大线能量低焊接裂纹敏感性钢的研究

综述了国内大型成套工程用钢中压力容器用钢的研究现状，并指出能极大提高焊接效率，而其热影响区（HAZ）组织均匀细小的大线能量低焊接敏感性的发展趋势及前景。     

冷变形后不同回火温度对低碳贝氏体钢组织和力学性能的影响

通过在690℃高温回火后对15SiMn2Mo低碳贝氏体钢进行10％拉伸变形或不同变形量压缩变形,再进行不同温度回火,研究了冷变形（拉伸和压缩）和变形后不同温度回火对试验材料的组织和性能的影响。结果显示,随着回火温度增加,试验柯料的抗拉强度增加,300℃回火强度达到最大值,与热轧低温回火强度相当。超过300℃回火材料的强度下降,伸长率和断面收缩率增加。随着压缩变形量的提高,材料的硬度值升高,加工硬化效果显著,组织中出现铁素体形变带。压缩变形后随着回火温度的提高,材料组织发生回复与再结晶,形成细小等轴晶粒,组织细化,压缩变形量增加,细化效果增加。     

低焊接裂纹敏感性钢WDL690D可焊性研究

本文针对WDL690D钢进行了焊接工艺试验研究,确定了钢种合适的焊接预热温度、层间温度,考察了钢板抗冷裂纹敏感性、再热裂纹敏感性,为其工程应用提供数据支撑。     

热轧双相钢回火后的显微组织研究

研究了热轧以相钢Ｆｅ－０．０７８Ｃ－１．４４Ｍｎ－１．１１Ｓｉ－０．３８Ｃｒ经不同温度回火后的显微组织变化。透射电镜观察表明：热轧双相钢的组织中不可避免地混有少量珠光林（＜５％），它们对钢的基本力学性能并没有多大影响。本钢种２００℃回火组织中，马氏体基本不变化，为板条态，双相钢仍保持屈服行为；３００℃回火组织中，大量马氏体发生分解，形成碳化物，与少量珠光体交界处的马氏体首先发生分解。该温度回火完全     

直接淬火低碳贝氏体钢的回火组织与力学性能

利用SEM,TEM等实验方法,研究了不同回火温度对直接淬火Fe-Mn-Mo-Nb-Ti系低碳贝氏体组织和力学性能的影响.结果表明,580℃回火后钢板具有最佳综合力学性能,抗拉强度805MPa,屈服强度719MPa,延伸率25.8%,-20℃冲击功106J.随回火温度的升高,板条贝氏体回复作用逐渐加强,位错通过运动、合并...     

自回火对重轨钢疲劳裂纹扩展行为的影响

针对重轨钢在线淬火后自回火造成的抗疲劳裂纹扩展能力降低的问题,在淬火冷速分别为3℃/s、5℃/s、8℃/s,终冷温度为450℃条件下,研究了自回火对重轨钢疲劳裂纹扩展行为的影响,测算了疲劳裂纹扩展速率的Paris公式,采用扫描电镜及硬度计分别对自回火后钢轨的疲劳断口进行观察及硬度测试.结果表明:经过自回火后,钢轨的疲劳裂纹扩展速率增快、硬度降低,且自回火之前钢轨的淬火冷速越大,自回火后其硬度降低越显著,硬度的降低增加了裂纹扩展的可能性;自回火后钢轨在Ⅰ区的疲劳裂纹扩展速率远大于直接淬火试样,使钢轨疲劳裂纹扩展的整体进程缩短,这是疲劳裂纹扩展速率增快的重要原因.不同淬火冷速后的自回火试样在应力强度因子范围 ΔK(ΔK=Kmax-Kmin)为10 MPa·m1/2时,断口的疲劳辉纹、解理面和二次裂纹较少,河流花样数量较多、面积小、沟壑浅,而在ΔK=13.5 MPa·m1/2时,断口的疲劳辉纹间距增大,解理面和二次裂纹较多,河流花样数量增多、面积增大,疲劳裂纹扩展速率da/dN较快.     

论船体钢的高温回火组织

针对目前对船体钢高温回火组织名称的提法不统一，论述了马氏体，回火马氏体及回火索氏体的定义和组织特征，以及低碳钢在回火过程中的组织变化情况，同时论述了船体钢高温回火组织的状况及其力学性能特征，认为，根据各种回火组织的特性，船体钢的高温回火组织应归为回火索氏体。     

30CrMnSiA钢的回火组织转变

对三种含砷量的３０ＣｒＭｎＳｉＡ钢进行了不同温度的回火处理，在室温下测取了回火处理试样的穆斯堡尔谱，同时对典型试样作了金相和俄歇电子能谱（ＡＥＳ）分析。试验结果表明。３０ＣｒＭｎＳｉＡ钢经淬火十回火处理后，其室温组织为α＇固溶体、碳化物和少量残余奥氏体的混合组织。回火温度不同，碳化物的形态也不一样，残余奥氏体含量随回火温度升高而降低。低温回火脆性主要是残余奥氏体分解与ε＋θ碳化物析出综合作用的结果。     

淬火态20Cr钢与B级铸钢焊接接头冷热裂纹敏感性分析

为确保20Cr钢与B级铸钢之间具有良好的焊接性,采用不同焊接工艺进行淬火态20Cr钢与B级铸钢焊接试验,并对其焊接性进行冷热裂纹敏感性试验分析。结果表明:用J502,J506,A302焊条及ER50-6焊丝焊接淬火态20Cr钢定位销与B级铸钢轴箱体是可行的,其焊接接头具有良好的抗冷、热裂性能,但是焊接时要严格控制焊接规范。     

Creep crack growth in low alloy steel weldments

Developments in the determination and analytical representation of creep crack growth property data during the past 30 years are reviewed. The testing and data analysis of weldments involve additional complexities, and these are appraised with respect to low alloy steel weldments. Creep crack initiation and growth properties are dependent on creep deformation and rupture ductility characteristics. Consideration is given to the relationship between these properties using data determined for a ½Cr½ Mo¼V/2½CrMo pipe joint.     

变形制度对低碳锰钢组织性能的影响

为了获得细晶铁素体/贝氏体的复相组织,通过控轧控冷工艺研究了低碳锰钢在奥氏体区变形时变形量、终轧温度和卷取温度对组织演变和力学性能的影响规律.研究表明,增加变形量(对应道次间隔时间缩短)可以细化铁素体晶粒,但当终轧温度降低到800℃时,变形量的增加以及开冷温度的降低不利于贝氏体组织的获得.通过调整变形量、终轧温度、可开冷温度并适当降低卷取温度,可使实验钢获得晶粒尺寸约为5μm的铁素体和10%~20%的贝氏体组织,低碳锰钢强塑性能良好.     

590 MPa级高强钢双面双弧立焊焊缝组织性能

为研究590 MPa级高强钢双面双弧工艺得到的焊接接头组织与性能的关系,采用钨极氩弧焊(TIG)与熔化极气体保护焊(MAG)方法获得成型良好的焊接接头,经过拉伸、冲击、弯曲试验及光学显微镜、扫描电镜、EBSD分析,对590 MPa级高强钢双面双弧立焊打底焊与盖面焊焊接接头的组织及性能进行了研究.结果表明:打底焊缝组织主要为贝氏体,盖面焊缝组织以贝氏体与针状铁素体为主;打底焊缝经历过一次热循环后组织得到一定程度的细化;打底焊缝硬度值与盖面焊缝相近,盖面焊缝热影响区最高硬度值高于打底焊缝热影响区最高硬度;2 mm坡口间隙性能较5 mm坡口间隙有较大提高,2 mm坡口间隙断口以韧窝断裂为主,5 mm坡口间隙断口以解理断裂为主.     

The effect of microstructure on the mechanical behaviour of a low carbon, low alloy steel

The effect of microstructure on the mechanical behaviour of a low carbon, low alloy steel was studied. The hot-rolled ferrite-pearlite showed low monotonic and cyclic strengths with high ductility in terms of true fracture strain and a high shreshold stress intensity. The quenched and tempered low carbon martensite showed high monotonic and cyclic strengths and high ductility. However, the threshold stress intensity was significantly lower than that of the ferrite-pearlite. Both the strength and threshold stress intensity of an austempered bainite and a duplex ferrite-martensite are greater than those of the hot-rolled ferrite-pearlite. At a same strength level, the ductility and the threshold stress intensity of the low carbon martensite are higher than those of a medium carbon martensite.     

Flash butt welding application on 16MnCr5 chain steel and investigations of mechanical properties

In this study, 16MnCr5 chain steels were welded by flash butt welding and welded samples were annealed. Their microstructure and mechanical properties have been investigated. Upsetting current time was chosen as 1.6 s and build up pressure was chosen as 2, 2.5, and 3 bar. It is pointed out that welding parameters and annealing affected the mechanical properties. For all samples, the highest hardness was measured from weld metal. Non-annealed samples gave the highest tensile strength with the parameter of highest build up pressure. It is also found that annealing reduces the tensile strength of all samples.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of austempered AISI 9255 high-silicon steel

The present investigation is focused on evaluating the microstructure and mechanical properties of American Iron and Steel Institute 9255 high-silicon steel austempered at different temperatures and durations. Material characterisation was done using a scanning electron microscope and an X-ray diffractometer. Results show the bainite microstructure over a temperature range of 280–400°C. Bainite structure gains coarseness at higher temperatures at 360 and 400°C. A significant improvement in the tensile properties was observed for all austempered specimens; with a maximum tensile strength of 1852?MPa and elongation up to 35%. An excellent strain hardening response was observed from the samples austempered at temperatures of 360 and 400°C. Tensile properties were found to be superior at 15?min of austempering duration for all austempering temperatures.     

回火温度对1500MPa级Nb-Ti低合金直接淬火钢组织与性能的影响

通过低成本成分设计,在控制轧制的基础上,应用直接淬火+回火工艺制得抗拉强度1 500 MPa级经济型低合金高强高韧钢,测定了该合金成分体系的连续冷却转变曲线,研究了不同回火温度对直接淬火钢组织与力学性能的影响.结果表明:随着回火温度的升高,试验钢抗拉强度逐渐下降,屈服强度先升高后降低,-40℃冲击功则呈现出先升高、后降低、再升高的趋势.回火温度为200℃时,试验钢获得了最优的综合力学性能,抗拉强度达到1 730 MPa,屈服强度为1 400 MPa,-40℃冲击功为43 J.     

微观组织对贝氏体钢疲劳裂纹扩展行为的影响

为了研究组织对疲劳裂纹扩展行为的影响,对3种不同贝氏体组织钢进行了疲劳裂纹扩展实验,并采用SEM和EBSD等方法对裂纹进行了分析.结果表明,板条贝氏体组织在近门槛区和稳定扩展区阻碍裂纹扩展的能力最强,具有最小的裂纹扩展速率.板条贝氏体组织中的大角度晶界使裂纹更容易发生偏折,导致断口表面粗糙度增加,裂纹扩展受到较强的粗糙度诱导裂纹闭合效应的作用.随着ΔK的增大,塑性诱导裂纹闭合效应取代粗糙度诱导裂纹闭合效应开始占据主导作用,是板条贝氏体组织中裂纹扩展速率对ΔK的变化较敏感的原因.     

低碳微合金直接淬火钢的组织与力学性能

为了提高低碳直接淬火钢的强韧性能,对一种低碳Nb-V微合金钢进行了轧后直接淬火(DQ)和再加热淬火(RQ)热处理实验,分析了低碳直接淬火钢的的强韧化机理.采用光学显微镜、透射电子显微镜、硬度计、拉伸试验机以及冲击试验机研究了轧后热处理工艺对低碳Nb-V微合金钢组织和力学性能的影响.结果表明,DQ工艺钢马氏体板条间距细小,含有较多的位错亚结构,因此具有较高的强度和韧性.DQ工艺钢马氏体中的大量位错,促进了碳化物弥散析出,产生了显著的二次硬化效果.由于基体中固溶的Nb、V等元素推迟淬火马氏体在回火过程中的各种转变,以及回火时析出的细小弥散碳化物抑制马氏体铁素体回复、再结晶过程,DQ工艺钢表现出较高的回火稳定性.     

Resistance spot welding of AISI 430 ferritic stainless steel: Phase transformations and mechanical properties

The paper aims at investigating the process–microstructure–performance relationship in resistance spot welding of AISI 430 ferritic stainless steel. The phase transformations which occur during weld thermal cycle were analyzed in details, based on the physical metallurgy of welding of the ferritic stainless steels. It was found that the microstructure of the fusion zone and the heat affected zone is influenced by different phenomena including grain growth, martensite formation and carbide precipitation. The effects of welding cycle on the mechanical properties of the spot welds in terms of peak load, energy absorption and failure mode are discussed.