUMBER OF PHYSIOLOGICAL FACTORS, CONTRIBUTING TO A CENTRAL NEURAL INTEGRATING MECHANISM THAT YIELDS THE PHYSIOLOGICAL REGULATION, THE MOTIVATIONAL CONTROL, AND PERHAPS ALSO THE SUBJECTIVE EXPERIENCE." (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY AND THE STUDY OF POLICY FORMATION.

DISCUSSES "THE TREND OF DEVELOPMENTS IN THE STUDY OF POLICY FORMATION AND THE ROLE THAT SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGISTS HAVE PLAYED AND CAN PLAY IN THESE DEVELOPMENTS." ESSENTIAL TO THE UNDERSTANDING OF THE CONTEMPORARY VIEW OF THE POLICY PROCESS ARE 3 POINTS. "THE 1ST IS THAT MORALIZING AND GENERALIZING ARE NOT THE SAME THING AS POLICY MAKING." THE 2ND AND 3RD "ARE THAT POLICY FORMATION IS A SOCIAL PROCESS WITH INTELLECTUAL ELEMENTS CONTAINED WITHIN IT RATHER THAN AN INTELLECTUAL PROCESS, AND FURTHER, THAT THE MODEL OF THE INTELLECTUAL PROCESSES INVOLVED IS NOT THAT OF DECISION MAKING." PROPOSES THAT "THE PROCESS OF POLICY FORMATION BE VIEWED AS ONE OF EXPLICIT OR IMPLICIT NEGOTIATION IN WHICH A COURSE OF ACTION EVOLVED THAT WAS A REASONABLE RESOLUTION OF THE DIVERSITY OF VALUES AND INTERESTS. IN THIS PROCESS, A KEY SKILL IS THAT OF FORMULATING AND COMMUNICATING POLICY IN SUCH A WAY AS TO ELICIT THE NECESSARY SUPPORT." A STRATEGY OF RESEARCH IS OUTLINED, AND IT IS CONCLUDED THAT "IF WE ARE TO IMPROVE THE POLICY PROCESS WE WILL HAVE TO EFFECT THESE IMPROVEMENTS WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF ESSENTIALLY THE SAME SYSTEM OF NEGOTIATION THAT PRESENTLY EXISTS." (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

DENIAL OF DIABILITY AND INTERNAL CONTROL OF REINFORCEMENT: A STUDY USING A PERCEPTUAL DEFENSE PARADIGM.

AMONG THE PSYCHOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF THE PHYSICALLY DISABLED IS THE PERCEPTION OF BEING DIFFERENT. CLINICAL EVIDENCE SUGGESTS THAT THIS THREAT IS HANDLED BY THE DEFENSE OF DENIAL. RESEARCH INDICATES THAT THE PERSONALITY VARIABLE INTERNAL VS. EXTERNAL CONTROL OF REINFORCEMENT (IE) SHOULD ACCOUNT FOR THE INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES OF DENIAL. PICTURES OF DISABLED AND NONDISABLED PEOPLE WERE PRESENTED TACHISTOSCOPICALLY TO PHYSICALLY DISABLED AND NORMAL 15-70 YR. OLD SS. RESULTS INDICATE LARGE DIFFERENCES. (F = 11004) BETWEEN DISABLED AND NORMAL SS IN PERCEIVING THE PICTURES. AN INTERACTION (F = 3.54) WAS FOUND BETWEEN THE 3 LEVELS OF IE AND THE DISABLED-NONDISABLED DICHOTOMY. IMPLICATIONS OF THE DENIAL AND IE VARIABLES FOR REHABILITATION SUCCESS AND FURTHER RESEARCH ARE DISCUSSED. (21 REF.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

LONGITUDINAL TRENDS IN THE RELATION OF THOUGHT TO ACTION.

ATABULATION OF THE SIGNIFICANT CORRELATIONS BETWEEN MOTIVATIONAL IMAGERY AND BEHAVIOR OVER 20 YR. IN SKOLNICK'S (SEE 41:3) STUDY REVEALED (1) THAT THE NUMBER OF SUCH CORRELATIONS IS SIGNIFICANTLY GREATER THAN CHANCE, (2) THAT THIS FINDING IS LARGELY CONFINED TO THE MALE SS, (3) THAT ORDINARY OS DO NOT PERCEIVE PEOPLE AS HAVING TRAITS CHARACTERISTIC OF THEIR IMAGERY TYPES, THOUGH CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGISTS DO, (4) THAT IMAGERY RELATED MORE TO OPERANT ACTIONS IN MALES AND RESPONDENT ACTIONS IN FEMALES, (5) THAT ADOLESCENT IMAGERY SCORES ARE MUCH INFERIOR TO ADULT IMAGERY SCORES IN THE NUMBER OF SIGNIFICANT RELATIONSHIPS THEY GENERATE, AND (6) THAT ADOLESCENT ACTIVITIES PREDICT ADULT IMAGERY SCORES MUCH BETTER THAN ADOLESCENT IMAGERY PREDICTS ADULT ACTIVITIES, SUGGESTING THAT IMAGERY MAY BE MORE THE RESULT THAN THE CAUSE OF ACTION. THE FINDINGS ARE INTERPRETED IN TERMS OF A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK IN WHICH FANTASY IS CONSIDERED SIMPLY AS 1 TYPE OF BEHAVIOR (E.G., THOUGHT) WHICH IS RELATED TO ANOTHER TYPE OF BEHAVIOR (E.G., ACTION), RATHER THAN IN TERMS OF THE TRADITIONAL PROJECTIVE TEST FRAMEWORK. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

AFFECTIVE AROUSAL: SOME IMPLICATIONS.

ATTEMPTED "TO SHOW THAT THE ROLE OF PRIMARY AFFECTIVE AROUSAL IS TO SUSTAIN OR TERMINATE ACTIVITIES ACCORDING TO THE HEDONIC PRINCIPLE OF MAXIMIZING THE POSITIVE AND MINIMIZING THE NEGATIVE, AND TO ORGANIZE DISPOSITIONS WHICH THEMSELVES BECOME REGULATIVE . . . .(AND TO) DEMONSTRATE THAT A MULTIPLE-ASPECT, ECLECTIC, APPROACH TO PROBLEMS OF AFFECTIVE AROUSAL IS USEFUL. AND, FINALLY, THAT THE CONCEPT OF AFFECTIVE AROUSAL IS CENTRAL IN IMPORTANCE FOR A POSSIBLE SCIENCE OF VALUE AND FOR PSYCHOLOGY AS A WHOLE." (27 REF.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

BIBLIOGRAPHICAL CITATION CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PSYCHOLOGICAL JOURNAL NETWORK IN 1950 AND IN 1960.

THE FLOW OF INFORMATION EXCHANGE AMONG 21 PSYCHOLOGICAL JOURNALS, AS INDEXED BY RECIPROCAL CITATION FREQUENCIES, WAS STUDIED AS A COMMUNICATION NETWORK BY THE APPLICATION OF INFORMATION THEORY AND OTHER STATISTICS. JOURNALS BEING CITED WERE TREATED AS SOURCES OF INFORMATION WITHIN THE NETWORK AND JOURNALS DOING THE CITING WERE TREATED AS DESTINATIONS OF INFORMATION. THE CHARACTERIZATION OF THIS NETWORK, FOR 1959 AND 1960, WAS IN TERMS OF SUCH MEASURES AS: TRAFFIC (NUMBER OF MESSAGES EXCHANGED), CONGRUENCE (CORRELATIONS BETWEEN SOURCE AND DESTINATION PROBABILITIES), FEEDING VS. STORING FUNCTIONS (RATIOS OF BEING CITED TO CITING), SELF-FEEDING (SELF-CITATION OF JOURNALS), SOURCE AND DESTINATION BALANCES (ENTROPY MEASURES, H, FOR BEING CITED AND CITING ACROSS THE NETWORK), AND NETWORK ORGANIZATION (CONDITIONED PREDICTABILITY OF DESTINATION JOURNAL GIVEN SOURCE JOURNAL). DISTANCE MEASURES WERE APPLIED TO CHARACTERIZE THE STRUCTURE OF THE NETWORK (WHICH JOURNALS ARE CLOSE TO OTHERS IN TERMS OF RECIPROCAL CITATION) IN BOTH 1950 AND 1960. THUMBNAIL SKETCHES OF THE FUNCTIONING OF EACH JOURNAL WITHIN THE NETWORK, IN TERMS OF THESE MEASURES, ARE PRESENTED. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

CRITERIA USED BY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ENGINEERS IN THE SELECTION OF AN INFORMATION SOURCE.

INVESTIGATED THE CRITERIA EMPLOYED BY ENGINEERS IN THE SELECTION OF VARIOUS TECHNICAL INFORMATION CHANNELS IN PROBLEM-SOLVING ENDEAVORS. FOCUSES ON THE RELATIONSHIPS OF CERTAIN CRITERIA IDENTIFIED IN PAST RESEARCH TO SUCH FACTORS AS FREQUENCY OF CHANNEL UTILIZATION AND THE RATE AT WHICH ENGINEERS ACCEPT OR REJECT TECHNICAL INFORMATION RECEIVED FROM SPECIFIC CHANNELS. A DIRECT RELATIONSHIP IS FOUND BETWEEN PERCEIVED ACCESSIBILITY OF INFORMATION CHANNELS AND SEVERAL OBJECTIVE MEASURES OF UTILIZATION, WHEREAS NO DEFINITE SUPPORT IS FOUND FOR THE HYPOTHESIS THAT THE CHANNELS PERCEIVED HIGHEST IN TECHNICAL QUALITY ARE THOSE USED MOST FREQUENTLY. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

"OPENNESS" AS A DIMENSION OF PROJECTIVE TEST RESPONSES.

ATTEMPTS TO ASSESS THE DEGREE TO WHICH CONSCIOUS MOTIVATION AFFECTS SS' OPENNESS ON PROJECTIVE TESTS. THE INFLUENCE OF STIMULUS VARIATION IS ALSO EXAMINED. USING ROLE-PLAYING INSTRUCTIONS, 31 UNDERGRADUATE SS WERE DIRECTED TO TELL PERSONALLY REVEALING STORIES TO 6 TAT CARDS; 29 OTHERS WROTE GUARDED STORIES. RATINGS OF THE STORIES BY JUDGES USING A MANUAL OF OPENNESS INDICATED THAT SS CAN SUCCESSFULLY CONTROL THIS FACET OF TAT PERFORMANCE AND THAT JUDGES CAN OBJECTIVELY EVALUATE AN S'S INTENT. DEGREE OF ASSESSED OPENNESS IS SHOWN TO BE RELATED TO DIFFERENCES IN TAT CARDS AND ALSO TO THE S'S SEX. IMPLICATIONS FOR USE OF PROJECTIVE TECHNIQUES AND FURTHER RESEARCH ARE DISCUSSED, AS WELL AS THE SIGNIFICANCE OF A SUBGROUP OF SS WHO, WHILE INSTRUCTED TO BE GUARDED, WROTE STORIES RATED AS OPEN. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

VERTEBRATE BRAIN RIBONUCLEIC ACIDS AND MEMORY RETENTION.

REVIEWS CURRENT EVIDENCE FOR THE CHEMICAL TRACE. THE KNOWN CAPACITIES OF RNA MECHANISMS ARE DISCUSSED IN RELATION TO THE TIME COURSE OF MEMORY CONSOLIDATION AND WAYS IN WHICH INFORMATION COULD BE TRANSFERRED INTO AND OUT OF A TRACE INVOLVING RNA. RNA ANALYSES SUGGEST CHARACTERISTIC SYNTHESIS CORRELATED SPECIFICALLY WITH LEARNING. BRAIN PREPARATIONS FROM TRAINED ANIMALS MAY TRANSFER INFORMATION, SOMETIMES VIA PEPTIDES AND POSSIBLY OTHER MATERIALS, INCLUDING RNA. THESE EXPERIMENTS, TAKEN WITH INDICATIONS FROM DISRUPTIVE MANIPULATIONS THAT TEMPORARY AND PERMANENT RETENTION INVOLVES MULTIPHASIC AND DISSOCIABLE MECHANISMS, SUGGEST THAT RNA SYNTHESIS MAY NORMALLY MEDIATE CONSOLIDATION BUT IS NOT NECESSARY TO INFORMATION-HOLDING MECHANISMS OF SEVERAL HOURS' 1/2-LIFE, ALTHOUGH PROTEIN SYNTHESIS DEPENDENT ON RNA PROBABLY IS NECESSARY. INTERDISCIPLINARY WORK SHOULD BE ACCELERATED TO CLARIFY THE IMPLICATED BIOCHEMICAL AND NEUROANATOMICAL MECHANISMS AND TO SUBSTANTIATE SPECIFIC CORRELATIONS PRELIMINARILY MADE WITH CONSOLIDATION. (7 P. REF.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF AN MMPI SCALE OF ASSAULTIVENESS IN OVERCONTROLLED INDIVIDUALS.

REPORTS THE DERIVATION, STANDARDIZATION, AND CROSS-VALIDATION OF AN MMPI SCALE, O-H (OVERCONTROLLED HOSTILITY), WHICH DISCRIMINATES OVERCONTROLLED FROM UNDERCONTROLLED ASSAULTIVE CRIMINALS, NONVIOLENT CRIMINALS, AND NORMALS. SEVERAL CONSTRUCT VALIDITY STUDIES ARE PRESENTED WHICH INDICATE THAT THE SCALE IS SENSITIVE TO A MIXTURE OF SELF-CONTROL, HOSTILITY, AND ALIENATION. THE DATA ARE INTERPRETED AS SUPPORTING THE THEORY THAT ASSAULTIVE CRIMINALS CAN BE DIVIDED INTO OVERCONTROLLED AND UNDERCONTROLLED TYPES. THE USEFULNESS OF O-H IN CLINICAL ASSESSMENT AND IN PERSONALITY RESEARCH IS DISCUSSED. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

ELECTRONIC INNOVATION IN THE BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES: A CALL TO RESPONSIBILITY.

A POSSIBLE COMBINATION OF BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY IS THAT OF "BEHAVIORAL ELECTRONICS," THE APPLICATION OF ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY TO THE UNDERSTANDING, MAINTENANCE, AND MODIFICATION OF HUMAN BEHAVIOR. THIS RAISES MANY CRITICAL SOCIAL ISSUES WHICH MAY BE BEST RESOLVED BY PROFESSIONAL "PREVENTIVE" RESEARCH SIMILAR TO THAT USED IN DRUG AND MEDICAL DEVICE RESEARCH. THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN RESEARCH IN BEHAVIORAL ELECTRONICS AND THAT OF INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY AND THE PHYSICS LABORATORY ARE POINTED OUT, AND BROAD PROFESSIONAL INVOLVEMENT IS SUGGESTED AS A MEANS FOR DEVELOPING A WIDE RANGE OF OPTIONS CONSONANT WITH THE PUBLIC WELFARE. (16 REF.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

STIMULUS-RESPONSE COMPATIBILITY AND PARALLEL RESPONSE SELECTION.

ATTEMPTS TO DISCOVER WHETHER THE STIMULUS-RESPONSE (S-R) COMPATIBILITY OF EACH TASK, AS DETERMINED BY THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RT AND NUMBER OF BITS OF STIMULUS (OR RESPONSE) INFORMATION, CAN SERVE AS A PREDICTOR OF THE NATURE OF HUMAN INFORMATION PROCESSING OF MULTIPLE INPUTS. BY EXAMINING THE DELAY IN RT TO 2 STIMULI PRESENTED SEQUENTIALLY, AS WELL AS THE COMPOSITE RT TO 2 STIMULI PRESENTED SIMULTANEOUSLY, IT WAS FOUND THAT PARALLEL PROCESSING COULD OCCUR IF EACH OF THE 2 TASKS HAD HIGH S-R COMPATIBILITY. IT IS SUGGESTED THAT S-R COMPATIBILITY MAY SERVE AS A PREDICTOR OF WHETHER MULTIPLE-RESPONSE SELECTIONS WILL OCCUR SEQUENTIALLY OR IN PARALLEL. (FRENCH SUMMARY) (15 REF.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

SOME EFFECTS OF CLINICIAN AND PATIENT PERSONALITY ON DECISION MAKING IN A CLINICAL SETTING.

CONDUCTED A FOLLOW-UP STUDY TO RECENT FINDINGS OF GORDON WHICH SHOWED THAT PSYCHOLOGICAL INTERPRETATIONS BASED ON PARTIAL RORSCHACH PROTOCOLS WERE RELATED TO THE PERSONALITY DIMENSION OF ANALITY IN THE CLINICIANS. 44 PRACTICING CLINICIANS WERE ASKED TO RESPOND TO A 3-PAGE DOCUMENT WHICH THEY WERE TOLD WAS A PARTIAL TRANSCRIPT OF AN INITIAL INTERVIEW WITH A PATIENT. THE RESULTS CONFIRMED THE EARLIER FINDINGS THAT HIGH-ANAL CLINICIANS HAVE LESS CONFIDENCE IN THEIR INTERPRETATIONS, MAKE FEWER SPECIFIC PREDICTIONS, AND IDENTIFY LESS PATHOLOGY IN PATIENTS THAN LOW-ANAL CLINICIANS. ADDITIONAL EVIDENCE IS GIVEN THAT THE PERSONALITY OF THE CLINICIAN INFLUENCES HIS CLINICAL DECISIONS. OTHER HYPOTHESES RELATED TO INTERACTIONS BETWEEN THE PERSONALITY OF THE PATIENT AS PRESENTED IN THE CLINICAL DATA AND THE PERSONALITY OF THE CLINICIAN WERE NOT CONFIRMED. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)