微胶囊层间增韧碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料力学性能的超声导波评价

选用微胶囊作为改性材料,采用热压机层压成型工艺制备出微胶囊层间增韧T300碳纤维/环氧树脂(CF/EP)复合材料.通过双悬臂梁(DCB)Ⅰ型层间断裂试验评估了CF/EP复合材料的增韧效果.利用超声导波技术对普通CF/EP复合材料和增韧CF/EP复合材料层间力学性能进行评价.通过SEM对CF/EP复合材料层间断面微观形貌...     

溶剂微胶囊/环氧树脂复合材料的自修复性能

通过手动修复实验验证了多种溶剂的修复效果,选择可以包裹在微胶囊中的苯乙酸乙酯作为修复剂。采用一步原位聚合法,制备了包裹苯乙酸乙酯的微胶囊,并对微胶囊的表面形貌进行表征与分析。采用手动修复实验,研究了修复时间和修复剂量对修复效果的影响,并将微胶囊加入到环氧树脂基体中实现了材料的原位自修复。研究结果表明,修复时间为24 h,修复剂量为5μL时,手动修复效果可达到最佳。当微胶囊质量分数为5%时,最大修复效率为98%。微胶囊/环氧树脂复合材料具有多次自修复能力。形貌观察结果表明,裂纹在溶剂的溶胀作用下发生了完全修复。     

微胶囊对微胶囊/环氧树脂复合材料增韧作用

使用脲醛(Urea-formaldehyde)树脂-环氧树脂微胶囊(E-51)和三聚氰胺-尿素-甲醛共缩聚树脂 (Melamine-urea-formaldehyde)-环氧树脂微胶囊(E-51)制备微胶囊/环氧树脂复合材料样品。对其力学性能进行了测试, 并对复合材料的断面形貌进行了观察, 研究了微胶囊对微胶囊/环氧树脂复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明: 随着微胶囊用量的增加, 复合材料拉伸强度和弯曲强度有所降低; 微胶囊质量分数小于2%时, 复合材料断裂伸长率和断裂弯曲应变有所提高; 大于2%时复合材料断裂伸长率和断裂弯曲应变下降。微胶囊对环氧树脂有增韧效果, 微胶囊表面越粗糙, 粒径越小, 增韧效果越明显。在裂纹扩展区, 大部分微胶囊破裂, 裂纹终止区, 大部分微胶囊剥离。      

原位聚合法制备红色电子墨水微胶囊

采用十八胺对永固红F5R实施表面改性,使其与四氯乙烯之间的亲和性得到改善,获得分散性良好的悬浮液,并有效抑制微胶囊化过程中颗粒的转移.本文将十八胺改性永固红F5R颗粒分散在四氯乙烯中为电泳基液,通过原位聚合法制备了红色电子墨水微胶囊,并采用光学显微镜和扫描电镜研究了微胶囊的表面形貌.     

环氧树脂-脲醛树脂@2-甲基咪唑微胶囊/环氧树脂复合材料的制备及自修复性能

以一步原位聚合法制备芯材为环氧树脂（E-51）,壁材为脲醛树脂（UF）的E-51-UF微胶囊。采用FTIR、SEM、TG、粒度分析仪等分别对E-51-UF微胶囊结构、表面形貌、耐热性和粒径分布进行了表征。以E-51-UF微胶囊为核,固化剂2-甲基咪唑（2-MI）为壳通过共混复合,得到E-51-UF@2-MI复合微胶囊。将E-51-UF@2-MI微胶囊填充到E-51基体中,制备了E-51-UF@2-MI微胶囊/E-51复合材料拉伸试样、弯曲试样和梯形双悬臂梁（TDCB）修复试样,并采用电子万能试验机测试其性能。分析了填充E-51-UF@2-MI微胶囊质量分数对E-51-UF@2-MI微胶囊/E-51复合材料力学性能及自修复性能的影响。结果表明:制备的E-51-UF微胶囊呈现规整球形结构,平均粒径为130 μm,耐热温度达364℃;E-51-UF@2-MI复合微胶囊质量分数为10wt%时,E-51-UF@2-MI微胶囊/E-51复合材料拉伸强度达到最大值,为31.17 MPa,弯曲强度为66.77 MPa,最大修复率为90.1%。      

液体微胶囊复合电沉积铜的研究

讨论了用水相分离法制备含有液体微胶囊的技术，并将以有机硅树脂为囊心的液体微胶囊加入到酸性镀铜液中进行复合共沉积，得到了含有液体微胶囊的复合镀铜层，通过对这种镀层的表面，断面形貌和表面成分分析，这种含有液体微胶囊的复合镀铜层得到了证实和确认。     

纳米石墨改性石蜡相变微胶囊的制备及性能表征

以石蜡为芯材,聚砜为壳材,纳米石墨为改性剂,采用溶剂挥发法制备了纳米石墨改性石蜡相变微胶囊.通过SEM、FT-IR、DSC、TGA等对相变微胶囊进行表征,研究添加不同剂量纳米石墨对相变微胶囊的表面形貌、化学结构、相变特性、热稳定性以及包裹率的影响.结果表明,当纳米石墨添加量为1.5％时,微胶囊的整体性能最好,平均粒径为...     

溶剂挥发法制备苯乙烯微胶囊

采用简单易控制的溶剂挥发法成功制备了聚砜材料包覆苯乙烯的自修复微胶囊,通过核磁共振氢谱(1H-NMR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、元素分析仪和热重分析仪(TGA)对微胶囊的化学结构、表面形貌及其热性能进行了研究.结果表明,选择0.5％的聚乙烯醇表面活性剂,700 r/min乳化转速、芯壁比2∶1时制得的微胶囊表面光滑,体积平均粒径为120μm,并且分布比较窄,微胶囊在室温下具有一定缓释性.     

掺杂相变微胶囊的聚氨酯发泡材料的制备与表征

采用原位聚合法在中试条件下制备石蜡/脲醛树脂相变微胶囊,然后将其与聚氨酯(PU)组合料混合发泡,制备相变微胶囊/PU发泡材料复合材料。通过红外光谱、扫描电镜和光学显微镜、差示扫描量热法(DSC)和热重分析法(TGA)分别对相变微胶囊和复合材料样品进行化学结构、形貌、储热性能和热稳定性的分析。     

乳化剂HLB值对蜜胺树脂微胶囊团聚现象的影响

目的研究Span-80/Tween-80和SDBS/曲拉通X-100这2种复配乳化剂的不同HLB值(表面活性剂的亲水亲油平衡值)对正十四烷/蜜胺树脂微胶囊团聚现象的影响。方法调节2个系列复配乳化剂的HLB值,通过原位聚合法制备正十四烷/蜜胺树脂相变微胶囊。制备的相变微胶囊采用傅里叶变换红外光谱法(FTIR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、差示扫描量热法(DSC)、热重分析法(TG)表征其化学结构、表面形貌和热学性能。结果使用Span-80/Tween-80复配乳化剂制备相变微胶囊,当Span-80/Tween-80复配乳化剂的HLB值为12.03时,微胶囊表面形貌和热性能良好,且团聚现象最少。使用SDBS/曲拉通X-100复配乳化剂制备微胶囊,当HLB值为12.78时,相变微胶囊的表面形貌、粒径分布和分散性均较好,团聚现象少,潜热较高,为135.6 J/g,热稳定性较好。结论乳化剂HLB值对蜜胺树脂相变微胶囊性能有重要影响。     

Autonomic healing of low-velocity impact damage in fiber-reinforced composites

In this study autonomic self-healing of impact damage in composite materials is shown using a microencapsulated healing agent. The components for self-healing, urea–formaldehyde microcapsules containing dicyclopentadiene (DCPD) liquid healing agent and paraffin wax microspheres containing 10 wt% Grubbs’ catalyst, have been successfully incorporated in a woven S2-glass-reinforced epoxy composite. Low-velocity impact tests reveal that the self-healing composite panels are able to autonomically repair impact damage. Fluorescent labeling of damage combined with image processing shows that total crack length per imaged cross-section is reduced by 51% after self-healing. A testing protocol based on compression after impact reveals significant recovery of residual compressive strength (RCS) in self-healing panels. Self-healing panels show a higher threshold impact energy before RCS reduction, and as impact energy increases, RCS recovery decreases. Qualitative inspection shows that crack separation increases with increasing impact energy, indicating that self-healing performance depends on the ability to adequately fill damage volume.     

脲醛树脂包覆α-烯烃减阻聚合物微胶囊的制备与性能

在阐述了尿素与甲醛聚合制备微胶囊壁材反应原理的基础上,以尿素与甲醛为壁材原料,运用原位聚合法研究了包覆α-烯烃减阻聚合物微胶囊的制备工艺,利用粒度分析仪、红外光谱仪、同步热分析仪和模拟环道油品减阻率评价系统等,对微胶囊制备、储存稳定和溶解性能进行了研究。结果表明:在酸性条件下,以尿素与甲醛为微胶囊化原料,采用原位聚合法制备包覆石油减阻聚合物颗粒的微胶囊,制备工艺具有反应温和、缩聚反应可控,可有效缩短反应时间等特点。制备的脲醛树脂包覆α-烯烃减阻聚合物微胶囊粒度分布主要集中在200μm处,微胶囊可长期保持较好的圆润小球状态,具有良好的热力学稳定性。静压耐压储存稳定性和热力学稳定性研究结果表明,微胶囊可完全满足储存稳定性的要求。脲醛树脂包覆α-烯烃减阻聚合物微胶囊在输送油品中具有优良的溶解性,与未包覆的减阻聚合物颗粒减阻率接近,微胶囊溶解后减阻率较未包覆时略有延迟,但减阻率峰值依然与未包覆时相当,可满足现场工程实际应用。     

Phenomenological modelling of self-healing polymers based on integrated healing agents

The present contribution introduces a phenomenological model for self-healing polymers. Self-healing polymers are a promising class of materials which mimic nature by their capability to autonomously heal micro-cracks. This self-healing is accomplished by the integration of microcapsules containing a healing agent and a dispersed catalyst into the matrix material. Propagating microcracks may then break the capsules which releases the healing agent into the microcracks where it polymerizes with the catalyst, closes the crack and ’heals’ the material. The present modelling approach treats these processes at the macroscopic scale, the microscopic details of crack propagation and healing are thus described by means of continuous damage and healing variables. The formulation of the healing model accounts for the fact that healing is directly associated with the curing process of healing agent and catalyst. The model is implemented and its capabilities are studied by means of numerical examples.     

Mechanical properties of a self-healing fibre reinforced epoxy composites

Inspired by biological systems in which damage triggers an autonomic healing response, a polymer composite material that can heal itself when cracked has been developed. In this work, compression and tensile properties of a self-healed fibre reinforced epoxy composites were investigated. Microencapsulated epoxy and mercaptan healing agents were incorporated into a glass fibre reinforced epoxy matrix to produce a polymer composite capable of self-healing. The self-repair microcapsules in the epoxy resin would break as a result of microcrack expansion in the matrix, and letting out the strong repair agent to recover the mechanical strength with a relative healing efficiency of up to 140% which is a ratio of healed property value to initial property value or healing efficiency up to 119% if using the healed strength with the damaged strength.     

A new self-healing epoxy with tungsten (VI) chloride catalyst

Using self-healing materials in commercial applications requires healing chemistry that is cost-effective, widely available and tolerant of moderate temperature excursions. We investigate the use of tungsten (VI) chloride as a catalyst precursor for the ring-opening metathesis polymerization of exo-dicyclopentadiene (exo-DCPD) in self-healing applications as a means to achieve these goals. The environmental stability of WCl6 using three different delivery methods was evaluated and the associated healing performance was assessed following fracture toughness recovery protocols. Both as-received and recrystallized forms of the WCl6 resulted in nearly complete fracture recovery in self-activated tests, where healing agent is manually injected into the crack plane, at 12wt% WCl6 loading. In situ healing using 15wt% microcapsules of the exo-DCPD produced healing efficiencies of approximately 20%.     

尿素三聚氰胺甲醛三组分复合树脂包覆苯乙烯微胶囊的制备研究

针对热塑性材料的自修复,以尿素、三聚氰胺、甲醛共聚物为囊壁,苯乙烯为囊芯合成了包覆苯乙烯的改性脲醛树脂微胶囊,并采用红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜、纳米粒度电位仪等分析了微胶囊的化学成分及表面形貌,发现其表面粗糙致密,形状基本呈球形,粒径分布较集中,包封率为72%,有望应用于自修复材料。     

水泥石自修复用聚脲甲醛微胶囊的制备及性能

采用原位聚合法制备聚脲甲醛包覆水性环氧树脂微胶囊,测定其产率及含芯量,表征了表面形貌及化学结构,并考察了微胶囊水泥石修复性能。结果表明:芯壁比为2.4∶1时微胶囊最佳,含芯量达76.1%,粒径约为200μm;微胶囊掺量为1%时,水泥石同时具有良好的压缩强度和修复性能,极限预破坏修复率为87%;预破坏程度为60%时,修复率最高;微胶囊粗糙蓬松的外壁与水泥石基体有良好的胶接性,内壁厚约0.5μm,易在水泥石基材中发生应力撕裂而发挥修复作用。     

纳米微球在生物医药领域的应用

纳米微球技术是近年来在生物技术应用中最为热门的前沿技术之一。各种微球产品的应用给生物技术研究带来了新的课题,形成了众多新的研究领域。从生物技术的发展现状和未来方向出发,对纳米微球在生物医药研究中几个重要领域的应用前案进行了综述。