2007年钼业年评

评述了2007年世界钼的供给、消费和价格。特别是概述了国内外钼业领域的各种技术创新，诸如钼矿的选矿和冶炼、含钼催化剂、从废催化剂回收钼、镍、钒技术、润滑剂、钼酸盐、阻燃抑烟剂、合金钢、钼粉、钼金属和钼基合金研究的最新进展。     

2005年钼业年评

评述了2005年世界钼的供给、消费和价格，特别评述了钼业的技术创新，如钼矿冶、钼化学品、纳米二硫化钼、有机钼、钼粉、掺杂钼粉、不锈钢、合金钢、缓蚀剂和阻燃抑烟剂等的研发进展。     

2020年钼业年评

评介了2020年世界钼的供给、消费和价格,概述了国内外钼业的各种技术创新,如钼的回收、多孔氧化钼、钼催化剂、钼沉积膜及钼粉末冶金材料等研究的新进展。     

2006年钼业年评

评介了2006年世界钼的供给、消费和价格，特别介绍了国内外钼业的技术创新，其中包括：选矿与冶炼、含钼催化剂、废催化剂再生、二硫化钼润滑剂、有机钼润滑剂添加剂，各类钼酸盐、阻燃抑烟剂、不锈钢、超合金钢、钼溅射靶、电池材料（钼锂氧化物）、环境工程、抗癌药物和纳米技术与产品研究的最新进展。     

2000年钼业年评

评述了2000年世界钼的需求、供给和价格,特别是简述了钼新产品、新技术、诸如低合金钢、不锈钢、钼合金、催化剂、润滑剂和阻燃抑烟剂等的研究与开发进展。     

2013年钼业年评

评介了2013年世界钼的供给、消费和价格,概述了国内外钼业的各种技术创新,如钼的矿冶工程、化学工程、材料工程等研究的新进展及钼的前沿科技。     

2014年钼业年评

评介了2014年世界钼的供给、消费和价格,概述了国内外钼业的各种技术创新,如钼的矿冶工程、化学工程、材料工程等研究的新进展及钼的前沿科技。     

1996年钼业年评

评介了１９９６年世界钼的需求、供给和价格。重点概述了钼的新产品，如合金钢、不锈钢、工具钢、铸铁、钼金属、催化剂、润滑剂、颜料、缓蚀剂、消烟阻燃剂和陶瓷等的研究与开发现状     

2008年钼业年评

评介了2008年世界钼的供给、消费和价格。尤其是概述了国内外钼业的各种技术创新,如钼矿选矿、冶金、含钼催化剂、润滑剂、消烟阻燃剂、缓蚀剂、木材保护剂和钼粉生产法等研究的新进展。     

2021年钼业年评

评介了2021年世界钼的供给、消费和价格,概述了国内外钼业的各种技术创新,如钼的选矿、焙烧、化学、材料及其他领域的研究新进展以及其他钼的前沿科技。     

Effect of Alloying Elements on Thermal Wear of Cast Hot-Forging Die Steels

The effect of main alloying elements on thermal wear of cast hot-forging die steels was studied. The wear mechanism was discussed. The results show that alloying elements have significant influences on the thermal wear of cast hot-forging die steels. The wear rates decrease with an increase in chromium content from 3% to 4% and molybdenum content from 2% to 3%, respectively. With further increase of chromium and molybdenum contents, chromium slightly reduces the wear resistance and molybdenum severely deteriorates the wear resistance with high wear rate. Lower vanadium/carbon ratio （1.5-2.5） leads to a lower wear resistance with higher wear rate. With an increase in vanadium/carbon ratio, the wear resistance of the cast steel substantially increases. When vanadium/carbon ratio is 3, the wear rate reaches the lowest value. The predominant mechanism of thermal wear of cast hot-forging die steels are oxidation wear and fatigue delamination. The Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 or lumps of brittle wear debris are formed on the wear surface.     

1997年钼业年评

评述了１９９７年世界钼的需求、供给和价格。特别概述了钼的新产品、新技术，诸如低合金钢、不锈钢、工具钢、轧辊、铸钢铸铁、涂膜、催化剂、润滑剂、颜料、缓蚀剂和镍氢电池等的研究与开发进展。     

1999年钼业年评

评述了1999年世界钼的需求、供给和价格,尤其是概述了钼新产品、新技术,诸如低合金钢、不锈钢、铸铁、钼合金、催化剂、润滑剂、缓蚀剂和阻燃消烟剂等的研究与开发进展.     

Alloying Design for High Wear-Resistant Cast Hot-Forging Die Steels

The alloying design of cast hot-forging die steels was analyzed. The relationship of the life of cast hot-forging dies with the failure patterns was studied. The thermal wear resistance was believed to be the key property for the alloying design of cast hot-forging die steels. The alloying design parameters were selected and optimized for the cast hot-forging die steel with high wear resistance. The wear resistance of the optimized cast die steel was evaluated in comparison with commercial H13 steels and 3Cr2WSV steel. In the new cast hot-forging die steel, VC is predominant carbide with Cr and Mo as the main solution elements in α-Fe. It is found that the cast die steel has significantly lower wear rate than normal H13 steel and 3Cr2W8V steel, almost the same as that of high purity H13 steel. The high wear resistance of the new cast hot-forging die steel can be attributed to its reasonable alloying design and nonsensibility to the detrimental function of S and P.     

Upgrading the microstructure and the mechanical properties of cast high speed steel

The main problem of near‐net‐shape cast high speed steel toolings is the bad toughness due to the presence of relatively coarse structure and eutectic brittle carbide network. To overcome this problem intensive secondary cooling in oil immediately after casting was achieved, however special standard tool steels with high amount of austenite stabilizing elements were selected to give austenite + carbide in as‐cast condition. This eliminates the risk of martensitic transformation during intensive secondary cooling. Prespherodisation heat treatment at different temperatures was applied to improve the carbide morphology in cast structures of these steels. This is because traditional hardening of high speed (TS‐1 and TS‐2) cast steels showed severe deterioration in carbide morphology and increased noncoherency with the matrix. In this case, skeleton brittle carbide morphologies were detected in such steels. Impact toughness of prespherodised hardened high speed cast steel (TS‐2) was more or less higher than that of the normally heat treated steel, especially at section sizes lower than 20 mm. Meanwhile the prespherodised steel showed lower toughness at section sizes of more than 20 mm. The hot hardness for the same thickness and test temperature of normally hardened high speed steels was higher to some extent than that for prespherodised and hardened ones. However, the hot hardness increases as the size of sample increases, due to the gross of eutectic and secondary carbide.     

Cr-Ni-Cu系低合金铸钢在海洋大气环境中的腐蚀行为

为满足桥梁支座用铸钢在海洋大气环境下的耐蚀性要求,设计了2种成分的Cr-Ni-Cu系耐腐蚀低合金铸钢。采用周浸加速腐蚀试验、实地大气暴露试验考察试验钢在海洋大气环境中的腐蚀行为,并结合扫描电镜、XRD、电化学手段分析了合金元素对锈层和电化学行为的影响。结果表明,2种成分的Cr-Ni-Cu系低合金铸钢的耐蚀性均较好,随着时间延长,耐蚀铸钢腐蚀率下降并达到稳定,而对比钢种20MnSi腐蚀率保持下降趋势,未达到稳定状态。周浸腐蚀316h后耐蚀铸钢与20MnSi腐蚀率差距变小;Cr元素在内锈层中呈条带状富集,有效阻碍了Cl-的扩散,Ni的加入提高钢的自腐蚀电位,促进γ-FeOOH向α-FeOOH的转化,增加锈层稳定性;Cr、Ni、Cu的复合加入增大了铸钢的电荷传递电阻,提高了耐蚀性。     

近年来低合金高强度钢的进展

 从洁净钢生产、薄板坯连铸连轧无头轧制、薄带铸轧以及以快速冷却为核心的TMCP工艺等几个方面介绍了HSLA钢生产工艺技术的最新发展,并系统介绍了汽车用钢、船舶及海洋工程用钢、管线钢、建筑结构钢、核电用钢、压力容器用钢、工程机械用钢及集装箱用钢等行业所用的HSLA钢品种开发方面新进展。认为未来HSLA钢将向高强、高性能和低成本方向发展,对HSLA钢的发展有指导作用。     

钨钼氧化物间接加入法生产高速钢研究

本研究用钨钼氧化物间接加入法生产高速钢的工艺。通过增加吨钢钨钼氧化物用量和降低对钨钼氧化物中硫，磷等有害元素的要求，扩大了钢种范围，并保证了钢的质量。     

Thermomechanical processing of microalloyed powder forged steels and a cast vanadium steel

The effects of controlled rolling on transformation behavior of two powder forged (P/F) microalloyed vanadium steels and a cast microalloyed vanadium steel were investigated. Rolling was carried out in the austenitic range below the recrystallization temperature. Equiaxed grain structures were produced in specimens subjected to different reductions and different cooling rates. The ferrite grain size decreased with increasing deformation and cooling rate. Ferrite nucleated on second phase particles, deformation bands, and on elongated prior austenite grain boundaries; consequently a high fractional ferrite refinement was achieved. Deformation raised the ferrite transformation start temperature while the time to transformation from the roll finish temperature decreased. Cooling rates in the cast steel were higher than in P/F steels for all four cooling media used, and the transformation start temperatures of cast steels were lower than that of P/F steel. Intragranular ferrite nucleation, which played a vital role in grain refinement, increased with cooling rate. Fully bainitic microstructures were formed at higher cooling rates in the cast steel. In the P/F steels inclusions and incompletely closed pores served as sites for ferrite nucleation, often forming a ‘secondary’ ferrite. The rolling schedule reduced the size of large pores and particle surface inclusions and removed interconnected porosity in the P/F steels. Formerly Postgraduate Researcher in the Department of Metallurgy and Materials Science, UMIST/University of Manchester, United Kingdom