静电纺无机纳米纤维的研究进展

综述了静电纺丝制备无机纳米纤维的最新研究进展,主要介绍了电纺氧化物纳米纤维和多组分纳米纤维的研究进展,说明了各种无机纳米纤维的特性、应用前景,并且指出其不足以及今后研究的主要方向.     

静电纺特殊结构纳米纤维的研究现状

纳米级纤维具有优良的机械性能和高比表面积等特性.以静电纺特殊结构纳米纤维为研究对象,根据其表观形态分别介绍了一维特殊结构纳米纤维、二维特殊结构纳米纤维膜、三维结构纳米纤维气凝胶等,并阐述了各种结构的形成机理.总结了近年来国内外采用静电纺丝技术制备特殊结构纳米纤维的调控方法,如改变溶液性质(溶液浓度、黏度、表面张力、电导...     

天然高分子静电纺纳米纤维的研究进展

介绍了静电纺丝的原理及利用静电纺丝方法制备天然高分子纳米纤维的最新研究进展,主要介绍了海藻酸钠、天然纤维素、透明质酸、明胶、胶原蛋白、甲壳素及其衍生物等几种主要的天然高分子静电纺纤维的研究进展,并指出它们在生物医学领域的重要应用。     

静电纺纳米纤维的应用

综述了静电纺纳米纤维在保护性服用材料、传感器、过滤防护材料、高分子纳米模板、纳米复合改性材料、航空航天等方面的应用;详述了在生物医用材料方面的应用;展望了静电纺丝纳米纤维的发展前景;指出应继续研发具有特殊性能的静电纺纳米纤维新产品,扩大其应用领域,最终实现成果产业化。     

预氧化温度对静电纺Co/C复合纳米纤维形貌与结构的影响

通过调节静电纺丝过程环境因素制备了CoAc_2/PAN前驱体纤维,再经过热处理得到Co/C复合纳米纤维,分析了预氧化温度对纤维形貌与结构的影响。研究结果表明:当预氧化温度为160℃时,纤维中的PAN未形成稳定的耐热梯形结构,在碳化时纤维扭曲,生成枝节状物质;当预氧化温度为230℃时,碳化后可得到表面光滑、均匀,结构完好的Co/C复合纳米纤维;当预氧化温度为300℃时,纤维中的聚合物大分子遭到破坏,导致后续的碳化结晶过程无法正常进行,纤维形成颗粒聚集态。     

静电纺纳米纤维修饰电极的研究进展

静电纺丝纳米纤维较传统纳米材料有许多独特的性能,静电纺丝纳米纤维修饰电极的研究是其新热点;按修饰方法的不同,静电纺丝纳米纤维修饰电极分为直接修饰和非直接修饰电极两大类。综合近年来国内外的静电纺丝纳米纤维修饰电极相关研究,阐述了静电纺丝技术直接修饰电极、静电纺丝技术非直接修饰电极的相关纳米纤维材料的制备、特性及应用;指出由于静电纺丝纳米材料的多样化与优异性,静电纺丝纳米纤维修饰电极具有灵活性与灵敏性,其在生物传感器、生物芯片、染料电池等方面的应用极具开发潜力,在未来多个领域和研究中发挥重要作用。     

静电纺纳米纤维的研究及应用进展

简述了静电纺丝基本原理及纺丝过程中射流存在的几种不稳定性形式;探讨了静电纺丝制备纳米纤维的主要影响因素。回顾了静电纺丝的发展历程,介绍了纳米纤维在电子器件、生物医学领域、滤材、防护服用材料纤维增强复合材料及传感器感知膜等方面的应用。指出静电纺纳米纤维性能优异、应用广泛,应用于生物医学领域是研发热点,必将进一步产业化。     

静电纺金属氧化物纳米纤维在催化领域的应用研究进展

综述了静电纺金属氧化物纳米纤维在光催化、电化学催化、化学催化三个催化领域的应用研究进展.由于金属氧化物的成分和结构的特异性使其具有一定的催化性能,可通过掺杂金属离子、提高比表面积或复合窄带隙材料来提高二氧化钛基纳米纤维的光催化活性,其他金属氧化物纳米纤维均具有优良的光催化降解有机污染物效果;碳基金属氧化物纤维膜较金属氧...     

PA6静电纺纳米纤维

讨论了PA6静电纺丝工艺,利用扫描电镜(SEM)观察纤维的形态结构,研究了影响PA6静电纺丝 的因素及其对所形成纤维的形态、直径的影响。结果表明,在甲酸溶液中,PA6质量分数为8％、电压值为15 kV、喷丝头到收集板的垂直距离为20 cm是PA6静电纺丝的最佳工艺条件,可得到直径小于100 nm的PA6 纳米纤维。     

静电纺丝聚氨酯纳米纤维的应用研究进展

论述了静电纺丝聚氨酯纳米纤维的研究现状,重点介绍了这种纳米纤维在生物医学、过滤材料、功能服装等领域的应用,并对其发展前景进行展望.     

静电纺丝制备纳米纤维的进展及应用

简述了静电纺丝的制备原理和影响静电纺丝纤维成形的主要工艺因素;介绍了静电纺丝法制备高分子聚合物、生物大分子、无机物纳米纤维的最新进展,以及这些纳米纤维在过滤、传感器、超疏水性材料、生物医用功能材料、纳米模板等领域的应用;指出静电纺丝制备纳米连续长丝技术亟待发展。     

静电纺丝纳米纤维的制备工艺及其应用

简述了静电纺丝制备纳米纤维的原理;探讨了静电纺丝电压、流速、接收距离、溶剂浓度等工艺条件;介绍了同轴静电纺丝制备皮芯结构的超细纤维及中空纤维技术以及静电纺丝纳米纤维毡在生物医药方面的应用。指出静电纺丝纳米纤维材料在生物医用方面具有广阔的应用前景,进一步实现低压纺丝、开发无毒溶剂,控制同轴静电纺丝纳米纤维的释放性能是今后静电纺丝的研发方向。     

Mathematical models for continuous electrospun nanofibers and electrospun nanoporous microspheres

A brief review of mathematical models of electrospinning is given. The nano‐effect and electrospinning dilation are presented to explain how to prepare extremely high strength continuous nanofibers and nanoporous microspheres, respectively. According to the established models, vibration‐electrospinning is introduced to improve electrospinability, Siro‐electrospinning is suggested to mimic the spinning procedure of a spider and magneto‐electrospinning is used to control the instability arising in the electrospinning process. A new theory linked to both classical mechanics and quantum mechanics should be developed to explain certain special phenomena in electrospinning. E‐infinity theory is considered to be a potential theory to deal with quantum‐like properties and nano‐effect on the nanoscale. The emphasis of this brief review is upon the authors' recent work, and the references are not exhaustive. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry     

Apparatus for preparing electrospun nanofibers: designing an electrospinning process for nanofiber fabrication

Nanofibers are widely used in a range of material applications, such as filter media, biosensors, military protective coatings, three‐dimensional tissue scaffolds, composites, drug delivery, wound dressings and electronic devices. To fabricate nanofibers with desired physical and chemical functions, a variety of electrospinning processes have been introduced using specially designed collectors, microelectromechanical system (MEMS) nozzle tips and auxiliary electrodes to stabilize the spin jets. However, the development of new electrospinning processes continues in the search for ‘tailor‐made’ nanofibers, in which parameters such as the fiber orientation and three‐dimensional structure are ultimately controllable. This paper discusses recently suggested electrospinning methods that are designed to impart specific functionality. It also details the correlations between applied processing parameters and the obtained physical properties of electrospun fibers. Finally, future design directions are suggested for developing an electrospinning apparatus capable of producing optimally structured nanofibers. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry     

Fabrication of aligned electrospun nanofibers by inclined gap method

A high‐performance of uniaxial alignment of electrospun nanofibers was realized by introducing an inclined gap into dual collectors that consisted of two conductive strips. Because the two strips that were configured horizontally and vertically had a height difference from the inclined gap, the electrospun nanofibers were sequentially suspended across the edges of strips in a well‐aligned and regularly distributed form. Some parameters, such as concentration of solution, applied voltage, and spinning distance were considered for the successful suspension and formation of the aligned electrospun fibers. The method could improve the properties of nanofiber alignment and allow for easy transfer onto other solid substrates or devices. The alignment technique used polycaprolactone, which resulted in continuous and well‐aligned nanofibers with diameters ranging from 500 to 700 nm. Furthermore, it is suggested that repetitive transfer be used to achieve a higher density of aligned nanofiber arrays. This would enlarge the applicability of nanofibers, especially for the tissue engineering field. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

Effect of solvent on surface wettability of electrospun polyphosphazene nanofibers

Two kinds of biodegradable polymers, poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL) and poly[(alanino ethyl ester)_0.67 (glycino ethyl ester)_0.33 phosphazene] (PAGP), were electrospun by using four different solvents. All PCL nanofibrous mats had similar surface water contact angles independent of solvents. However, it was found that the water contact angles of PAGP nanofibrous mats were 102.2° ± 2.3°, 113.5° ± 2.2°, 115.8° ± 1.4°, and 119.1° ± 0.7°, respectively, when trifluoroethanol, chloroform, dichloromethane, and tetrahydrofuran were used as a solvent. This difference was supposed mainly due to phosphorous and nitrous atoms in PAGP being dragged to fiber surface with solvent evaporation during the solidification of nanofibers, because of the strong interaction between positive phosphorous atoms and electronegative atoms in solvents. This interaction was confirmed by Fourier Transform Infrared, and the accumulation of phosphorous and nitrous atoms in the solvent‐casting PAGP film surface was identified by X‐ray photoelectron spectrometry analysis. PCL samples did not show the solvent‐controlled surface wettability because it contained fewer polar atoms. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

Hierarchical-structure-dependent high ductility of electrospun polyoxymethylene nanofibers

Two types of electrospun polyoxymethylene nanofibers with rough and smooth surface morphologies [rough fibers (RFs) and smooth fibers (SFs), respectively] were successfully prepared via the control of the electrospinning voltages. Mechanical tensile tests showed that the RF nonwoven mats exhibited a much higher elongation (440%) than the SFs (180%) without sacrifices in the stiffness and strength. Scanning electron microscopy characterization revealed that the large ductility of a single RF resulted from its unique multiple-necking mode, which was induced by its rippled structural features. In the meantime, the large ductility led to a high molecular orientation under tension and further improved the strength and toughness of the RF nonwoven mats. In comparison, the SF behaved in a single-necking deformation mode, and this led to a rapid rupture behavior. This surface-morphology-dependent mechanical behavior helped us to deeply understand the relationship between the structure and properties and should guide the development of high-performance materials for load-bearing applications. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 47086.