一种面向特征的软件产品线非功能需求建模方法

分析传统非功能需求定义的不足,基于需求分析阶段的系统抽象—"需求模型"重新定义非功能需求,规范并简化功能需求与非功能需求之间的关系。扩展面向特征的软件产品线建模方法,在特征模型中显式地建模功能需求、非功能需求、非功能需求类型以及它们之间的相互关系,沿用传统特征模型中固有的变化性建模机制建模并管理非功能需求的变化性,显式地复用与非功能需求相关的建模知识和资产,为进一步研究定量评估产品线变体质量的新技术奠定基础。设计了一个基于多视图的特征建模方法,指导开发者在迭代的过程中建模非功能需求和功能需求,支持关注点分离和模型的复杂性管控。实现了工具原型并进行了实例验证。     

一种支持多视点方法的自动需求建模

需求建模是需求工程的关键一环,以基于本体的需求获取和分析为背景,尝试将多视点方法应用到基于本体的需求建模过程中,从多个视点出发在软件工具的协助下对需求描述进行自动需求建模,从而提高需求模型的完整性.同时给出一种视点描述方法,用于对自动建模过程中使用的视点进行形式化定义.     

基于XML的软件非功能需求建模研究

本文针对当前软件设计中非功能需求描述不清楚、难以实现等问题,对软件非功能需求建模方法进行了研究,提出了一个基于XML的软件非功能需求建模方法,构建了一个软件非功能需求元模型,该模型主要包括属性、约束和实现方法三个数据单元.在此基础上,利用XML Schema定义了软件非功能需求的数据模型结构,以一个通信系统的非功能需求建模为例说明了本模型的建模过程和方法,结果表明,该建模方法有助于设计人员对软件非功能需求进行清楚的定义.     

基于UML的车间作业管理系统建模研究

车间作业管理系统是企业生产管理的一个重要环节，是企业计划层和车间执行层的接口。在介绍了系统建模语言UML的基础上，讨论了车间作业管理系统建模过程中，使用UML语言进行系统建模的方法和步骤，并使用Rational Rose工具作为UML的集成建模环境。     

软件工程大趋势：全程建模

本文在论述了有关软件危机种种问题之后，提出了一个兼收并蓄的系统分析设计的全面解决方案——全程镜像一体化建模方法，完全覆盖软件开发的中上游阶段：业务分析、需求定义、总体设计、详细设计，彻底解决了开发文档衔接的“两层皮”问题，充分满足了软件开发商要求统一各个阶段建模方式的呼声，为实现软件开发流水线化提供全的技术支持。     

基于三层结构的业务管理系统设计方法

针对业务管理系统开发过程中普遍存在的需求多变、目标难以度量以及快速交付和可持续发展的矛盾等问题,笔者在产品设计阶段进行方法改进。在产品设计阶段依序开展数据建模、交互建模以及接口定义3部分工作,并与实现阶段相衔接,形成完整的业务管理系统开发方法。利用数据模型、交互模型、应用程序接口定义3个成果,在设计阶段实现精确和具有弹性的产品设计定义,最终实现清晰的项目目标、稳定的执行过程、可持续发展的基础3个关键目标。     

面向意外处理的工作流系统建模与执行

产生于工作流系统的执行阶段、未在系统建模阶段进行描述和定义的突发事件，称为工作流意外事件，对应意外事件的处理过程，称为意外处理。该文针对意外事件，从系统建模与模型执行两个方面对工作流意外处理进行了探讨，在系统建模阶段，通过拓展Petri网中的基本概念，提出并构造了组成工作流的过程单元，在将工作流内在的逻辑关系分解为控制流与数据流的基础上，讨论了一个面向意外处理的工作流系统复合建模方法，对应工作流的模型执行，定义了两类意外处理，用矩阵形式分别表示或标识控制流、数据流和意外事件，经过矩阵分析与变换，对意外事件的影响区域进行范围界定。最后，探讨了这种意外处理方法在数据流意外处理中的实例应用。     

一个基于自适应规则库的柔性工作流模型

在传统工作流建模思想的基础上,通过综合考虑各种动态的需求以及流程中的可变因素,提出了一个基于自适应规则库的柔性工作流模型,并从形式化定义的角度出发,详细论述了规则库的设计及应用逻辑。在系统建模阶段尽可能对动态因素进行描述和定义,力求做到定义时的柔性,并允许工作流在执行时进行过程、角色、状态和异常定义的修改,力求做到运行时的适应性柔性,使工作流系统在建模定义的整体框架内可以动态地进行调整,从而实现工作流的动态性和自适应性。     

固体火箭发动机虚拟样机支撑平台建模体系研究

为满足虚拟样机支撑平台建模的复杂性需求,定义了一个三维的虚拟样机支撑平台建模体系。给出了从建模周期维、视图模型维、应用工具维分析虚拟样机支撑平台的建模策略,将支撑平台建模周期分为需求分析、原型设计、原型实施、分析优化4个阶段,重点从视图模型维对虚拟样机开发过程关键要素进行了分析,对过程、产品、组织、资源、约束5个视图进行了定义和建模,详细介绍了固体火箭发动机虚拟样机支撑平台应用工具集。     

工作流过程定义工具研究与开发

按工作流管理联盟（WfMC）的参考模型,工作流过程定义处于工作流管理系统的工作流模型创建阶段。工作流过程定义采用的建模方法有多种,采用工作流网（WFNet）方法,开发了一个基于工作流网的过程定义工具。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。