浅析锅炉等离子点火燃烧器的正确使用

能源紧缺以及环境保护的要求使得火电厂燃油受限,继而等离子点火燃烧器替代了传统锅炉点火稳燃燃烧的轻柴油,本文就离子点火燃烧器在金山热电厂1#、2#锅炉的运行情况,对影响其稳定运行的各参数的控制,投运等离子点火发生器的注意事项,及运用等离子点火发生器防止炉爆燃的安全措施等方面进行了全面的分析论述。     

等离子无油点火技术

等离子无油点火是利用等离子发生器将空气电离为阴、阳粒子,并在其间产生高温电弧,从而直接点燃煤粉的点火技术。本文主要对等离子无油技术、系统组成、应用中存在的问题及应对措施进行简介。     

煤在直流电弧等离子体中的气化

实验利用由我国完全自主研制的一套直流电弧等离子体煤气化装置，以空气为等离子发生器气源，大同煤为原料，在水蒸气参与下，初步考察了工艺条件（等离子发生器功率，供煤速率和空气流量等）对等离子体煤气化过程的影响。并优化了部分工艺参数。同时发现没有液体焦油生成，并且在气相产物中没有检测到甲烷。     

基于超高温光谱的C/C材料烧蚀产物研究

用“星形”等离子发生器及国产的等离子体火炬进行了炭基复合材料烧蚀实验，采用实验中光谱检测对烧蚀产物进行了分析。经分析发现：在“星形”等离子发生器产生的3500K以下烧蚀环境的光谱中，产物以CO为主，而在国产的等离子体火炬产生的5500K以上烧蚀环境的光谱中，产物以CN、C2、C1和CO为主。光谱检测结果与热化学烧蚀计算的产物吻合得很好，验证了热化学计算的正确性。     

ICP法测定锌液中的5种元素

采用电感耦合等离子发射(ICP)光谱法对锌液中的铁、铝、铜、铅、锑的分析方法进行了试验。通过对分析谱线、射频发生器(RF)功率、雾化器流量、溶液提升量的选择,确定了仪器的最佳工作条件。并考察了试样基体、硝酸用量对分析结果的影响,考察了方法的检出限、精密度和回收率。试验证明:方法具有简便、快速、灵敏度高、检出限低的特点,可以满足分析要求。     

天然气低压热风发生器的研制

本文介绍了一种天然气低压热风发生器的结构、工作原理、设计原则、试验及使用过程.该发生器利用燃气燃烧的特性,采用简单实用的结构,实现了运行稳定、操作方便、调温范围宽的设计目标,满足了热风烤窑的特殊要求.     

基于DDS的随钻电阻率测量仪信号发生器设计

基于直接数字频率合成技术(Direct Digital Synthesize,DDS)设计了一种应用于随钻电磁波电阻率仪器的信号发生器.该信号发生器结合了DDS和MCU技术,实现了信号的可编程控制,输出信号的频率和相位可调,并具有频率分辨率高、输出稳定、转换速度快等优点.文中研究了DDS的工作原理,设计了电路结构并给出了高阶滤波器的设计方法.经实际应用表明所设计的信号发生器可靠性高、稳定性好,能够满足随钻电阻率测井的需要.     

非常规等离子喷涂技术及其特点分析

本文简要介绍了反应等离子喷涂、微束等离子喷涂、层流等离子喷涂和电磁脉冲辅助-等离子喷涂等几种非常规等离子喷涂技术的原理、特点和研究现状.通过这几种非常规等离子喷涂技术特点分析,以期从中获取对未来等离子喷涂工艺发展的一些启示.     

ICP-AES法测定Pd/γ-Al2O3-SiO2催化剂中微量钯

建立了用电感耦合等离子发射光谱（ICP-AES）法测定Pd／γ-Al2O3-SiO2催化剂中微量钯含量的方法。确定了适宜的炬管高度、火焰水平位置、高频发生器正向功率及进样速度,考察了基体效应,在此条件下测定的数据具有较高的重复性和回收率。用该法对实际样品进行了分析,得到满意的结果。     

ICP-AES法测定Pd/-γAl_2O_3-SiO_2催化剂中微量钯

建立了用电感耦合等离子发射光谱(ICP-AES)法测定Pd/-γAl2O3-SiO2催化剂中微量钯含量的方法。确定了适宜的炬管高度、火焰水平位置、高频发生器正向功率及进样速度,考察了基体效应,在此条件下测定的数据具有较高的重复性和回收率。用该法对实际样品进行了分析,得到满意的结果。     

焦油一次汽化温度计算方法的探讨

利用相平衡原理得出的焦油蒸馏时一次汽化温度的计算方法,其结果与按经验公式的计算结果进行了比较,同时讨论了一次汽化温度与焦油馏分产率及二段蒸发器过热蒸汽用量的关系。     

Techniques for screening adhesives for structural applications

—Due to its chemistry, no structural adhesive system (epoxies, acrylics, etc.) is likely to offer an ideal combination of toughness, strength, moisture resistance, and ambient-temperature curing. Therefore, for effective use of adhesives in primary structures, an engineer must be able to identify adhesives that represent an optimum compromise among the different properties. In this paper, we present techniques for screening high-strength, ambient-temperature-curing adhesives for (1) moisture resistance under sustained loading and (2) fracture resistance in a way that is directly related to joint performance.     

Efficacy for Whitlockite for Augmenting Spinal Fusion

Whitlockite (WH) is the second most abundant inorganic component of human bone, accounting for approximately 25% of bone tissue. This study investigated the role of WH in bone remodeling and formation in a mouse spinal fusion model. Specifically, morphology and composition analysis, tests of porosity and surface area, thermogravimetric analysis, an ion-release test, and a cell viability test were conducted to analyze the properties of bone substitutes. The MagOss group received WH, Group A received 100% beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), Group B received 100% hydroxyapatite (HAp), Group C received 30% HAp/70% β-TCP, and Group D received 60% HAp/40% β-TCP (n = 10 each). All mice were sacrificed 6 weeks after implantation, and micro-CT, hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, and Masson trichome (MT) staining and immunohistochemistry were performed. The MagOss group showed more homogeneous and smaller grains, and nanopores (<500 nm) were found in only the MagOss group. On micro-CT, the MagOss group showed larger fusion mass and better graft incorporation into the decorticate mouse spine than other groups. In the in vivo experiment with HE staining, the MagOss group showed the highest new bone area (mean: decortication group, 9.50%; A, 15.08%; B, 15.70%; C, 14.76%; D, 14.70%; MagOss, 22.69%; p < 0.0001). In MT staining, the MagOss group demonstrated the highest new bone area (mean: decortication group, 15.62%; A, 21.41%; B, 22.86%; C, 23.07%; D, 22.47%; MagOss, 26.29%; p < 0.0001). In an immunohistochemical analysis for osteocalcin, osteopontin, and CD31, the MagOss group showed a higher positive area than other groups. WH showed comparable bone conductivity to HAp and β-TCP and increased new bone formation. WH is likely to be used as an improved bone substitute with better bone conductivity than HAp and β-TCP.     

Demand Increases for New Fungicides for Rice

<正> After June this year China's regions growingmiddle and late rice had widespread blastand sheath/culm blight.Such diseasesplagued 19.2 million hectares.Starting fromJuly the market for new fungicides that cancontrol blast and sheath/culm blight for ricewas more and more active.Makers of traditional pesticides for thecontrol of blast have to contend with fiercecompetition from new pesticides in marketthis year.Kitazine,iprobenfos,isoprothiolane and tricyclazole,oftenused by farmers in the past,are graduallybeing replaced by new varieties with high