波纹钢腹板预应力混凝土叠合板的抗弯性能试验研究

提出一种新型的预应力混凝土叠合板——波纹钢腹板预应力混凝土叠合板(PCCW板),通过对7块跨度为2700mm的PCCW板进行单向均布加载试验,研究了PCCW板的抗弯刚度、抗弯承载力、抗裂性能、钢与混凝土协同工作的整体受力性能。试验结果表明:PCCW板的抗弯承载力和抗弯刚度均较高,完全能满足施工阶段的要求。通过参数比较分析,发现波纹钢腹板厚度、上部混凝土翼缘高度、波纹腹板开孔均对PCCW板的抗弯性能有影响。     

考虑高阶剪切变形硬夹芯夹层板弯曲研究

基于指数型高阶剪切变形理论分析硬夹芯夹层板的位移模式,并考虑了面板的抗弯刚度,应用广义虚位移原理推导了硬夹芯夹层板的基本方程。详细研究了横向载荷作用下四边简支的硬夹芯夹层板的弯曲,对比计算了夹芯刚度变化对计算结果的影响,并与基于一阶变形的Reissner理论和邓宗白等修正硬夹芯模型进行了对比。探讨了中面法线变形后的形状和厚度方向剪应变分布情况,由于文中考虑了高阶剪切变形,从而提高了研究精度。     

一对边固定一对边自由夹层板的抗弯分析

对夹层板的抗弯性能进行了分析,求得了夹层板的抗弯挠度公式,通过假设面层内的应力呈线性分布而提出了计算夹层板的抗弯刚度公式的方法,并与ANSYS计算结果进行比较后,得出了一些有益的结论。     

钢-聚氨酯夹层桥面板抗弯性能参数分析

为探讨钢-聚氨酯夹层板的弯曲基本性能,本文采用数值计算的方法,通过模拟四边简支夹层板受垂直板面的局部均布力作用,分析了钢面板厚度、芯层厚度和芯层弹性模量三个参数变化对该种夹层板的应力状况和抗弯性能的影响。得出钢面板厚度和芯层厚度能有效降低钢面板的弯曲应力水平,提高板的抗弯刚度,而芯层弹性模量对夹层板的抗弯性能则基本无影响。     

钢框架梁翼缘削弱型节点单元刚度矩阵及内力分析

梁柱连接采用翼缘削弱型节点(RBS)可促使节点塑性铰外移,提高结构延性,达到节点抗震设计目的.采用能量法推导出梁翼缘削弱型节点的单元刚度矩阵和转角位移方程,通过实例进行内力分析.研究结果表明:RBS节点导致梁的抗弯刚度、刚架的抗侧刚度降低,使梁的固端弯矩减小,跨中弯矩增加,反弯点位置前移;梁单元刚度矩阵中各元素较普通节...     

基于拟夹层板法的高温及过火后网架结构计算方法研究

常温条件下,网架结构的拟夹层板法具有精度高、计算方便等特点,广泛应用于工程实际,但是高温条件下结构钢的性能蜕化,拟夹层板法的应用受到限制.将拟夹层板法位移计算离散化,提出一个适用于高温条件下的位移计算公式.以典型的正放四角锥网架结构为研究对象,考虑高温下材料热力学参数,选取材料弹塑性本构模型,采用几何非线性计算方法,通过对常温下拟夹层板法位移公式的修正,得到火灾高温下网架结构位移的简化计算方法.计算高温过火后网架结构有限元分析得到的位移值,统计有限元结果与拟夹层板法的比值,得到基于拟夹层板法的火灾后网架结构跨中位移的简化计算方法.     

管端肋对现浇混凝土空心板抗弯刚度的影响分析

采用等效系统法,对现浇混凝土空心板中管端肋对板两个方向抗弯刚度的影响进行推导与分析,证明管端肋对板抗弯刚度的贡献不大,在一定条件下,其对板刚度的影响可忽略不计。     

地震作用下短肢剪力墙结构的协同工作分析

通过对短肢剪力墙结构在地震作用下的协同工作分析,建立了楼层单元力学模型,并在假设连梁两端为铰支的条件下得到了短肢剪力墙内力和位移的计算公式。算例分析表明,即使在各墙肢等效抗弯刚度相等时,外侧墙肢所承担的地震作用剪力较大,但各短肢剪力墙墙肢所承担的地震作用剪力可近似地按抗弯刚度分配。短肢剪力墙结构的变形曲线为弯曲型,仅与总的等效抗弯刚度有关,而与各墙肢等效抗弯刚度的分配无关。     

火灾下轴向约束波纹腹板梁悬链线效应分析

火灾下受约束钢梁大变形阶段的悬链线效应,考虑了轴向拉力对钢梁抗弯承载力的贡献,可提高钢梁的耐火极限。波纹腹板梁通过波折提高了腹板平面外刚度,可以采用更大的高厚比,在抗弯承载力基本不变的情况下,大幅度降低了材料用量。但波纹腹板梁轴向刚度小于相应的平腹板梁,其悬链线效应与平腹板梁有较大的差别。利用验证的有限元模型对受约束波纹腹板梁和平腹板梁悬链线效应的受力机理进行了分析,探讨了波纹腹板梁与平腹板梁中腹板对轴向承载力和抗弯承载力的贡献。对比研究了两种梁在悬链线效应方面的异同。由于波纹腹板梁的轴向刚度较小,其产生的轴向压力比相应的平腹板梁小,在相同荷载作用下,波纹腹板梁更早地进入悬链线效应阶段。     

钢管混凝土节点抗弯刚度非线性分析

目前,对钢管混凝土节点刚性的研究还处于定性分析阶段,尚无定量分析的相关成果.为此,利用有限元软件ANSYS,建立钢管混凝土外加强环式节点的三维非线性有限元模型.以环板宽度、环板厚度、柱径、柱壁厚度、梁高以及轴压比等为参数,采用单因素法和正交设计法,对影响节点抗弯刚度的因素进行分析,在此基础上提出节点抗弯刚度的计算公式,并对节点刚性进行分析,得到各有关因素对节点刚度的影响规律:1)随着环板宽度、钢管壁厚等增加,相对刚度呈线性增加;2)柱管直径与相对刚度为负指数关系;3)梁高变化对相对刚度没有影响;4)在轴压比超过0.5时,相对刚度有较大程度的下降.另外,对外加强环式节点,采用EC3提出的节点分类准则进行抗弯刚性分析,当按所提出的公式计算得到的节点刚度值大于8时,可以满足刚性要求.     

Influence of weld stiffness on buckling strength of laser-welded web-core sandwich plates

This paper investigates the influence of weld rotation stiffness on the global bifurcation buckling strength of laser-welded web-core sandwich plates. The study is carried out using two methods, the first is the equivalent single-layer theory approach solved analytically for simply supported plates and numerically for clamped plates. First-order shear deformation theory is used. The second method is the three-dimensional model of a sandwich plate solved with finite element method. Both approaches consider the weld through its rotation stiffness. The weld rotation stiffness affects the transverse shear stiffness. Plates are loaded in the web plate direction. Four different cross-sections are considered. Weld stiffness is taken from experimental results presented in the literature. The results show a maximum of 24% decrease in buckling strength. The strength was affected more in plates with high reduction of transverse shear stiffness and high bending stiffness. Furthermore, clamped plates were influenced more than simply supported. The intersection between buckling modes shifted towards higher aspect ratios, in the maximum case by 24%. The results show the importance of considering the deforming weld in buckling analysis.     

无单元迦辽金法在对称叠层板弯曲问题中的应用

基于Kircihhoff板理论和对挠度函数采用滑动最小二乘近似函数进行插值,研究无单元Galerkin(EFGM)方法在对称叠层板弯曲问题中的应用.分析中,本质边界条件采用罚因子法施加,对称叠层板的无单元法几何刚度矩阵由最小二乘法和变分原理得到.通过单层方板和对称叠层板的数值算例并与其他方法的结果进行比较,表明EFGM法求解对称叠层板弯曲问题具有收敛性好、精度高等优点,从而验证了该法的有效性.     

Effect of interfacial imperfection on bending behavior of composites and sandwich laminates by an efficient C0 FE model

The bending behavior of composites and sandwich plates having imperfections at the layer interfaces is investigated by a refined higher order shear deformation plate theory (RHSDT) and a Least Square Error (LSE) method. In this theory, the in-plane displacement field is obtained by superposing a globally varying cubic displacement field on a zig-zag linearly varying displacement field. This plate theory represents parabolic through thickness variation of transverse shear stresses which satisfy the inter-laminar continuity condition at the layer interfaces and zero transverse shear stress condition at the top and bottom of the plate. In this plate model, the interfacial imperfection is represented by a liner spring-layer model. Finite element method is adopted and an efficient C⁰ continuous 2D finite element (FE) model is developed based on the above mentioned plate theory for the static analysis of composites and sandwich laminates having imperfections at the layer interfaces. In this model, the first derivatives of transverse displacement have been treated as independent variables to circumvent the problem of C¹ continuity associated with the above plate theory (RHSDT). The LSE method is applied to the 3D equilibrium equations of the plate problem at the post-processing stage, after in-plane stresses are calculated by using the above FE model based on RHSDT. The proposed model is implemented to analyze the laminated composites and sandwich plates having interfacial imperfection. Many new results are also presented which should be useful for the future research.     

两种矩形板考虑初始恒载效应的位移伽辽金近似解

基于板考虑初始恒载效应的应变能表达,运用变分原理导出了静力平衡控制微分方程。运用伽辽金法求解得到了四边固支、简支矩形板考虑初始恒载效应的近似活载（或后期荷载）位移表达式,并运用有限元法验证了公式的正确性。各近似位移表达式简单明了,清楚地反映了前期恒载和各因素对活载位移的影响,更为直观地说明了板的恒载效应这一概念。计算分析表明：初始恒载的存在增加了板的弯曲刚度,减小了活载位移;板的恒载效应主要受恒载大小、跨厚比和边界条件等因素的影响;对于较薄或弯曲刚度较小的板,在计算分析和结构设计中应考虑这种恒载效应对承受活载(或后期荷载)作用的受力行为影响。     

Interaction between laser-welded web-core sandwich deck plate and girder under bending loads

Present paper investigates the interaction between laser-welded web-core sandwich deck plate and supporting girder under bending loads. The study is based on two linear-elastic Finite Element (FE) approaches, i.e. one using beam elements to model the girder and shell elements to model the homogenized web-core sandwich plate. With this approach the obtained FE model is considerably smaller than in the case of modeling the full, periodic, 3D geometry with shell elements. The FE solution results in stress resultants for beam and shell elements. These stress resultants do not describe accurately the periodic stress response of the sandwich plate or shear stress distribution at girder web. Therefore, the paper utilizes analytical methods to calculate these stress components from the obtained Finite Element solution. The second computational approach is based on modeling the actual 3D topology with shell elements. The two approaches are shown to be in very good agreement. The investigation shows that the effective flange width of the sandwich is different for the top and bottom face plates indicating that the interaction is different for these face plates. The present study also shows that this difference between the two faces depends strongly on the orientation of the web plates of the sandwich with respect to girder axis and the stiffness of the girder. The investigation also shows that the normal stress response in bending is dominated by the interaction between the sandwich plate and the girder, but also by the shear-induced normal stresses at the outer surface of the plate.     

阶梯方形基础板挠度和内力场的求解

四边自由阶梯方形基础板挠度和内力场的求解极为复杂,它不仅涉及基础板四自由边界条件的难愈满足,更涉及阶梯过渡处位移连续性和光滑性的难愈处理。到目前为止,人们还未给出四边自由阶梯方形基础板在中心垂直荷载作用下挠度和内力场的表达式。本文将载荷与弯曲刚度相除,提出了载刚比的概念,巧妙地解决了基础板阶梯过渡处连续性和光滑性难愈处理的问题,然后将基础板的载刚比展开成双重余弦傅里叶级数,将挠度函数展开成带补充项的双重余弦傅里叶级数,在满足板控制方程和四自由边界的条件下,确定双重余弦傅里叶级数中的待定系数,获得阶梯方形基础板挠度和内力场的级数表达式,所得表达式得到有限元数值仿真结果的验证。文中提出的载刚比概念将为非等厚度基础板挠度和内力场的解析求解提供新思路。     

分段直波纹钢板等效刚度和弯曲行为的变分渐近分析

波纹钢板是工程中常使用的结构组件，分段直波纹板相较连续波纹板需在不连续点处引入新约束，增加了计算的复杂性。为此，基于变分渐近法推导了分段直波纹板的等效板模型。根据薄壳理论，利用单个波纹周期相对宏观变形特征长度很小的特点对应变能泛函进行渐近分析得到场变量的渐近展开，将其代入壳理论的控制微分方程中，通过求解系列对应于不同阶的微分方程组，得到与波纹结构之间的关系(完整的等效刚度)。通过梯形波纹钢板算例分析表明：构建模型可准确计算完整的等效刚度、不同几何参数下的全局位移和局部应力场；波纹钢板沿波纹方向和垂直波纹方向的拉伸刚度，与垂直波纹方向的弯曲刚度存在很大的差异(后者通常大于前者2~3个数量级)，主要原因是垂直波纹方向的弯矩主要由沿板厚度分布的膜应力平衡，而沿波纹方向的拉伸位移主要是由波纹结构的弯曲而不是平面拉伸引起的；构建模型重构的应力分布与三维模型计算结果吻合较好，仅在板中点最大应力处由于等效关系存在一定偏差。     

Bending analysis of folded plates by the FSDT meshless method

In this paper, a meshfree Galerkin method that is based on the first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT) will be introduced to analyse the elastic bending problem of stiffened and un-stiffened folded plates under different loadings and boundary conditions. Folded plates are regarded as assemblies of plates that lie in different planes. The stiffness matrices of the plates are given by the meshfree method. Employing the element concept, which is borrowed from the finite element method, and treating every plate as a big element, the global stiffness matrix of the whole folded plate is obtained by superposing the stiffness matrices of the plates. This is about the same for the analysis of stiffened folded plates. They are considered as assemblies of stiffened plates. The stiffness matrices of the stiffened plates are also given by the meshfree method. Superior to the finite element methods, no mesh is required in determining the stiffness matrices for the plates and the stiffened plates in this paper, which means time-consuming and accuracy-suffering remeshing is entirely avoided for problems such as large deformation or crack propagation in folded plates or stiffener position changes of stiffened folded plates. To demonstrate the accuracy and convergence of the method, several numerical examples are calculated by it and the finite element commercial software ANSYS. Good agreement is observed between the two sets of results.     

Evaluation of the transverse shear stiffness of a steel bi-directional corrugated-strip-core sandwich beam

This paper presents a new concept in steel bi-directional corrugated-core sandwich structures. The focus is on the derivation of the transverse shear stiffness D_Qy of a sandwich beam using analytical methods. A braced frame analogy and its periodical unit cell, based on a force-distortion relationship concept, are used as the basis for deriving transverse shear stiffness relationships using the modified stiffness matrix approach. The transverse shear stiffness equation is consistent with a three-dimensional finite element solution. It is then used to assess the effect of geometrical parameters defining the corrugated sandwich beam. The performance of a steel bi-directional corrugated-strip-core sandwich beam compared with other corrugated-like core sandwich beams is then examined and discussed.     

钢-聚氨酯夹层板稳定分析

分别建立了钢-聚氨酯夹层板和普通钢板的有限元模型,在边界条件、加载情况均相同的条件下进行有限元稳定分析,夹层板采用板-实体-板结构模拟,结果表明在相同条件下,夹层板比普通钢板的屈曲强度均有较大程度的提高。同时进行了保持一定条件不变,分别改变夹芯层厚度、面层钢板厚度模拟分析,结果表明在一定范围内,夹芯层厚度与钢面板厚度增大,夹层板的屈曲临界荷载值也随之增大。夹芯层的抗弯刚度和横向剪切变形对板的影响不可忽略。