车削TA15切削力的试验研究与分析

通过单因素和正交切削试验对TA15进行车削加工,分析切削用量对切削力的影响规律,结合极差分析研究切削用量对切削力影响的主次关系,得到最优切削参数。结果表明:切削深度对切削力的影响最大,其次为进给量,切削速度对切削力的影响最小;由于在车削加工中切屑形态对切削力造成一定的影响,切削力随进给量和切削深度的增加而增大,随切削速度的增加呈现波动的趋势。     

通过切削参数的优选控制振动对超精密加工表面质量影响

:介绍一种通过合理选择切削参数控制振动对超精密加工表面质量影响的新方法。通过因子实验 ,设计建立的振幅预测模型 ,研究超精密车削铝合金过程中主要切削参数 ,如切削速度、进给量和切削深度的变化对振动的影响。并利用优化设计中的约束变尺度法编制程序 ,实现了对切削参数的优选。     

通过切削参数的优选控制振动对超精密加工表面质量的影响

介绍一种通过合理选择切削参数控制振动对超精密加工表面质量影响的新方法。通过因子实验，设计建立的振幅预测模型，研究超精密车削铝合金过程中主要切削参数，如切削速度、进给量和切削深度的变化对振动的影响。并利用优化设计中的约束变尺度法编制程度，实现了对切割参数的优选。     

钛合金车削切削力及表面粗糙度优化分析

采用TC11钛合金车削正交试验研究了各车削参数对切削温度和切削力的影响规律,进一步分析车削参数和表面粗糙度的内在联系。结果表明：切削温度与切削力相互影响,当切削速度在50～100m/min时,切削速度越高,刀具对工件挤压越剧烈,且切削温度升高并使工件软化,导致切削力减小。通过极差分析发现,影响切削力的切削参数依次为切削深度>进给量>切削速度,影响切削温度的切削参数依次为切削速度>进给量>切削深度;对于表面粗糙度各切削用量影响程度大小依次为进给量>切削速度>切削深度。在本次试验参数内,得到了最优切削力的切削参数和最优表面粗糙度的切削参数。研究结果对于加工钛合金的切削参数优化提供一定指导。     

304不锈钢超声辅助切削研究

通过霍普金森杆试验确定304不锈钢的本构模型,在ANSYS软件中建立工件和刀具模型,设置切削加工参数和超声参数,进行超声辅助车削仿真试验得到相应切削力,并与理论模型进行比对,确定仿真试验的正确性。分析仿真数据,利用单因素分析法研究超声辅助切削过程中超声振幅、切削速度、切削深度和进给量对切削力的影响。结果表明:在相同切削参数下,相比于传统车削,超声辅助切削304不锈钢可有效降低切削力;随着超声振幅的增大,切削力先变小后变大;超声振幅A=23μm时,切削力最小。在给定的车削加工参数范围内、保证加工效率和工件质量的前提下,超声辅助车削304不锈钢最优车削加工参数为:超声振幅A=23μm,切削速度v_c=21m/min,切削深度a_p=0.1mm,进给量f=0.08mm/r。     

TA15钛合金切削振动与表面质量关系研究

通过单因素试验对TA15进行外圆车削加工,采集振动信号并提取信号特征值,分析了切削用量对切削振动和表面粗糙度的影响规律,揭示切削用量对振动的影响,并根据正交试验结果分析切削用量对振动和表面粗糙度影响的主次关系,得到优化的切削用量。试验研究表明:切削用量中,切深对切削振动影响最大,其次为进给量,切削速度影响最小。改变进给量时,振动加速度与表面粗糙度近似成线性正比关系;改变切深时,振动加速度随表面粗糙度的增加而增加。     

复杂工况数控车削加工振动敏感点测试与分析

为研究复杂工况参数(主轴转速、进给量、切削深度等)对车削振动的动态耦合性影响,提出一种敏感点振动测试分析方法。以轴类零件数控车削加工工艺系统为研究对象,在工艺系统数字样机中加入复杂工况模型进行仿真测试以确定振动敏感点和不同工况下敏感点的振幅频率动态响应。实验结果表明:相对于主轴转速和切削深度,进给量对车削振动的影响最大,与数值模拟结果一致。     

超声振动车削TC4钛合金的切削性能研究

为了探究超声振动车削过程中切削力和切削温度的变化规律,使用Third Wave Advant Edge切削仿真软件,基于POWER-LOW本构模型和ALE网格划分方法建立TC4钛合金车削加工的有限元模型,获得传统车削与超声振动车削的切削力和最高切削温度变化情况。结合超声振动车削中刀具切削速度和位移变化规律,对传统车削与超声振动车削的切削力和最高切削温度变化规律展开对比分析;探究超声振动车削中的工件进给速度、刀具振频和振幅对切削力的影响规律,实现各加工参数的最优组合,为实际加工提供参考。     

TC11钛合金力热耦合仿真分析及双目标参数优化

针对TC11钛合金材质的某型航天盘类零件难加工问题,采用ABAQUS仿真平台,基于实际切削参数,对车削过程中的切削力、热分布规律以及切削参数交互作用进行了研究。首先采用单因素实验,探究了切削力和热分布规律,其次采用正交实验法,研究了交互作用下的切削力和热分布规律,并拟合出切削力、热的多元线性回归模型,最后对回归模型进行双目标优化。实验结果表明,切削用量对切削力的影响排序为:切削深度>进给量>切削速度,对切削温度的影响排序为进给量>切削速度>切削深度。回归模型高度拟合试验,算法寻优可以有效地优化切削参数,降低切削力和切削热。     

6061铝合金径向超声振动车削的表面完整性研究

为研究径向超声振动参数及切削参数对车削6061铝合金表面残余应力、表面粗糙度以及表面形貌的影响,采用与普通车削进行对比的方法对6061铝合金进行纵向超声振动切削试验。结果表明:与普通车削相比,径向超声振动辅助车削能显著提高零件加工表面的残余压应力;在两种切削方式下,表面残余压应力均随切削速度的增加而增大;在相同切削参数下,随着径向超声振幅的增加,6061铝合金加工表面的残余压应力变大;与普通车削相比,径向超声振动车削使工件表面的粗糙度变大,并且伴随振幅的增加,表面粗糙度呈上升趋势;通过对加工表面的三维形貌进行观测发现,超声振动辅助车削能有效抑制传统车削加工中的积屑瘤和鳞刺等表面缺陷,并显著提高加工表面质量。     

超声振动车削W-Fe-Ni表面质量及其形貌特征研究

采用普通车削及振动车削方法对W-Fe-Ni合金材料进行了加工试验,分析了各切削参数、振动参数对加工表面粗糙度的影响程度,认为除进给量外,振动参数也是较显著的影响因素。通过X射线衍射仪、白光干涉仪、扫描电镜对试件表面进行显微形貌观测,证实了振动车削时刀具对加工表面的强烈熨压效应。结果表明,振动车削中,合理选择车削参数和振动参数可以获得良好的加工表面。     

动态切削力对切削颤振的影响

以外圆车削实验为依据,建立加工过程中刀具振动的非线性动力学模型,并采用数值分析方法,研究切削力中的动态分量对切削颤振的影响.结果表明,随速度变化的切削力分量对颤振幅值影响较小,而且会在短时间内被系统内的结构阻尼所衰减.而与加速度成非线性关系的切削力分量对颤振的影响却很显著,而且加速度系数有临界值存在,当超过这个临界值后,颤振的理论幅度将急剧增大.     

Influence of flank texture patterns on the suppression of chatter vibration and flank adhesion in turning operations

In this paper, we propose a practical texture design on the tool flank face for suppressing chatter vibration and flank adhesion. To avoid chatter vibration during cutting, the process damping phenomena can be utilized, where the tool flank face contacts the surface of a finished workpiece to provide a damping effect. As a new technology for an effective process damping, the tool flank texture-assisted technique has been proposed, and its excellent performance in suppressing chatter vibration has been demonstrated. However, issues that can lead to adhesion and tool damage pose challenges from a practical viewpoint. To overcome such issues, this paper proposes new texture geometries that improve the practical performance: parallel line type, vertical line type, and dot type. The results of a series of finite element analyses showed that the effectiveness of process damping depends on the vibration amplitude and wavelength. The proposed flank textures were fabricated on tool flank faces, and turning tests were carried out. The experimental results showed that the proposed tool is stabler than the conventional untextured tool and that it can more effectively improve the critical cutting speed, reduce the vibration amplitude, and decrease the surface roughness after cutting. With the appropriate design of the texture distance, adhesion and tool damage were hardly observed, and a stable and practical cutting could be realized.     

车削Inconel 625锯齿形切屑形成对颤振影响的试验研究

为研究高温合金Inconel 625车削过程中锯齿形切屑的产生对颤振的影响,本文通过有限元软件对车削刀具、机床主轴等部件进行模态仿真,获取对应的模态频率;进行不同切削参数的车削试验,采集加速度信号并进行频域分析以获取其FFT功率谱。通过超景深显微镜观察切屑形态,并计算不同切削参数下的切屑锯齿化频率。对比仿真和试验结果发现:当切屑锯齿化频率接近于车床某部件的主振频率时,产生了较大的颤振峰值,这说明锯齿形切屑的产生会诱导切削颤振发生,对切削过程稳定性产生了不利的影响。     

The use of D-optimal design for modeling and analyzing the vibration and surface roughness in the precision turning with a diamond cutting tool

Using a diamond cutting tool in the precision turning process, the vibration of tool-tip has an undesirable effect on the machined surface??s quality. The objective of this paper is to present the mathematical models for modeling and analyzing the vibration and surface roughness in the precision turning with a diamond cutting tool. Machining parameters including the spindle speed, feed rate and cutting depth were chosen as numerical factor, and the status of lubrication was regarded as the categorical factor. An experimental plan of a four-factor??s (three numerical plus one categorical) D-optimal design based on the response surface methodology was employed to carry out the experimental study. A micro-cutting test is conducted to visualize the effect of vibration of tool-tip on the performance of surface roughness. With the experimental values up to a 95% confidence interval, it is fairly well for the experimental results to present the mathematical models of the vibration and surface roughness. Results show that the spindle speed and the feed rate have the greatest influence on the longitudinal vibration amplitude, and the feed rate and the cutting depth play major roles for the transverse vibration amplitude. As the spindle speed increases, the overall vibration of tool-tip tends to more stable condition which leads to the results of the best machined surface. The effects of the feed rate and cutting depth provide the reinforcement on the overall vibration to cause the unstability of cutting process and exhibit the result of the worst machined surface.     

分离型超声波振动车削抑制颤振的实验规律研究

采用功率谱分析技术证实了由Janet Devine现发的分离型超声波振动切削对颤振的抑制作用,并由正交实验设计确定各主要参数对其抑振效果的影响程度。实验给出了切削速度v_o,刀具超声波振动振幅A及其搭配(交互作用)对抑振因子r的影响规律,这一结果与作者在文献^[1][2][3]中提出的分离型超声波振动切削消减颤振的理论相吻合。     

Investigation of cutting parameters effect for minimization of sur face roughness in internal turning

Minimizing the surface roughness is one of the primary objectives in most of the machining operations in general and in internal turning in particular. Poor control on the cutting parameters due to long boring bar generates non conforming parts which results in increase in cost and loss of productivity due to rework or scrap. In this study, the Taguchi method is used to minimize the surface roughness by investigating the rake angle effect on surface roughness in boring performed on a CNC lathe. The control parameters included besides tool rake angle were insert nose radius, cutting speed, depth of cut, and feedrate. Slight tool wear was included as a noise factor. Based on Taguchi Orthogonal Array L18, a series of experiments were designed and performed on AISI 1018 steel. Analysis of variance, ANOVA, was employed to identify the significant factors affecting the surface roughness and S/N ratio was used to find the optimal cutting combination of the parameters. It was concluded that tool with a high positive rake angle and smaller insert nose radius produced lower surface roughness value in an internal turning operation. It was also concluded that high feedrate and low cutting speed has produced the lowest surface roughness.     

超声振动改善深孔镗削加工质量

深孔加工在航空发动机制造过程中广泛存在,由于其刚性弱,静态让刀量大,导致加工颤振和刀具磨损严重,使得其加工质量难以得到保证。超声振动切削作为一种特种切削加工手段,具有降低切削力,提高系统刚性和抑制加工颤振等优势。将超声振动应用于深孔镗削,进行了断屑条件验证,孔径误差测量,已加工表面粗糙度测量以及表面形貌观测等试验。试验结果表明,超声振动镗削能够有效缓解深孔镗削过程中的堵屑问题,减小孔径误差和表面粗糙度,抑制切削颤振,从而改善深孔镗削加工质量。     

超声振动精密切削振幅对工件尺寸误差的影响

精密超声振动切削是将一定振幅的高频振动添加到刀具的运动过程中的一种加工方式,具有切削力小,加工精度高,加工表面质量好等特点。采用动力学分析方法利用二自由度的振动切削工件-刀具系统模型,并借鉴普通切削中对切削力的分析方法,首次从理论上实现了对振动切削中刀具振幅对工件变形影响的研究,并采用数值模拟的方法给出它的变化规律:在精密振动切削使用的振幅范围内,刀具振幅的变大会使工件的净位移减小、进而使工件的尺寸误差减小。同时,给出了不同刀具前角、切削速度和切削深度条件下,工件尺寸误差随振幅变化的规律。     

Modelling of segmentation-driven vibration in machining

Excessive vibration, such as chatter, is a common problem in machining processes. Meanwhile, numerous hard, brittle metals have been shown to form segmented chips, also known as sawtooth chips, during machining. In the literature, a cyclic cutting force has been demonstrated where segmented chips are formed, with the force cycle corresponding to the formation of segments. Segmented chip formation has been shown to be linked to high vibration levels in turning and milling processes. Additionally, it has been proposed that the amplitude of chatter vibrations can be limited by interference between the tool flank and wavy workpiece surface, a phenomenon known as tool-flank process damping. In this contribution, a model is proposed to predict the amplitude of forced vibration arising due to the formation of segmented chips during turning. The amplitude of vibration was calculated as a function of cutting parameters. It was demonstrated that the model can be extended to account for the effect of tool-flank process damping. For validation, titanium Ti6Al4V alloy was turned using a flexible toolholder, with surface speed ranging from 10 to 160 m/min, feed rate from 0.1 to 0.7 mm/rev and width of cut from 0.35 to 4 mm. In the experimental validation, 25 of 68 test cuts exhibited high-amplitude vibration. In 16 of these cases, the main cause was concluded to be chip segmentation, which can be predicted by the model. The model is thus considered of practical value to machinists.