民用太阳能热水器的防雷措施应用

本文根据民用台式太阳能热水器的工作和安装特点,结合雷电引入的途径,从建筑物直击雷防护、感应雷防护两个方面着手,分别论述了直击雷防护措施和感应雷防护措施以及屏蔽、等电位、浪涌保护器安装等措施,从而有效地减少和避免雷击事故的发生,也为太阳能热水器安装厂家提供了全面的防雷施工方法.     

太阳能热水器与建筑一体化设计安装防雷比较

介绍了屋顶太阳能热水器应该采取的防雷措施,对太阳能热水器与建筑一体化设计安装几种常见形式的防雷安全性能进行了分析比较,并分别提出了需采取的防雷措施。     

太阳能热水器的雷电防护

通过分析太阳能热水器遭雷击的方式,针对目前太阳能热水器防雷安全隐患较大的现状,从防直击雷、防雷电感应及电磁波脉冲等方面进行了论述,并提出了有效防护的措施,以减少雷电灾害对太阳能热水器的使用造成的危害。     

小高层强制安装太阳能热水器的可行性研究

对小高层强制安装太阳能热水器的可行性进行了研究分析,先从理论上进行了系统设计的方案选择,然后用计算机模拟的手段进行了论证,提出了在建筑物屋顶以及各墙面安装太阳能热水器的可行性及利用效率,从而解决了小高层安装太阳能热水器难的问题。     

两种新型太阳能热水器系统的研究与应用

太阳能热水器作为太阳能光热利用技术的重要方式,其对能源的节约与利用有着重要的意义,但同时安装条件及使用环境也对其安全性和稳定性有较大影响。鉴于此,本文提出了两种新型太阳能热水器,在提高热水器效率的同时,实现了建筑一体化。     

太阳能热水器集中保温引管系统及安装桥架系统

太阳能热水器水管集中保温引管系统和热水器就位桥架是为解决目前太阳能热水器应用过程中存在的问题而开发的两项新技术。它既达到了统一引管、统一保温的功效,又保障热水器分户安装、分户使用的要求。有利于太阳能热水系统的推广和安装,有利于太阳能热水器与建筑的一体化建设。     

阳台热水器安装

现代城市以多层和高层住宅为主,屋顶安装位置普遍较小,不能满足所有的住户都安装使用太阳能热水器,同时太阳能在安装中破坏已有建筑结构的现象时有发生、甚至造成安全问题,许多太阳能热水器安装的杂乱不规则也影响了城市建筑美观。阳台壁挂太阳能产品有效的解决了中高层建筑中安装太阳能的难题。     

太阳能热水系统与建筑整合设计研究

本文结合太阳能热水器与建筑整合设计的概念、原则,根据建筑形式,提出了整合设计的流程、设计要点,并介绍了太阳能热水器与建筑整合设计同步、安装与施工同步及太阳能热水器走构件化、模块化、标准化道路。     

平屋面太阳能热水器安装方法的改进

太阳能热水器作为一种采光集热的设备，具有构造简单、安装方便、价格低廉、安全耐久、效果良好等优点，备受人们的青睐。太阳能热水器通常是安装在平屋面上，其供水源和用水点在用户的卫生间或厨房间，通过供水管和溢水管相连通。观察发现，多层住宅安装使用太阳能热水器存在不少问题，主要表现在以下几个方面。１．多数住宅建筑不把太阳能热水器作为土建或安装工程的设计和施工内容。当工程竣工后，用户自行购置、安装太阳能热水器。２．供水管和溢水管没有专用的安装通道。用户往往借助卫生间或厨房间的抽气管道来安装供（溢）水管，改变…     

太阳能热水器供排水系统的安设和使用

在一些中小城镇,还没有安装锅炉供水的住宅楼,大多在楼顶安设了太阳能热水器,这对节约能源、保护环境和方便居民生活起到了积极的作用。太阳能热水器在安装使用上,由于供排水系统存有一定缺陷,不仅使用不方便,而且浪费水。山东省平邑县水利局宿舍楼,总结各地经验安设太阳能热水器,收到了较好的效果。现以第三层为例,将太阳能热水器供水系统的布设安装介绍如下。     

整体式太阳热水器的评价

阐述了等截面与不等截面整体式太阳热水器的特点及机理,通过对比试验,对其进行分析和评价。经测试及计算,不等截面太阳热水器的平均热效率、吸热板与水之间的换热系数均高于等截面太阳热水器,而其热损系数则低于等截面太阳热水器。因此,不等截面太阳热水器的热性能优于等截面太阳热水的热性能。     

Wind loads on residential and large-scale solar collector models

Previous studies on solar water heaters have mainly focused on the thermal efficiency of various types of solar collectors, and there has been limited work done on the aerodynamic characteristics of solar collectors or their supporting structure. However, typhoons are among the natural hazards that have a costly impact on residential construction and solar water heaters are usually installed on the flat roofs of buildings for hot water production. Thus, the safety of solar water heaters under severe wind load during typhoon season is a critical issue in the promotion of solar water heaters. In this study, an experimental program was conducted to examine the aerodynamic characteristics of solar collector models (residential and large-scale solar water heaters). The unit sectional uplift coefficient with or without a guide plate is also addressed. Measurements of mean longitudinal and spanwise surface pressure were performed. The data show that the presence of a water storage tank (or a horizontal cylinder) tends to reduce the suction force on the upper surface within the first half of the tilt flat panel (solar collector). Stronger negative longitudinal differential mean pressure is observed for the test case of a tilt flat panel only, which corresponds to strong wind load. The inverted U-shape of mean spanwise pressure distributions is also noted. With a guide plate, less wind load and more uniformity of spanwise differential mean pressure distributions are associated with a larger projected area of a guide plate on the lower surface of a tilt flat panel. This is essentially attributed to the attenuation of corner vortices and a decrease in uplift force.     

太阳能热水器的防雷设计

对雷击太阳能热水器的机理进行分析,指出直击雷、雷电反击以及雷电波侵入都可造成热水器的损坏。并提出了防雷的措施,主要是利用屋顶安装的避雷针(带)来实现防直击雷保护,在浴室内做局部等电位联结,以及在电源线上加装电涌保护器。     

生活热水制备方式的一次能耗比较分析

以电热水器、燃气热水器、空气源热水器和太阳能热水器4种常用的生活热水制备方式为研究对象,比较分析了一次能源消耗情况,为选用更为节能的生活热水制备方式提供参考。     

Performance evaluation of evacuated tube solar domestic hot water systems in Hong Kong

Evacuated tube solar water heaters are increasingly in use in Hong Kong because of their good thermal efficiency and high water temperature achievable as compared to the flat-plate solar water heaters. But so far their thermal performance has not been systematically evaluated and therefore not well known to the users. This paper reports our experimental and numerical works on evaluating the performance of the two common types of evacuated tube solar water heaters for domestic hot-water applications. These are the single-phase open thermosyphon system and the two-phase closed thermosyphon system. Our results show that the daily and annual thermal performance of the two-phase closed thermosyphon solar collector is slightly better than the single-phase open thermosyphon design. But the payback periods of the two are relatively the same because of the higher initial costs of the two-phase closed thermosyphon collector system. Although economically they are less attractive than the flat-plate type collector system, they are suitable for applications in advanced systems with higher temperature demands.     

高校学生宿舍热水系统建设模式选择

学生生活热水是校园耗能的重要部分之一,合理选择生活热水系统的热源是节能校园建设的一个关键因素。空气能热水器被称为"第四代热水器",与之前"燃气热水器"、"电热水器"、"太阳能热水器"相比,在各方面均有非常明显的优势。目前高校采用较多的太阳能+空气能热水系统是一种最安全的系统,其建设模式多采用BOT投资模式。     

Experimental analysis of the performance of a solar flat plate water heater with and without internal fins

Generally increasing, an increase in the surface area will increase the heat transfer capability of a solar collector and possibly its efficiency. Conventional solar water heaters have longitudinal fins attached externally to the collector tubes for reaping the benefits of enhanced heat transfer. Attempts have been made towards providing internal fins (spirally grooved copper tubes), in addition to the existing external fins for analysing its influence on efficiency and outlet temperature. Two identical solar water heaters with a capacity of 25?L per day were designed and fabricated, one with a collector with plain (unfinned) internals and another with internal grooving (finned tube). The paper details the temperature profile observed in the two collectors, variation of thermo-siphon mechanism and change in efficiency of the solar water heaters with respect to time. It has been observed that providing internal fins had led to an increase in efficiency of about 4.5% as compared to conventional plain tubes.