Detergents committee report

Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society -     

Detergents from synthetic olefins

Conclusion Detergents prepared from Fischer-Tropsch olefins are thus measurably better than the reference standards prepared from propylene tetramer or lauryl alcohol. The combination of straight and branched chains with both terminal and internal double bonds produces the high level of surface activity found with these synthetic olefins. Although the optimum molecular weights for the experimental sulfonates are about the same as for sulfonates from polymer olefins, the surface activity is somewhat better. In physical properties these sulfonates are superior to polymer-olefin sulfonates in resistance to caking and in rate of solution. The optimum experimental sulfates, of 14- through 16-carbon atoms, are superior to lauryl sulfate. The branched structure of these alkyl sulfates probably gives rise to their soft, waxy, and hygroscopic character. Total mixtures of these experimental products are better than the respective reference standards. Both types of detergents prepared from Fischer-Tropsch olefins are about equivalent. The alkylbenzene sulfonates appear to be superior to similar products now in every-day use. Although Fischer-Tropsch olefins are a promising source of raw material for detergents, there is no assurance that they will be commercially available in the near future. Presented at the 28th fall meeting, American Oil Chemists' Society, Minneapolis, Minn., Oct. 11–13, 1954.     

洗涤剂的进展

从世界浓缩粉的市场及配方入手 ,综述了浓缩粉所用表面活性剂及助剂、添加剂的性能与发展趋势 ,同时阐述了洗涤剂浓缩化带来的影响。     

家用洗涤剂中的复合酶术(英文)

在过去 30年中 ,4类酶 (蛋白酶、淀粉酶、脂肪酶、纤维素酶 )已被确认为家用洗涤剂的关键组成。我们将讨论上述 4种酶应用效果的最新进展 ,以及如何对它们的效果进行评价。家庭洗涤是一个十分复杂的过程 ,因为它涉及许多相互关联和不易界定的变数 ,如织物、污垢、洗涤条件和洗涤剂的组成。确定酶在复杂洗涤混合物中的效果仍是一项挑战性的任务 ,需要彻底了解相关的基本机理。研究结果提供了在实际洗涤条件下可取得预期的酶效果的新视角 ,并提出在酶洗涤剂中如何将各种酶进行最佳复配的指南     

浅谈洗涤助剂

概述了洗涤助剂的基本功能,包括软化水、提供碱度、碱缓冲能力、悬乳分散污垢能力和液体携污能力等。还讨论了助剂性能评价方法,并对新型热点助剂δ－层状硅酸钠的特点和应用范围及前景提出自己的看法。     

结构型重垢液体洗涤剂

叙述了结构型重垢液体洗涤剂中球形层状液晶的特性 ,影响球形层状液晶形成的因素及其体积分数对结构型重垢液体洗涤剂稳定性的影响。介绍了电解质、聚合物和抗絮凝聚合物对结构型重垢液体洗涤剂粘度、稳定性的影响及其作用机理。