菌落PCR技术检测化妆品中金黄色葡萄球菌

利用菌落PCR技术,以金黄色葡萄球菌的特有基因femA为靶基因,选择特异引物．进行扩增,鉴定化妆品中金黄色葡萄球菌。琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测PCR产物结果显示,仅在含有金黄色葡萄球菌基因组的样品中得到条带。     

竹红菌乙素在Triton X-100胶束中的光谱性质及增溶效应研究

为了测定竹红菌乙素(HB)在Triton X-100(TX-100)胶束中的光谱性质及增溶情况,采用紫外-可见分光光度计和荧光分光光度计得到HB在该体系下的吸收光谱和荧光发射光谱,通过HB荧光强度的变化得到增溶情况。在TX-100胶束体系中,竹红菌乙素吸收峰的位置稍有红移且峰型变宽,且荧光发射峰的峰型和峰位均没有大的变化,但最大发射峰强度明显降低。在TX-100胶束的临界胶束浓度(CMC)为58.5μmol·L-1时,HB的最大增溶浓度为50μmol·L-1,得到HB在低浓度TX-100胶束体系中的增溶曲线。该测定方法能够为简单生物模型体系提供一些基础参考数据。     

PCR技术在食品微生物检测中的应用

随着我国经济水平的不断提升,人民群众的物质生活水平也有了较大的进步,对于食品的安全与卫生也有着较高的要求。在这样的背景之下,应当在对食品微生物进行检测时采取较为精准的技术,以确保人民的身体健康。当前在食品微生物检测中,PCR技术应用较为广泛,主要对PCR技术的含义及应用进行分析,以供参考。     

多重PCR技术在快速检测中的应用

多重PCR技术是一种将常规PCR扩增体系改进后同时扩增多个目的片段的新型技术.多重PCR凭借高通量、低成本、特异性强的特点,迅速被应用于快速检测领域及科学研究领域.简要概述了多重PCR技术,综述了多重PCR技术在病毒检测、细菌检测、血清学检测的应用,并将其与常规技术进行比较,总结了这些方法的优缺点,为今后多重PCR技术...     

酶定向进化技术及其在化学品生物转化中的应用

定向进化可有目的地按照需要改造蛋白质分子中的氨基酸残基或结构域,从而定向改造蛋白质的性质,使其成为具有人们预期功能的新型蛋白质,应用于不同化学品生物转化反应中。本文简要的介绍了酶定向进化技术及其在化学品生物转化中的应用。     

重叠PCR技术在构建sodAP基因表达载体中的应用

目的应用重叠PCR技术,构建节杆菌DMDC12的Mn-SOD基因sodAP的重组表达质粒,并在E.coliBL21(DE3)中表达。方法设计两对引物,分别扩增启动子P121和sodAP基因序列,利用重叠PCR技术,将启动子P121与sodAP基因相连接并测序,连接产物插入原核表达质粒pET-22b(+),构建重组质粒pET-PsodAP,转化E.coliBL21(DE3)进行表达。用SDS-PAGE检测表达产物,光密度定量分析法分析目的蛋白表达量。结果启动子P121和sodAP基因的连接产物经凝胶电泳检测,可见约800bp的目的条带,测序结果与预期相符;重组表达质粒pET-PsodAP经双酶切鉴定,表明构建正确;目的蛋白在E.coliBL21(DE3)中获得了表达,表达量占菌体总蛋白的19%。结论应用重叠PCR技术,成功构建了sodAP基因的重组表达质粒,并在E.coliBL21(DE3)中获得表达,为Mn-SOD的进一步工业化生产奠定了基础。     

比较分析痰涂片及荧光定量PCR在诊断肺结核中的作用

目的探讨建立更快速、准确的痰结核分枝杆菌检测方法。方法采用痰涂片抗酸染色法和荧光定量PCR技术对痰结核分枝杆菌进行检。结果荧光定量PCR技术的阳性检出率是63.7%(571/897),明显高于抗酸染色法的43.4%(389/897)。2种方法检测对照组的结果均为阴性,特异度为100%(103/103)。结论荧光定量PCR是一种快速、敏感性高、特异性强的结核分枝杆菌辅助诊断方法,具有重要的应用价值。     

DSC技术在PE100树脂分析中的应用

采用差示扫描量热法（DSC）研究了低聚物对高密度聚乙烯管材PE100热性能的影响,并且对比分析了5种国内外树脂的热行为。结果表明,通过改变树脂中低聚物配比的方法可以控制树脂的结晶行为。当等温结晶温度升高时,树脂的DSC热分级曲线的低温熔融峰面积和高温熔融峰面积的比例会发生变化。国外进口树脂的低温熔融峰面积相对较低。     

Triton X-100-无机盐双水相体系的相平衡模型及碱性蛋白酶在该体系中的分配系数模型

研究了Triton X-100-无机盐双水相萃取体系在298 K时的相行为,建立了包含界面吸附效应的非离子表面活性剂双水相液-液平衡模型及碱性蛋白酶在其中的分配系数模型,验证了模型的可靠性和适用性.研究发现,该模型对中性范围的非离子表面活性剂双水相萃取体系的相行为及碱性蛋白酶分配平衡的模拟效果较好;非离子表面活性剂在水溶液中由于易结合离子而影响相行为,使体系更易分相;无机盐增大了碱性蛋白酶的表面疏水性,使碱性蛋白酶在疏水相中增溶.     

Triton X-100反相微乳液体系制备纳米粒子的研究进展

介绍了Triton X-100反相微乳液体系的形成机理、特性和制备纳米粒子的原理,总结了采用Triton X-100体系制备纳米粒子的影响因素。综述了近年来国内外用该微乳液系统制备纳米粒子的新进展,提出了该体系制备纳米颗粒存在的问题。     

Effects of Triton X-100 and Acyclovir on Human Serum Albumin Structure

The effects of acyclovir and Triton X-100 on the behavior of human serum albumin (HSA) in a acyclovir/HSA/H₂O system were studied by UV spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy and polarization, conductivity, zeta potential, and circular dichroism. Both acyclovir and Triton X-100 affect the structure and behavior of HSA. The intrinsic fluorescence intensity, net charge of HSA and the conductivity of the system increase initially with increased acyclovir concentration, and the zeta potential of HSA decreases initially. The effects of Triton X-100 are similar to those of acyclovir except for the non-radiant energy transfer in the quenching process of Triton X-100 to HSA. The associating site of HSA with acyclovir is the same as that of HSA with Triton X-100.

Effect of Triton X-100 in water-added electrolytes on the performance of dye-sensitized solar cells

The performance of a Ru(II) dye-sensitized nanocrystalline TiO₂ solar cell (DSSC) with both Triton X-100 and water as additives in 3-methoxypropionitrile solutions is described. In the presence of these additives, the open-circuit voltage (V_oc), fill factor and stability of the cell increased, while the short-circuit photocurrent density decreased compared to those found in their absence. Based on these changes, the DSSC yielded a higher solar-to-electricity conversion efficiency of 5.9%, compared to 5.3% for the cells fabricated without the additives. Furthermore, the addition of Triton X-100 to the water-added electrolyte was found to render the Ag metal corrosion resistant.     

在TritonX－100存在下用2－QADN2，7示波极谱法测定痕量铜

合成了１－（２－喹啉偶氮）－２，７－二羟萘，研究了本试剂与铜络合物的极谱特性。在ｐＨ９．６０的缓冲溶液中，当有０．００２５％ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ－１００存在时，Ｃｕ（Ⅱ）－２－ＱＡＤＮ２，７络合物在－０．４１Ｖ产生一灵敏示波极谱波，用此波检测痕量铜的下限为１．０×１０－１０ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。     

Measurement of Hydrogen Produced during Magnesium Corrosion in Hydrochloric Acid and the Effect of the Triton X-100 Surfactant on Hydrogen Production

The goal of this article is to measure hydrogen produced during the corrosion of magnesium in HCl and the influence of the Triton X-100 surfactant on hydrogen production. It was found that the hydrogen produced during corrosion of Mg in HCl increased with increasing HCl concentration, stirring rate, temperature, and time of immersion. The addition of the Triton X-100 surfactant inhibits the amount of hydrogen evolved. The inhibition behavior was explained on the basis of adsorption of Triton X-100 molecules on the Mg surface creating a barrier for mass and charge transport, which protects the Mg surface from aggressive ions. The activation thermodynamic parameter values were calculated and explicated. Some theoretical chemical parameters were also calculated. The results obtained from the theoretical calculations are in agreement with the practical results.     

Apparent electrocatalysis on 3D nanoporous platinum film electroplated from hexagonal lyotropic liquid crystalline phase of Triton X-100

Electrocatalytic effect of nanoporous interface between platinum (Pt) and electrolyte was investigated in terms of direct electrochemical oxidation of glucose. A Pt film with 3D nanopores was electroplated from the hexagonal (H₁) lyotropic liquid crystal (LLC) phase of t-octylphenoxypolyethoxyethanol (Triton X-100), a nonionic surfactant with a phenyl group in a hydrophobic tail. This Pt film, which was electroplated from H₁-LLC of Triton X-100 (ePt-H₁-TX100), comprised closely stacked crystalline (face centered cubic) nanoparticles (diameter, 4-7 nm) with 3D nanopores (width, 1-2 nm) developed among the particles. The ePt-H₁-TX100 showed high surface roughness and selective enhancement of a sluggish redox reaction, that is, kinetic-controlled reaction such as glucose oxidation. Nonenzymatic glucose sensing can be achieved by using discriminatively enhanced sensitivity to glucose over redox active interfering molecules.     

Supported Lipid Bilayer Platform for Characterizing the Membrane-Disruptive Behaviors of Triton X-100 and Potential Detergent Replacements

Triton X-100 (TX-100) is a widely used detergent to prevent viral contamination of manufactured biologicals and biopharmaceuticals, and acts by disrupting membrane-enveloped virus particles. However, environmental concerns about ecotoxic byproducts are leading to TX-100 phase out and there is an outstanding need to identify functionally equivalent detergents that can potentially replace TX-100. To date, a few detergent candidates have been identified based on viral inactivation studies, while direct mechanistic comparison of TX-100 and potential replacements from a biophysical interaction perspective is warranted. Herein, we employed a supported lipid bilayer (SLB) platform to comparatively evaluate the membrane-disruptive properties of TX-100 and a potential replacement, Simulsol SL 11W (SL-11W), and identified key mechanistic differences in terms of how the two detergents interact with phospholipid membranes. Quartz crystal microbalance-dissipation (QCM-D) measurements revealed that TX-100 was more potent and induced rapid, irreversible, and complete membrane solubilization, whereas SL-11W caused more gradual, reversible membrane budding and did not induce extensive membrane solubilization. The results further demonstrated that TX-100 and SL-11W both exhibit concentration-dependent interaction behaviors and were only active at or above their respective critical micelle concentration (CMC) values. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that TX-100 and SL-11W have distinct membrane-disruptive effects in terms of potency, mechanism of action, and interaction kinetics, and the SLB platform approach can support the development of biophysical assays to efficiently test potential TX-100 replacements.     

曲拉通增敏的分光光度法测定水中挥发酚类

在pH=10.0±0.2的氨缓冲介质中,苯酚被(NH4)2S2O8氧化生成醌类,与4-氨基安替比林(4-AAP)反应生成橙红色的吲噪苯酚安替比林染料.加入非离子表面活性剂Triton X-100,增敏增稳,λmax=490 nm,体系在2 h内获得稳定光度值,3 h内误差小于±5%.最低检出限浓度为0.1 mg·L-1.苯酚浓度在0.5～14.5μg·mL-1范围内符合比尔定律,其线性方程为A=0.0053 12416c,ε=1.25×104L·mol-1·cm-1,RSD=3.97‰.用于挥发酚类污水样的测定,结果令人满意.     

Interaction of triton X-100 on silica: A relationship between surface characteristics and adsorption isotherms

Adsorption of Triton X-100 on various silica substrates has been investigated. A number of solids, including a natural quartz, this quartz washed with HCl acid and subsequently heated at 1273 K; two aerosils and one Kieselgel silicas were studied. These solids exhibit surface areas in the range of 5 to 430 m² g^?1. All the Triton adsorption isotherms display an S-shape at the adsorption temperatures studied (298 and 308 K). It has been found that the pretreatments of natural quartz (by water washing, impurities removed by acid and/or high temperature calcination) affect considerably the amounts of TX-100 adsorbed. Measurements of surface composition have been made by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) with particular emphasis on the presence of impurities and on the number of OH groups at the surface of the samples. The nature of the surface hydroxyl has also been studied by infrared spectroscopy. Furthermore, the specific number of hydroxyl groups on the surface of the silica samples has been determined by thermogravimetric analysis. Finally an attempt to correlate solid surface characteristics with adsorption isotherms has been developed.     

Fate of Triton X-100 Applications on Water and Soil Environments: A Review

Triton X-100 applications as surfactant raises concern on water and soil environment due to its non-biodegradability and inhibition effect. This paper aims at reviewing Triton X-100 biodegradability and inhibition literature. It shows Triton X-100 is biodegradable by aerobic and anaerobic municipal wastewater sludge and Vibrio cyclitrophicus-sp-Nov organism. Adsorption and biodegradation are mechanisms of Triton removal. Triton inhibits anaerobic sludge organisms and some single aerobic organisms. Inhibition mechanisms are substrate shortage, physiological membrane-damaging and/or alteration in organism cell membrane. Thus Triton X-100 fate in the environment and its sustainable application can be controlled via proper selection of organism type, Triton concentration, and substrate.