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钱和生 《国外纺织技术(纺织针织服装化纤染整)》1995,(2)
一、引言和目标 来自织物生产、加工和缝制的纺织废料包括不规则形状碎片,布边,切片)或纤维状废物(线)、剪毛粉末、刮绒下脚、精梳废棉、打麻下脚等。此类废物正日益成为废物难题,并且被焚化厂所拒绝。从原材料短缺以及对环境压力俱增考虑,应当研究高等级纺织废料再循环变为成形材料的主要方法。纺织废物具有高拉伸强度以及纤维的纤维状表面形态,从理论上讲这类废物在特定原料/粘合剂的组合材料中适合于用作增强纤维,这种组合材料定义是由1090%固定粘合剂(基质)和相应的10.90%增强剂或凝聚剂颗粒。 相似文献
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纺织废料的回收与利用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在纺织工业中可以回收利用的废料很多。我国是一个纺织大国,纱布产量占世界第一位,纺织废料资源十分丰富,纺织纤维每年消费量约500万吨左右,随着纺织纤维消费量的不断增长,纺织废料也必然随之增加,同时,我国又是一个人口大国,纺织资源还相当紧缺,远远不能满足纺织工业生产的需要。加强纺织废料的回收利用,变废为宝.不仅对弥补我国纺织原料的不足有极重要的意义, 相似文献
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今天已是所有的设计师和制造商采取零浪费策略的时候了,这是印度业界拯救地球免受纺织品污染的一大举措。印度人之所以强调这点,是因为印度的污染过于严重。在印度服装生产过程中,裁剪、缝纫等各个阶段都会产生大量的纺织废料。“零废物”已成为解决纺织品污染的新救星,也是造成全球浪费的第二大原因。从设计过程到生产和最终使用,产生的废物,约有三分之二的纺织品最终送往填埋场。 相似文献
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正世界上第一个循环经济范式诞生于欧洲研究项目Resyntex。Resyntex项目工艺包含一个完整的纺织废料精炼过程,连接着化学和纺织工业。尽管化学工业已经并将持续成为纺织工业纤维生产原料(聚合物)的基本供应商,但却没有受到应有的重视。大部分纺织废料中天然纤维含量很高,纺织废料中除了人工合成的部分(聚酯、聚酰胺等)外,还可以由天然纤维 相似文献
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《纺织学会志》2013,104(2):155-188
Abstract With today's global competitive marketplace, new textile product development requires a design, marketing, materials and technology interface. An opportunity existed to examine the new textile product development processes being used by global textile companies with a variety of textile product end-uses: apparel, home textiles, transportation, industrial, nonwovens, carpets, and medical textiles. The Crawford and DiBenedetto model (2003) was used as the conceptual framework for the study and data was collected using secondary and primary data sources. A total of 24 global companies, based in the United States, comprised the sample for this study. Each company's new textile product development processes, practices, and new products were examined, with identification of key new product development concepts being utilized. Results indicated that companies were utilizing new product development (NPD) processes as a competitive tool, but are using a combination of NPD strategies to develop and launch products in the global marketplace. 相似文献
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By its origin, textile waste can be divided in two broad categories: post-consumer waste and post-industrial waste generated during the manufacturing process. The division of the clothing supply chain between developed consumer markets and developing countries where apparel production capacities are outsourced implies that post-consumer waste is present in the former countries, whereas the later generates more post-industrial waste. The purpose of this exploratory study was to determine how the attitudes of top management towards managing apparel cuttings waste influence their willingness to introduce apparel waste sorting. The proclivity to sort apparel cuttings was strongly influenced by two key factors – the ease and costs of introducing sorting operations and impediments to sorting such as lack of workforce, technology or market. Combining these two factors leads towards negative attitudes to introducing apparel sorting. Perception of impediments in the process of sorting leads towards negative attitudes regarding the ease of introducing sorting operations; however, it does not influence adversely the proclivity to sort. 相似文献
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绿色环保科技——气流成网的非织造布工艺技术 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
食衣住行是四大生活必需品,近年来的科技发展使得所有纺织品的耐用性延伸至旧衣物、旧沙发、旧窗帘、旧床单、废地毯、淘汰的汽车内饰等,所有纤维类的垃圾充斥着各处,回收与再循环利用成为一项环保新课题。介绍了气流铺网机LapFormAir的技术,说明了其可使用回收这些废纤维用于再生产。 相似文献
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介绍了国际上对人工形成的有机卤化物的限制情况及在纺织品服装业中有机卤化物的来源;并对纺织品服装以及工业废水中有机卤化物的检测方法进行了比较。 相似文献
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我国纺织服装产业具有相对较强的国际竞争优势,集群化发展模式是竞争优势的源泉之一。全球价值链治理是全球价值链中权力拥有者协调和组织分散于全球各地的价值创造的活动。纺织服装产业集群的价值链治理者常常处于设计和营销环节,获得了大量的附加价值。我国纺织服装产业集群多处在全球价值链的制造环节,与治理者的治理关系属于半层级,必须遵循治理者制定的规则和标准。根据全球价值链治理理论,我国纺织服装产业集群不能再依靠低成本的优势参与全球竞争,必须提高营销水平,打造区域特色产业品牌,促进我国纺织服装产业集群的升级,正确发展和纺织服装治理者的关系,同时嵌入多条全球价值链实行市场多元化战略。 相似文献
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通过再生资源制得的材料的经济有效性、应用广泛性及生物可降解性是纺织市场考虑的关键因素。淀粉基产品满足上述这些要求,因此在服装、土工材料及卫生用纺织品等方面具有极大的应用潜力。然而,天然淀粉的热塑性不佳,不能通过熔融纺丝的方法加工成纤维。通过化学改性和将淀粉与其他生物高聚物共混是改变淀粉性能的一种创新方法,可促进淀粉的熔融加工,如使用连续加工设备实现熔融纺丝获得纤维产品。Star-Tex项目针对改性淀粉的应用,以开发应用于服装、土工材料及医疗卫生等领域的纺织产品。 相似文献
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国内外纺织品技术标准的现状、发展趋势及对我国纺织品出口的影响 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
2004年我国纺织行业各项主要经济指标均创良好业绩,同比增长幅度都在20%左右。但出口纺织品服装的平均单价与1997年相比,下降幅度却超过60%。究其原因,除我国纺织业创新能力不足之外,纺织业标准化水平不高和标准体系结构不合理是不可回避的重要原因。文章分析了当今国内外纺织品技术标准现状、发展趋势及其对我国纺织品出口的影响,呼吁改革我国现有的纺织品标准化体系、建立与国际接轨的纺织产品标准体系,以全面提升我国纺织产品品质。 相似文献
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《纺织学会志》2013,104(1-6):251-259
Abstract The textile and apparel industries are under constant pressure to develop and introduce new products; product development is a cornerstone in the survival strategy of any company in these industries. Yet, the development cycles are lengthy and usually require several feedback loops, often showing a mismatch of product properties, cost, and requirements. Other assembly-oriented industries have successfully used managerial tools to integrate the product development process with marketing, product costing, and procurement functions. This paper discusses the use of product development tools (e.g. quality–function–deployment matrix) and target costing as an integrated approach for the textile and apparel industries. With the help of a case study it is shown how this integrated approach can reduce product development cycle time by focusing technical research, and how to incorporate desirable features in the new product design to gain customer satisfaction. The integrated approach facilitates the development of new products that are competitively priced and earn projected profits in a target market niche. 相似文献
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文章详细解读分析了GB 5296.4-2012《消费品使用说明第4部分:纺织品和服装》新版标准的内容,并与GB5296.4-1998《消费品使用说明纺织品和服装使用说明》旧版标准内容作了比较,总结了新旧版标准的差异,同时指出了纺织服装企业在执行标准时需注意的问题,并给出了合理建议。 相似文献