以孩儿枕为代表的宋代瓷塑特征

宋代是中国瓷业发展史上的第一个高峰，宋代瓷业的繁荣，是当时政治、经济、文化各种因素共同的结果。宋代陶瓷雕塑与其它宋瓷一样，文人气、书卷味十分突出，注重内质，呈现出优雅秀丽、湿润含蓄、精美绝伦的艺术魅力。正是宋代以景德镇为代表的青白釉烧制的日臻完善，胎质纯净洁白，釉面晶莹润泽，给宋时陶瓷雕塑纤巧优雅的造型平添一份恬淡之美，顺应了宋代“合于天造，厌于人意”的审美旨趣。     

青花与现代陶艺

悠久的陶瓷历史和卓越的工艺艺术成就，谱写了中国陶瓷艺术史。陶瓷历史上烧造了许多名贵陶瓷品种，宋代的“官、哥、汝、定、均”五大名窑，瓷色各有千秋。其中青花瓷的烧造历史悠久，窑口遍布广泛，纹样、造型丰富，受到民众喜爱，为其它品种难与媲美。我国青花瓷在陶瓷界享有极高的声誉，青花装饰在其它陶瓷种类中又别具风味。本文探讨了青花装饰艺术与现代陶艺的结合，     

观象制器——宋代仿生陶瓷探析

宋代被称为“瓷的时代”，在理学思想“言理不言情”和文人士大夫“自然超脱”美学观的影响下，宋瓷以温润节制﹑含蓄雅致﹑端庄隽永的理性美见长。在这一时期，极具自然趣味和象征性的仿生陶瓷得到了很大发展，其外在形式师法自然而又不拘泥于自然物象，蕴含着丰富的中国古代造物思想和精神内涵。本文通过追溯宋代仿生陶瓷背后的历史文化，分析其类别和价值，来探究一种兼具理性美及自然美的陶瓷语言表达，为当代陶瓷设计提供一种思路。     

论北宋青白瓷执壶的造型美

青白瓷是北宋名瓷，青白瓷执壶是其优秀代表之一，尤其以造型取胜。本文从北宋青白瓷执壶造型的具体美、独特美、时代美等方面进行了分析，认为北宋青白瓷执壶具有独特的秀丽、轻盈、挺拔、飘逸、高雅的造型美，是宋瓷的典型代袁和宋代社会生活风貌的集中体现。     

陶瓷绘画艺术浅析

陶瓷绘画是陶瓷艺术的表现形式之一，他主要是以不同的釉色料颜对陶瓷进行描绘。与陶瓷造型齐驾并驱．共同形成丰富多彩的陶瓷艺术。然而陶瓷绘画发展的历程，以景德镇为轴心大致可分为三个阶段，一是新石器时代陶器绘画、唐代长沙窑釉下彩绘瓷、宋代磁州窑系瓷绘三个大的板块，二是景德镇时期，在景德镇之麓的时期所取得成就的基础上，历经元、明、清的发展，     

妙相——宋代湖田窑瓷塑人物造像特征研究

宋代中国陶瓷雕塑迎来了发展的重要时期,瓷塑取代陶塑成为陶瓷雕塑的主流。在政治、经济、文化及宋代程朱理学思想的影响下,整个时代的审美观念发生了很大的变化,呈现出克制自持、含而不露、温文尔雅、宁静自适的内在特点。景德镇湖田窑影青瓷沉静素雅,莹润如玉的材质品格极其符合宋人的品性与追求,其呈现出温润含蓄、生动精巧、自然洒脱的艺术魅力。研究了宋代景德镇湖田窑人物瓷塑的特点及宋人对人物瓷塑的造型技法,分析宋人是怎样运用瓷这一材质,怎样表达人物的眼神、脸型特点以及怎样处理服饰搭配关系等。同时穿插分析汉唐陶塑及同时代艺术对宋代瓷塑的影响,探索宋代景德镇湖田窑人物瓷塑在当代艺术中的文化价值,为现代陶瓷艺术的创作予以启示。     

浅谈景德镇现代艺术陶瓷发展趋向与鉴赏

在国外，陶瓷、景德镇与中国是一个概念，可见中国的陶瓷在世界上的地位。艺术陶瓷作为陶瓷分类中的一朵奇葩，从陶瓷埏生的那一天起就一直受到人类的追求。提及艺术陶瓷，人们自然便想到了景德镇——这座充满东方古老陶瓷文化蕴味的历史名城，历代“国家制瓷中心”官窑所在地。华夏千年历史，起唐至清，景德镇精湛的制瓷工艺都是每个时代陶瓷艺术登峰造极的极致所在，成为世界陶瓷艺术界的泰斗。     

试论陶瓷图案装饰构成形式

<正>翻开中国陶瓷发展史,无论是宋代的刻瓷,元代的青花瓷,明代的五彩(古彩)瓷,清代的粉彩瓷,还是近现代的艺术陈设瓷、陶瓷壁画都会看到图案艺术的魅力。它应用范围十分广阔。它以其精美的造型、合理的构成、美丽的色彩     

当代钧瓷与景德镇陶瓷

钧瓷是我国宋代五大名瓷器之一，以其独特的窑变艺术而著称于世，素有“黄金有价钧无价”和“家有万贯，不如钧瓷一件”的美誉。是河南省禹州市神重镇独有的国宝瓷器，凭借其古朴的造型，精湛的工艺、复杂的配方、“人窑一色出窑万彩”的神奇窑变，湖光山色、云霞雾霭、人兽花鸟虫鱼等变化无穷的图形色彩和奇妙韵味，被誉为中国“五大名瓷”之首。而景德镇依然是中国南方的制瓷中心，在当代，二者之间有何联系和差异？如何能互补和促进彼此的发展？笔者从产业和人才的角度做了一些分析，得出了钧瓷比景德镇陶瓷的发展模式单一，但景德镇陶瓷可以向钧瓷学习文化特色的结论。     

卫生陶瓷两种坐便器技术特点浅析

陶瓷卫生洁具是人们日常生活中常用的卫生设施。因其造型时尚艺术，釉面光亮细腻，使用卫生洁净而广受用户的喜爱。随着时代的发展和人民生活水平的不断提高，人们越来越追求时尚、优雅、卫生、健康的生活方式，陶瓷卫生洁具越来越多地走进普通居民的家庭生活中。而坐便器是陶瓷卫生洁具的主要配套产品，其造型新颖、种类繁多、浑厚大方、洁净易清洗、排污功能优良，隔臭效果好。     

氢气纯度分析方法准确性的探讨

ONACCURACYOFANALYSISOFOFHYDROGEN1前言我公司目前应用的氢气纯度分析方法有两种,一种是爆炸反应法,另一种是焦性没食子酸吸收法。几年来,人们对两种分析方法的准确性曾有过褒贬不一的评论。这里我们也谈谈自己粗浅的观点。2爆炸法测定氢气纯度一定量的氢气样品与适量的空气之均匀混合物因反应后生成液体水而引起气体体积减少,减少的体积等于参加反应气体体积之和。其中l／3为氧气,2／3为氢气。根据氢气取样量和反应前后混气体体积之差,以及氢气在反应中的体积比例关系,可计算出样品的氢气纯度。计算公式式中：A一混…     

COMPARISON OF METHODS OF ANALYSIS OF GYPSUM1

The different analytical methods proposed for the evaluation of gypsum have been subjected to an experimental test. A combination method, consisting of a fusion with KHCO₃ and determination of CaO by KMnO₄ titration, the SO₃ by Andrews method of titration of BaCrO₄ has been found to give very reliable results with the least consumption of time.     

茶多酚提取方法进展

本文综述了国内外现有茶多酚提取方法的现状以及近期的研究进展，并对其优缺点进行了评价。这将有助于中低档茶的综合利用和茶多酚的进一步开发应用。     

HEASUREHENT OF INSTANTANEOUS RATES OF LOSS OF VOIATILE COMPOUNDS DURING DRYING OF DROPS

A novel technique serves to monitor instantaneous rates of loss of a volatile solute from a suspended drop during drying. A highly sensitive electron capture detector is used to monitor concentrations of SF6 released into a flowing gas stream from a suspended, drying drop. Simultaneously, the appearance and morphological development of the drop are monitored with a video camera. This provides the wherewithal of relating instantaneous rates of loss of the volatile solute to particular events during the development of particle morphology.

Initial experiments have been carried out with drops of aqueous solutions of glucose, sucrose, maltodextrin and coffee extract. The results clearly display the onset of the volatiles-retentive selective diffusion phenomenon. There is also substantial loss of the volatile component later in the drying process, when the drops undergo repeated ex ansion, bursting and cratering due to the formation of internaf bubbles. These experiments appear to be the first quantitative demonstration of major losses accompanying changes in drop morphology.     

SEDIMENTATION OF BINARY MIXTURES OF PARTICLES OF UNEQUAL DENSITIES AND OF DIFFERENT SIZES

A model is developed for the sedimentation from a suspension of two particle species of unequal densities and of different sizes. The composition and the thickness of various layers in the sediments are predicted using graphical and analytical methods. The model predictions were in excellent agreement with experimental results, when the particle size ratio was ≥ 108. When size ratio of the particles was 2.60 and 4.31 the agreement occurred in about 50 percent of the cases.     

ANALYSIS OF RECENT MEASUREMENTS OF THE VISCOSITY OF GLASSES

Viscosity of Simple Soda-Silicate 500° to 1400°C Comparison of the results given by English with those of Washburn, Shelton and Libman, indicates a discrepancy in the absolute values of log₁₀ viscosity amounting to 0.6, those of Washburn et al., being relatively too high. If correction for this is made, the isothermal curves of log₁₀ viscosity as a function of soda content are smooth up to 50% Na₂O, showing no inflection. The observations as a function of temperature T are all represented within accidental error by an equation of the type where all three constants vary regularly with the composition. Change of Viscosity of Glass (6SiO₂, 2Na₂O) due to Molecular Substitution of CaO, MgO and Al₂O₃ for Na₂O The effect is clearly brought out by plotting (from the results of English) the change of log₁₀η due to the substitution as a function of temperature. The curves each show a sharp bend at a temperature between 840° and 1050°C, which is designated the aggregation temperature T_a. If we divide these curves by the corresponding percentage substituted, we get curves for each oxide which are straight and parallel below the aggregation temperatures, the slopes (increase of change of log₁₀η per 100°C) being −0.056 (CaO), −0.055 (MgO), −0.018 (A1₂O₃) per per cent oxide substituted. For substitution of 1/2 molecule the slopes are −0.325 (CaO), −0.23 (MgO) and −0.18 (Al₂O₃) per 100°. At the aggregation temperature the change of log₁₀η per per cent is a minimum, 0.03 to 0.06 for CaO, 0.12 for MgO, 0.07 for Al₂O₃. Evidence of Aggregation in Glasses, from viscosity Measurements The sharp bends in the plots of change of log₁₀η due to substitution of an oxide for Na₂O, suggest the beginning of molecular aggregation at these temperatures. These aggregation temperatures are close to the devitrification temperatures, but the effect on the viscosity curves cannot be due to actual devitrification since it does not change with time. Taking the aggregation temperatures as equal to devitrification temperatures, additional isotherms are roughly sketched into the equilibrium triangle of the system Na₂O-CaO-SiO₂. Change of Viscosity of Glass (4SiO₂, 2Na₂O) due to of Substitution of B₂O₃ for SiO₂ The change of log₁₀η (from the results of English) is plotted as a function of temperature, and also the change of log₁₀η per per cent B₂O₃. The curves are more complex than for the substitution for Na₂O.     

环氧树脂羟基值测定方法的研究

利用乙酸酐、吡啶和浓硫酸混合的乙酰化试剂测定环氧树脂中羟基值含量的方法具有操作简便、滴定终点明显和分析结果误差小等优点。     

骑式摩托车油箱喷涂工艺的改进

面对日益激烈的市场竞争,摩托车油箱外观质量越来越成为影响销售的因素之一。文章介绍了改进工艺后的油箱涂装,该涂装体系提高了油箱外观的丰满度,降低了油箱涂装的生产成本。     

几种针状焦性能对比

针状焦分石油系和煤系两大类,这主要取决于针状焦的原料来源。在同一系列中由于原料不同和工艺条件不同 ,针状焦的各自性能也不相同。针状焦是生产超高功率石墨电极和高功率石墨电极的主要原料 ,针状焦的性能对石墨电极的质量有至关重要的影响。所以对针状焦性能以及其对石墨电极质量影响的研究十分必要的。以下是常用的几种进口针状焦和国产针状焦的性能对比。１原料性能分析对比原料试样包括４种针状焦 ,其中两种为进口针状焦：三菱针状焦和新日化针状焦;另两种为国产针状焦：鞍山针状焦和锦州针状焦。其中除锦州针状焦是石油系针状焦外…     

用两个形状指数表征粉煤灰颗粒形貌的研究

引用两个形状指数表征颗粒形状的概念,即先将颗粒形状近似为椭圆,再将椭圆图像分离:以圆为基准的颗粒宏观形状指数δ;以光滑椭圆为基准的颗粒轮廓凹凸度,即微观形状指数ζ。分析和发展了近似椭圆模型。并运用图像分析仪对粉煤灰、水泥样品进行实验。结果表明,粉煤灰颗粒的两个形状指数δ和ζ都大于水泥颗粒。证明粉煤灰颗粒的球形度、表面光滑度优于水泥,而且,随着粒径增大,δ和ζ呈下降趋势,表明磨制颗粒越粗。(?)粒形状越不规则。文中还运用近似椭圆模型再现了颗粒的模拟图像。