退火温度对TC18钛合金组织及织构演变规律的影响

随着钛合金锻件的大型化,锻造过程中应力场、温度场不均匀问题更加突出,锻件局部形成锋锐织构的可能性大大增加,易对产品的可靠性及安全性造成危害。本文利用EBSD技术,对比了工业生产的大规格TC18钛合金棒材不同位置中心及表层的组织及织构差异,通过观察两者在不同保温温度下α相及β相的组织及织构特征,研究退火后组织及织构演变规律。结果表明：在两相区,β相主要发生回复,部分α相发生再结晶,β相晶粒尺寸及织构基本不发生变化。接近相变点时,大尺寸回复态β晶粒易于利用尺寸优势吞并其他晶粒;部分α相,特别是晶界处取向接近的片层α相,易于通过合并发生晶粒长大;特殊取向的α相更易发生相变,相变的α相不会形成新的β晶核。在单相区,β相发生再结晶及晶粒长大,且无择尤现象,β相织构明显减弱。     

Effect of Aging on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 1460 Alloy

Effects of the aging temperature on the hardening response,the tensile properties and the precipitate microstructure evolution of 1460 alloy were studied in this work.It was found that Al3(Sc,Zr) and d0(Al3Li) phases were precipitated from the matrix at the very early aging stage,while the precipitation of T1(Al2Cu Li) and h0(Al2Cu) was much slower than that of the d0 phase.When aging at higher temperature(160 and 190 °C),the d0,T1 and h0 phases tended to form simultaneously and grow up very quickly.Conversely,the d0 and h00(Al2Cu) phases were precipitated separately and more dispersive at lower aging temperature(130 °C).Taken together,the alloy aged at 160 °C exhibited improved mechanical properties owing to the uniform dispersion of the fine T1 precipitates.     

Effect of Annealing Temperature on the Precipitation Behavior and Texture Evolution in a Warm-Rolled P-Containing Interstitial-Free High Strength Steel

By using transmission electron microscopy and electron back-scattered diffraction, the effect of annealing temperature on the precipitation behavior and texture evolution in a warm-rolled interstitial-free high strength steel was studied. The results indicated that fine FeTiP could precipitate at 650 °C, and the number of those precipitates increased greatly with the increasing annealing temperature until 800 °C. Furthermore, the nucleation of FeTiP was influenced by the precipitation of TiC and(Ti, Nb) C. The near absence of FeTiP and a large volume fraction of TiC and(Ti, Nb) C in matrix are envisaged to be primarily responsible for the sharp c-fiber texture. As the boundary pinning effect caused by FeTiP is weak and there are less interstitial C atoms in matrix. Thus, annealing at 800 °C leads to the highest intensity of c-fiber texture.     

退火温度对挤压态细晶钨合金性能及组织演变的影响

采用稀土微合金化和液相强化烧结技术制备细晶93W-4.9Ni-2.1Fe+0.03%Y合金。研究在快速热挤压形变强化后,时效热处理对挤压态细晶93W-4.9Ni-2.1Fe+0.03%Y合金显微硬度和组织演变的影响,并与相应条件的传统钨合金进行对比。结果表明,随着退火温度的升高,2种钨合金钨相的显微硬度大大降低。EDS分析表明,随着退火温度的升高,钨合金粘结相中钨含量逐渐增加,其中细晶钨合金经过1200 ℃退火处理后,粘结相钨含量高达26.11%,而传统钨合金在1350 ℃退火处理后含量最高,达到28.14%。显微组织观察表明,退火有利于降低W-W连接度和细化钨颗粒;与传统钨合金相比,高温退火后,细晶钨合金的粘结相体积比更高且分布更为均匀     

均匀化退火对Al-Cu-Mg-Ag系合金组织和性能的影响

通过差热分析(DTA)、金相组织观察等手段,分析了不同均匀化工艺对Al-Cu-Mg-Ag铝合金的微观组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,采用接近低熔点共晶熔化的温度均匀化退火后,合金的枝晶偏析得以消除,晶内成分分布均匀。合金室温抗拉强度达到470MPa,对应的伸长率也达到8%～10%。     

Hot Deformation and Subsequent Annealing on the Microstructure and Hardness of an Al0.3CoCrFeNi High-entropy Alloy

The influence of simple thermomechanical processing such as hot deformation and heat treatment on the microstructure and hardness of an Al0.3CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy has been investigated.Results show that the relatively high deformation temperature can induce discontinuous dynamic recrystallization with fine grains initially nucleating at the elongated grain boundaries.The transition from partial recrystallization to fully recrystallization,as well as the precipitation behavior after annealing,has been described in detail.Both bcc precipitation and completely recrystallized grains can be observed after annealing at 1000 ℃.Based on detailed microstructure analysis,the decrease in hardness value is shown to be related to both dynamic recrystallization and dynamic recovery which lead to softening.     

退火对CrCuFeMnTi高熵合金组织结构和力学性能的影响

为了研究退火处理对CrCuFeMnTi高熵合金组织结构和力学性能的影响,通过真空电弧熔炼法在氩气保护下制备了铸态合金,在不同温度下对合金进行退火处理,观察其组织结构并进行力学性能测试。结果表明:铸态CrCuFeMnTi高熵合金由1个密排六方和1个面心立方结构固溶体构成,形成由枝晶相和枝晶间相组成的典型枝晶组织形貌;合金在750℃以下退火时,主要以元素的扩散和组织的均匀化为主,经过900℃等温退火处理后,合金中密排六方结构的固溶体逐渐转变成体心立方结构固溶体,该相变过程是由元素扩散引起及控制的;经过750℃以下的退火处理后,合金的硬度和断裂强度均有所提高,但断裂行为均表现出脆性特征。     

退火对激光熔覆AlCoCrFeNiTi0.5高熵合金涂层组织和耐磨性的影响

对激光熔覆AlCoCrFeNiTi_0.5高熵合金涂层进行900℃退火,保温5h处理。主要对退火前后样品的微观结构和耐磨性进行研究。XRD结果表明,退火后的AlCoCrFeNiTi_0.5高熵合金涂层,其相组成有Co₃Ti和BCC结构的AlFe固溶相,出现典型的成分均匀的网状调幅分解组织;退火后的平均显微硬度达到989HV_0.5,比退火前提高了73.5%;耐磨性测试结果显示,退火后磨损量比退火前降低了92.5%,磨损宽度是退火前的50%。     

单晶6H-SiC经氦离子辐照及退火后的微观组织研究

在400℃下对单晶6H-SiC进行了400keV氦离子辐照,辐照剂量为1×10~(16)He~+/cm~2,随后在1200和1500℃退火30min。采用透射电子显微镜和扫描电子显微镜对辐照态和退火态SiC进行微观结构观察与分析。结果表明,单晶6H-SiC在400℃经氦离子辐照后,仅观察到由辐照引起的位移损伤带,而未观察到明显尺寸的氦气泡。但经1200℃退火30min后,在辐照损伤区域形成了呈血小板状的气泡簇,其主要分布在(0001)晶面上,少量形成在(1120)晶面。辐照未在6H-SiC表面上形成明显尺寸的缺陷,而经1200℃退火30min后,SiC表面出现大尺寸的起泡和凹坑,进一步提高退火温度至1500℃时,表面起泡和形成凹坑更严重,并产生了大量裂纹。本研究同时对微观结构演化的机理进行了分析与讨论。     

退火温度对触变挤压锡青铜轴套组织性能的影响

对触变挤压锡青铜轴套零件进行退火处理,研究退火温度对触变挤压锡青铜轴套零件微观组织、元素分布、磨损性能和力学性能的影响规律.结果 表明经过退火处理后,Sn、P元素可以从液相中扩散到固相Cu基体中形成α-Cu固溶体,随着退火温度的增加,平均晶粒尺寸逐渐增加,形状因子先减小后增加,布氏硬度先增加后减小,磨损率和摩擦系数先降...     

退火对AZ31镁合金微观组织和力学各向异性的影响

对AZ31镁合金进行轧制并对轧制后的板材进行退火。采用OM、SEM及EBSD观察并分析了轧制及退火态镁合金的微观形貌及取向状态,分析退火对各向异性的影响。结果表明:轧制后镁合金存在着明显的各向异性,经退火后,镁合金不同取向的基面织构强度差异减小,其抗拉强度、屈服强度尤其在延伸率方面的各向异性指数远小于轧制态下的各向异性指数,说明退火可以改善镁合金的各向异性。     

预变形及退火对变形镁合金组织及性能影响研究进展

变形镁合金受限于成形工艺,致使其室温成形性较差并且具有较强的各向异性。通过在不同变形条件进行预变形结合退火处理能够有效弱化镁合金织构从而改善镁合金的力学性能。总结并评述了3种预变形方式结合退火处理对镁合金微观组织与力学性能的影响,并对未来的发展提出了建议。     

退火工艺对Al-Zn-In系合金组织和电化学性能的影响

研究了不同温度和不同时间的退火工艺对Al—5Zn-0．02In-1Mg-0．05Ti合金组织和电化学性能的影响。结果表明,经470℃×12h退火处理的试样组织均匀,晶粒尺寸适中,电化学性能优良。在人造海水中腐蚀后,试样表面的腐蚀产物易脱落,表面均匀平整。随着退火时间的延长,合金的电化学性能逐步提高。     

Microstructure and Texture Evolution of Mg-14Gd-0.5Zr Alloy during Rolling and Annealing under Different Temperatures

Mg alloys containing high rare earth (RE) elements are hard to be rolled due to their low ductility and high strength at low temperatures. Therefore, rolling at high temperatures is necessary for these alloys. In this work, a Mg-14Gd-0.5Zr (wt%) alloy was rolled one pass with 40% reduction at high temperatures over 450 °C. The effects of rolling temperature on the microstructure and dynamic recrystallization behavior were analyzed in detail by the electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) method. The results revealed that the alloy shows good rollability at high temperature due to the activity of non-basal dislocations and twins. However, dynamic recrystallization is difficult to take place because of the easy activation of multi-slip system and thus more accumulated strain energy. However, Gd segregation was observed at the grain boundary and it is inferred that the segregation can partially enhance the dynamic recrystallization ratio. Statically recrystallized grains with large size took place after short-term inter-pass annealing treatment ranging from 450 °C to 500 °C, and formed basal texture. The result suggests that the formation of basal texture during short-term annealing treatment was attributed to the growth of dynamic recrystallized grains caused by weakened Gd segregation.     

均匀化退火工艺对Cu-Si-Ni合金组织和性能的影响

Cu-3Si-2Ni合金铸态组织中存在许多粗大呈骨骼状的Ni2Si相以及严重枝晶偏析,这大大影响了铸锭的成形性能。为改善其成形性能,分别在850～950℃保温2～8h,进行均匀化退火研究。结果表明,经900℃×4h的合理退火工艺后铸态合金的枝晶偏析大部分被消除,合金的塑性得到明显改善,且均匀化退火后合金的断裂方式由铸态时的准解理断裂加部分剪切断裂转变为微孔聚集型韧性断裂。     

退火制度对TA15挤压管材的组织与性能的影响

研究了TA15钛合金挤压管材的退火制度对组织及性能的影响。结果表明,TA15钛合金挤压管材随退火温度从700℃升高到960℃,Rm分别从1050MPa降到985MPa,A从14％升到15％,表明强度下降幅度甚小、塑性变化不大。在700～850℃退火可消除管材内应力并有部分再结晶,温度升高到900℃时,TA15再结晶进行得充分完全,组织得到了细化、球化,管材的力学性能良好。     

感应淬火对合金铸铁组织与油摩擦性能的影响

目的 优化感应淬火工艺,为提高合金铸铁表面硬度及耐磨性能提供理论依据。方法 通过热力学计算和同步热分析法测试分析了合金铸铁相变规律,并对该材料在6 kW和8 kW功率下进行了2~8 s高频表面淬火。采用扫描电镜(SEM)、洛氏硬度计、摩擦磨损试验机,研究了不同感应淬火工艺对合金铸铁显微组织、硬度和摩擦磨损性能的影响。结果 合金铸铁经感应淬火后,组织为珠光体+马氏体+石墨+磷共晶,随加热时间延长,马氏体含量增多,珠光体与磷共晶逐渐减少,直至6 kW/8 s、8 kW/6 s时消失,但是继续延长时间会产生裂纹。硬化区硬度随加热时间增长而提高,峰值为50HRC,二者的关系可用Logistic曲线描述。硬度升高会提升耐磨性,超过一定硬度后,摩擦系数在0.11波动。不同形式的裂纹可以造成磨痕宽度具有不同的变化规律。结论 感应淬火可有效提升合金铸铁的表面硬度及油摩擦性能。     

一种Al-Mg-Si-Cu-Mn合金铸态及均匀化退火组织研究

采用金相显微镜(OM)及能谱仪(EDS),研究了Al-0.9Mg-0.9Si-0.6Cu-0.6Mn合金的铸态及其均匀化后的组织,并对合金的铸态组织及均匀化退火过程中相的演化进行了分析.结果表明:合金的铸态组织中存在大量的网状化合物和球状析出物,分别是α-Al+Ai(MnFe)3Si2的共品体和富铜相.均匀化退火过程中,随均匀化退火温度的升高,网状结构α-Al+Al(MnFe)3Si2的共晶体逐渐变成球状细小颗粒Al(MnFe)3Si2相,材料的微观组织得到改善.经560℃×6 h退火,均匀化过程基本完成,品粒未发生明显的粗化.     

Effect of Cold Deformation and Annealing on Microstructure of Al-Ti Alloy Target for Sputter Deposition

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AZ31镁合金轧制板材在退火处理中的组织性能演变

研究了AZ31镁合金轧制薄板经200～400℃退火5～240 min后的组织性能演变.通过金相组织、显微硬度、室温力学性能及拉伸断口等测试技术,分析了其组织性能的变化.结果表明,AZ31镁合金轧制板材在250℃以上退火过程中的显著组织变化在几分钟内就已经发生,250℃退火10 min组织出现明显的静态再结晶组织;400℃退火在5 min内已经基本完成再结晶;发生再结晶的退火温度存在临界值,在200℃以下退火,即使经过240min也不能完成再结晶.低于350℃退火,完成再结晶后,在一定的时间内晶粒长大较慢,退火240 min后晶粒尺寸为7～8 μm.轧制态AZ31镁合金板材的室温拉伸断口为准解理断裂,退火处理使板材的延性大大改善,断口呈韧性断裂.300℃×120 min退火后AZ31镁合金薄板的综合性能较好,抗拉强度为297.1 MPa,断裂伸长率为23.98%.