乳聚丁苯橡胶生产技术进展

介绍了国内乳聚丁苯橡胶的生产装置和技术发展现状,以及国外的技术发展趋势,对我国乳聚丁苯橡胶行业发展提出了建议。     

国外乳聚丁苯橡胶生产技术的发展趋势

国外乳聚丁苯橡胶生产技术的发展趋势主要表现在完善聚合配方、改进无盐凝聚技术、提高聚合单体转化率、改善产品性能和开发新品种等方面。本文对此作了简单介绍。     

高转化率乳聚丁苯橡胶1502性能评价

试验评价单体转化率分别为76%和70%的ESBR(乳聚丁苯橡胶)1502(分别以HSBR和LSBR表示)的性能。结果表明:与LSBR相比,HSBR生胶的相对分子质量较小、相对分子质量分布宽度较大、结合苯乙烯含量稍高,门尼粘度、灰分、挥发分和凝胶含量均符合相应国家标准要求;混炼胶的硫化速度稍快,加工性能较好;硫化胶的邵尔A型硬度相当,定伸应力较高,抗湿滑性能稍好,但耐磨性能稍差。     

纯化改性乳聚丁苯橡胶的性能研究

用提纯的方法改性乳聚丁苯橡胶(ESBR),对比改性ESBR(TSBR)、ESBR和溶聚丁苯橡胶(SSBR)的加工工艺和物理性能,并考察3种丁苯橡胶(SBR)与天然橡胶(NR)和顺丁橡胶(BR)并用制备胎面胶的性能。结果表明:TSBR的炭黑分散性、硫化特性和物理性能较ESBR好,生热降低;弹性优于SSBR。TSBR可用于高性能轮胎胎面胶。     

乳聚丁苯橡胶发展概述及建议

丁苯橡胶是最大的通用合成橡胶品种,通常可分为乳聚丁苯橡胶(ESBR)和溶聚丁苯橡胶(SSBR)。本文介绍了典型的ESBR生产工艺,国内ESBR的生产装置及技术现状,国外ESBR的发展趋势,并对我国ESBR行业发展提出了几点建议。     

世界乳聚丁苯橡胶的市场现状及预测

1991年世界E-SBR产量达362.4万t,占SBR产量的80%,占SR产量的38.3%;目前生产处于困境,一些发达国家的大公司关闭了生产装置,但预计发展中国家将有中小型装置投入运营;1995年世界E-SBR消耗量预计为333.8万t。     

炭黑与白炭黑补强溶聚丁苯橡胶和乳聚丁苯橡胶胎面胶性能的对比研究

对比研究采用相同体积分数的炭黑和白炭黑分别补强溶聚丁苯橡胶(SSBR)和乳聚丁苯橡胶(ESBR)胎面胶的性能。试验结果表明:与炭黑填充丁苯橡胶(SBR)胶料相比,经偶联剂Si69(用量为白炭黑用量的8%)热处理的白炭黑填充SBR胶料的分散性改善,硫化胶的300%定伸应力增大,拉断伸长率减小,抗湿滑性能提高,滚动阻力和动态生热降低,耐磨性能和抗切割性能较差。     

乳聚丁苯橡胶成套技术创效近亿元

以吉林石化为主体开发的“乳聚丁苯橡胶成套技术”日前摘得2008年中国石油10项重大科技进展和中国石油集团公司科技进步一等奖两项桂冠,这是中国石油下游板块第一项有影响力的成套技术开发成果。开发这项技术投入并不多,但大幅度提高了装置产能,节能减排效果明显,年可获得直接经济效益近亿元。     

乳液聚合法生产丁苯橡胶的转化率

本文着重论述乳液聚合法生产丁苯橡胶的转化率。理论上，小试试验，大生产都能提高丁苯橡胶的聚合转化率。     

乳化剂造成丁苯橡胶乳液聚合反应下降原因分析

乳化剂在丁苯橡胶低温乳液生产过程中起到至关重要的作用,它是保证聚合反应平稳进行的重要因素之一,其组成体系的参数波动会对聚合反应结果造成较大的影响,使得聚合反应胶乳的TSC和门尼值发生波动,甚至造成生产事故。对由乳化剂pH值和TSC波动造成聚合反应下降的原因做了分析。     

温度升高对丁苯橡胶低温乳液聚合反应胶乳门尼的影响

在利用低温乳液聚合法生产丁苯橡胶过程中,影响聚合反应结果的因素比较多,如单体配比、温度、聚合反应时间、氧化还原体系和其他助剂的影响、单体转化率、单体和水中杂质的影响、反应系统压力等。每种因素对聚合反应结果影响不尽相同,本文从温度变化这一因素来阐述温度变对聚合反应后门尼的影响大小,进行原因分析,以及温度调整在聚合控制过程中的应用,文章最后叙述了温度升高对生产带来的危害不利的方面及其处理方法。     

丁苯橡胶聚合反应釜的制造技术

对丁苯橡胶装置聚合反应釜的制造难点进行了分析。对反应釜壳体的成形方法、复合钢板的焊接、封头与壳体的连接、冷却管组的成形与管束的分布形式等进行了深入的研究,解决了反应釜内件的组装难题,并对反应釜体内部进行了抛光。总结了聚合反应釜的制造经验,提高了产品质量和经济效益,可以为同类设备的制造提供参考。     

The Behaviour of Styrene Butadiene Rubber/Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber Blends in the Presence of Chlorinated Hydrocarbons

The behaviour of styrene butadiene rubber/acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (SBR/NBR) blends in the environment of chlorinated hydrocarbons, such as carbon tetrachloride, chloroform and dichloromethane, in the temperature range 32–52°C has been investigated. Sulphur, dicumyl peroxide and a mixed system consisting of sulphur and peroxide were used as the vulcanising systems for the matrix. The effects of vulcanising agents, blend composition, solvents and temperature on the sorption characteristics were studied. The sulphur-vulcanised systems exhibited the highest solvent uptake and those with dicumyl peroxide as the vulcanising agent the lowest. This difference has been explained on the basis of the nature of cross links established between the polymer chains during vulcanisation. The solvent uptake increased with an increase in SBR content in the blends when carbon tetrachloride was used as the penetrant, whilst it decreased with SBR content when chloroform and dichloromethane were used as the probes. This behaviour has been explained on the basis of the polarity difference of the solvents. For a given blend system, the solvent uptake was maximum when dichloromethane was used as the solvent and minimum when carbon tetrachloride was used. This has been accounted for in terms of the difference in the size of the penetrants. The intrinsic diffusion coefficient, permeation coefficient, cross link density and interaction parameter were estimated from the sorption data. Thermodynamic parameters such as enthalpy and free energy changes were also calculated. These values indicate that the sorption process in the present systems is exothermic and is more spontaneous in sulphur-vulcanised systems. The experimental results, when compared with different theoretical diffusion models, have been found to be closer to Robeson’s and Maxwell’s models.     

反应型乳化剂对苯丙微皂乳液聚合及性能的影响

采用不同结构类型的反应型乳化剂应用于苯丙微皂乳液的聚合,讨论了聚合方式、乳化剂的结构类型和用量等对乳液聚合及性能的影响。借助DSC、粒径分布仪、FT-IR、拉力机、TEM等仪器及分析技术对制得的苯丙乳液的性能进行表征分析,发现通过半连续核壳乳液聚合方式,采用合适的反应型乳化剂复配体系,可以制备出综合性能优异,粒径小于100 nm的苯丙微皂乳液。     

苯乙烯改性丙烯酸酯乳液压敏胶的研制

以丙烯酸丁酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、苯乙烯、丙烯酸-2-羟乙酯、丙烯酸为反应单体,十二烷基硫酸钠与聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚按质量比2：1组成复合乳化剂,过硫酸钾为引发剂,采用乳液聚合法,制备了苯乙烯改性丙烯酸酯乳液型压敏胶;对乳液型压敏胶进行了粒度分布、初粘性、180°剥离强度测试。研究结果表明,在反应温度为83±2℃、反应时间为6h、复合乳化剂用量为单体总质量的3～5％、引发剂用量为单体总质量的0．6～0．8％、单体质量比BA：MMA：St：HEA：AA为80：5：10：2：3的工艺条件下,可制得粒径分布窄、平均粒径小、初粘性好、剥离强度高的乳液型压敏胶。     

丁苯橡胶市场分析及生产技术进展

阐述了国内外丁苯橡胶(SBR)生产商的生产能力和实际产量、对国内SBR技术现状及其市场发展趋势进行了分析和预测。介绍了国内外科研开发、技术进展以及新产品开发情况,并针对国内SBR装置提出了几点建议。     

纳米SiO2复合水性苯丙乳液的制备及聚合动力学研究

本文用原位聚合法制备了纳米SiO2／苯乙烯-丙烯酸酯复合乳液，研究了不同SiO2含量、反应温度等对聚合反应稳定性的影响，用消光法测定了所得乳胶粒的粒径，分析了在溶液和凝聚物中SiO2含量，并进行了在SiO2存在下乳液聚合反应的动力学研究。     

聚酰亚胺/有机蒙脱土/丁苯橡胶复合材料性能的研究

将聚酰亚胺(PI)与有机蒙脱土(OMMT)混合,制备了PI/OMMT粉状材料;将粉状材料与丁苯胶乳(SBR)混合,制备了颗粒状PI/OMMT/SBR复合材料.SEM照片显示,有机蒙脱土可改善聚酰亚胺与丁苯橡胶的相容性.X射线衍射(XRD)结果表明,聚酰亚胺分子链与丁苯橡胶分子链一起插入有机蒙脱土层间,使层间距变大;有机蒙脱土作为交联点存在.动态力学性能测试结果表明,在频率扫描下,加入PI/OMMT后丁苯橡胶的G′最高,但tanδ较低.     

Homogeneous Styrene Butadiene/Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber Blends

The graft copolymerization of acrylonitrile (AN) onto butadiene rubber (BR) was carried out in toluene at 80°C, using dibenzoyl-peroxide (BPO) as initiator. The synthesized poly acrylonitrile-grafted-butadiene rubber (AN-g-BR) was characterized by N% elemental analysis and Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Styrene butadiene rubber/acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (SBR/NBR) blends were prepared with different blend ratios in presence and absence of AN-g-BR, where the homogeneity of such blends were examined with intrinsic viscosity (η) measurements, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The scanning electron micrographs illustrate disappearance of the macro-scale phase separation of SBR/NBR rubber blend as a result of the incorporation of AN-g-BR into that blend. Viscosity measurements confirm homogeneity of that blend. Differential Scanning Calorimetry traces exhibit shifts in glass transition temperatures (T _g's) of SBR and NBR in their blend, indicating some degree of homogeneity. Physico-mechanical properties of the rubber blend vulcanizates with different blend ratios, in presence and absence of AN-g-BR, were investigated before and after accelerated thermal aging. The SBR/NBR (25/75) homogeneous blend possessed the best physico-mechanical properties after thermal aging, together with the best swelling behavior in motor oil. The physico-mechanical properties of SBR/NBR (25/75) filled blend with different types of inorganic fillers during thermal aging were studied.