一种基于分布式空时码的协作MIMO分集复用折衷新方案

协作MIMO通过多个单天线节点的相互协作构造多发射天线,以此形成一种虚拟MIMO多天线阵列获得空间分集增益。考虑到协作MIMO特点,天线间采用分布式空时编码进行编码协作。文章研究了协作MIMO中基于分布式空时码(DSTC)的分集复用折衷(DMT)新方案,该方案通过推导两种DSTC的中断概率与分集增益表达式,结合两类DSTC的DMT策略,根据改变复用增益阈值自适应获得最佳DMT与中断性能。数值仿真表明,所提的DMT策略可以逼近协作MIMO的DMT上限,协作节点采用该策略的中断性能仅次于上限的中断性能。在多节点构成协作MIMO网络分布式空时编码协作中,提出的DMT新方案可使系统高效地获得协作分集增益与中断性能。     

一种协同分集方案的误码性能分析

协同分集(cooperative diversity)技术通过为网络中某些单天线用户寻找若干个用户作为"伙伴",并共享彼此天线,形成虚拟的多天线阵列,来实现多天线分集,结合分布式空时分组编码(Distributed Space Time Block Code,DSTBC),可以有效地提高系统性能.多载波码分多址(Multi-Carrier Code Division Multiple Access,MC-CDMA)技术将数据调制到各个子载波上发送,可以有效地抵抗信道频率选择性衰落的影响.本文提出了无线网络中频率选择性衰落信道环境下的一种基于分布式空时分组码和MC-CDMA的协同发射分集方案,建立了协同用户间的误码表示模型,基于该模型推导了协同分集方案误码性能的理论表达式,并分析了协同用户间的平均解码差错概率对系统方案误码性能的影响,同时给出了仿真结果.结果表明,DSTBC-MC-CDMA相对于未协同的MC-CDMA系统获得了明显的性能增益,同时仿真也较好地验证了理论结果.     

MIMO-OFDM系统关键技术空时编码的研究

分集技术在无线信道上的应用,适应了有限带宽和功率资源。基于多输入多输出(Multipe Input Multiple Output,MIMO)的多天线系统的空时编码技术(Space Time Code,STC)可以充分利用无线通信信道中的多径,提高了无线链路的质量和谱效率,从而降低误码率、提高系统的可靠性。本文在空时编码技术的基础上,基于OFDM(正交频分复用)的多载波调制技术,提出一种STBC-OFDM(空时分组码)的编码改进方案,以期更高效利用频谱资源。     

MIMO的天线系统设计

系统地描述了MIMO分集性能衡量指标,并对空间分集、方向图分集、极化分集进行了概念描述。进而根据MIMO系统天线设计的要求和特点,结合新型MIMO系统天线单元和天线阵列,分析了其设计思路,同时重点设计了一种用于MIMO系统的终端阵列天线,即单层矩形切角贴片天线,并对其S 参数和方向图进行了模拟和分析。模拟结果对合理设计MIMO系统发射和接收端天线阵列具有现实意义。     

基于DSTBC-MC-CDMA的无线网络协同发射分集系统

协同分集(cooperative diversity)技术通过使网络中各单天线用户共享彼此天线,形成虚拟的多天线阵列来实现发射或接收分集,可以有效地提高系统性能。该文提出无线网络中频率选择性衰落信道环境下的一种基于分布式空时分组码(Distributed Space Time Block Code, DSTBC)和MC-CDMA的协同发射分集方案,并给出了系统实现。建立了误码模型,探讨了协同用户间的信道状态信息(CSI)对系统误码性能的影响,分析了误码性能的上限,并给出了仿真结果。结果表明,DSTBC-MC-CDMA系统相对于未协同的MC-CDMA系统,获得了明显的性能增益。     

一种空间相关MIMO信道下的空时预编码方案

在实际的多输入多输出（MIMO：Muhiple Input Multiple Output）移动通信系统中，信道的空间相关性通常会使得现有的空时编码方案难以获得最佳的误码性能。为了解决该问题，本文提出了一种适用于MIMO空间相关信道的空时预编码方案。该方案在完成对发射信号的空时编码后，针对发射天线的空间相关矩阵设计了合理的预编码矩阵，进而能够在保证分集增益的前提下克服相关信道的不利影响。仿真结果证实，该方案能够在一定程度上有效提高整个系统的误码性能。     

基于MIMO的无线认知传感器网络研究

作为现代无线通信的核心技术,MIMO(多输入多输出)利用发射端和接收端的多副天线,来改善无线通信性能,而无需额外的无线带宽。MIMO中的空间分集、空间复用、波束形成、智能天线等可以帮助WCSN(无线认知传感器网络)接入有价值的频谱,提高链路质量和频谱效率。文章分析MIMO在阵列增益、分集增益和复用增益等方面的优势,介绍空时分组编码、空时网格编码和分层空时编码的工作原理,给出MIMO无线认知传感器网络的基本中继策略。     

高速铁路无线通信中基于正交空时码的格型正交重构算法

分析了基于正交空时码的开环和闭环MIMO系统,并着重研究了高铁场景下速度对正交空时码的影响：高速移动导致的快时变信道将会破环正交空时码的正交结构,降低由此获得的分集增益,从而引起了误码率性能的降低。提出了格型正交重构算法,通过givens变换对正交空时码进行码内正交重构;算法在恢复码内正交性的同时,也改变了发射端波束成形方向。因此,在高速移动场景下,所提算法使发射端获得了波束成形的阵列增益以及与用户静止时相同的分集增益。从系统性能仿真中看出,所提算法提升了高铁场景下基于正交空时码MIMO系统的误码性能。     

几种接收机在MIMO信道下的性能比较

多入多出（MIMO）无线信道具有空间复用增益和分集增益特性,因此MIMO系统和单入单出（SISO）无线系统相比能够获得更高的频谱效率。本文在不同天线组合下分析了几种MIMO空时信号处理算法的性能,仿真结果和理论分析表明：空间复用增益和分集增益不能同时获得最大,因此在设计MIMO通信系统时可根据实际情况选择天线数,即不仅考虑系统抵抗信道衰落的分集增益,还要考虑能够提供更高的数据传输速率,通过折衷考虑空间复杂增益和分集增益,从更全面的观点评估系统的性能。     

空时编码技术在OFDM系统中的研究

正交频分复用（OFDM）技术是一种多载波调制技术,其子载波之间相互正交,可以高效地利用频谱资源。空时编码是一种用于多发射天线的编码技术,该编码在多根发射天线和各个时间周期的发射信号之间能够产生空间域和时间域的相关性,从而使接收机克服多入多出（MIMO）信道衰落和减少发射误码率。这两种技术的结合,实现了最大分集增益,误码性能得到很好改善,而且具有系统实现复杂度低的特点。     

BER criterion and codebook construction for finite-rate precoded spatial multiplexing with linear receivers

Precoded spatial multiplexing systems with rate-limited feedback have been studied recently based on various precoder selection criteria. Instead of those based on indirect performance indicators, we in this paper propose a new criterion directly based on the exact bit error rate (BER) that is applicable to systems with linear receivers and rectangular/square quadrature-amplitude-modulation constellations. The BER criterion outperforms any other alternative in terms of optimizing the BER performance for an uncoded system with linear receivers. We then develop a precoder codebook construction method based on the generalized Lloyd algorithm from the vector quantization literature. This construction is not directly based on the BER criterion. Hence, it is suboptimal in the BER sense. However, relative to those currently available, our newfound codebooks improve considerably various minimum distances between any pair of codewords of the codebook. Finally, we analyze the BER-optimal precoder in the asymptotic case with infinite-rate feedback that amounts to perfect channel knowledge at the transmitter. The infinite-rate optimal precoder based on the BER criterion is drastically different from the counterparts with other criteria, and it leads to a benchmark performance for finite-rate precoded spatial multiplexing systems. We observe from numerical results that the BER performance of finite-rate feedback with suboptimal codebooks approaches quickly the benchmark performance of infinite-rate feedback. This suggests that i) the number of feedback bits in practical systems need not be large and ii) the room for performance improvement via further codebook optimization shrinks quickly as the codebook size increases.     

基于空间分集的UWB系统性能分析

将多接收天线应用于跳时(TH)二进制反极性脉冲幅度调制(2PAM)超宽带(UWB)系统中,在存在多用户干扰的环境下以提高系统的误码性能,进而达到高速率通信。分析了在SGA条件下,基于空间分集的SINR的表达式,估计了系统的误比特率,并对2PAM-TH-UWB系统的性能进行仿真。仿真结果表明,随着接收端接收天线数的增加,2PAM-TH-UWB系统误码性能提高。     

A simulation method for bit-error-rate-performance estimation for arbitrary angle of arrival channel models

In this paper, a model for performing bit-error-rate (BER) analysis of various channel models is presented. Traditional simulation methods model the mobile radio channel as having Rayleigh fading, and are focused on the fluctuation of the amplitude of the received signal. Modern spatial models include information such as the angle of arrival of the incoming signals, the time-delay spread, and the number of multipath components. A simulation tool is developed that exploits the spatial statistical characteristics of the channel in order to derive estimates of the expected BER performance. The specific case of the geometrically based single-bounce elliptical model (GBSBEM) is presented and compared to the Rayleigh model. The impact of the employment of antenna arrays at the receiver is also examined. The possibility of determining the BER performance of communication systems, assuming arbitrary channel models, is justified.     

On the Performance of Distributed Space-Time Block Codes in Cooperative Relay Networks

In this paper, space-time block codes (STBCs) are applied in a distributed fashion in a scenario with multiple cooperating relay stations (RSs) having multiple antennas. By applying the Chernoff bound to the theoretical bit error rate (BER) in Rayleigh fading channels, it turns out that the BER performance has a higher sensitivity to spatial correlation in multiple input multiple output channels than to different receive powers at the receiver from different cooperating RSs. If the number of overall available antennas exceeds the number of required antennas for the considered STBC, based on the theoretical analysis a criterion for the selection of the antennas which should cooperate in order to achieve the best BER performance is given     

BER Performance of Free-Space Optical Transmission with Spatial Diversity

Free space optical (FSO) communications is a cost-effective and high bandwidth access technique, which has been receiving growing attention with recent commercialization successes. A major impairment in FSO links is the turbulence- induced fading which severely degrades the link performance. To mitigate turbulence-induced fading and, therefore, to improve the error rate performance, spatial diversity can be used over FSO links which involves the deployment of multiple laser transmitters/receivers. In this paper, we investigate the bit error rate (BER) performance of FSO links with spatial diversity over log- normal atmospheric turbulence fading channels, assuming both independent and correlated channels among transmitter/receiver apertures. Our analytical derivations build upon an approximation to the sum of correlated log-normal random variables. The derived BER expressions quantify the effect of spatial diversity and possible spatial correlations in a log-normal channel.     

频率选择性信道下空间相关MIMO的迭代检测技术

给出了一种频率选择性信道下空间相关MIMO的系统模型,其发送端采用准循环系统RA码,接收端采用一种对空间相关和非相关信道均适用的软干扰消除迭代检测算法.该算法首先采用基于最小均方误差检测(MMSE)的滑动窗口模型进行干扰消除,然后采用多天线联合最大似然检测(ML)以得到软信息,再将得到的软信息传递到译码器译码并输出发送比特的软信息作为下一次迭代的先验信息,即完成一次迭代.此模型能够取得比较好的误码率性能(BER),其改进方案既增加了发送端的调制域分集,性能又有提升.作为比较,基于软干扰消除的逐天线MMSE迭代检测的方案(ABA SC/MMSE)性能很差.仿真结果也证明了以上观点.     

非正弦通信短波信道仿真方法

为了掌握基于椭圆球面波的非正弦通信短波信道误码率性能,比较不同通信体制短波信道误码率性能的优劣,对Watterson短波信道模型原理进行了分析,根据Watterson短波信道模型原理,结合基于椭圆球面波的非正弦通信特点,提出了基于椭圆球面波的非正弦通信短波信道仿真方法,并对短波信道误码率性能进行了仿真。理论分析和仿真结...     

Performance analysis of coherent BPSK-OCDMA wireless communication system

In this paper, the design analysis and construction of the Optical Wireless Communication (OWC) system are presented based on a new spreading code sequence. This new code is called Double Length Modified Prime Code (DL-MPC), which is designed to enhance the system security and achieves better Bit Error Rate (BER) performance. Additionally, the Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) coherent homodyne Optical Code Division Multiple Access (OCDMA) transceiver is utilized based on the proposed code to improve the system performance. In the coherent homodyne system, the Mach–Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) is used as a phase modulator/demodulator. As well in this study, the proposed code construction and correlation characteristics have been investigated. Moreover, the OWC channel model is illustrated and further analyzed. The analysis and evaluation of overall system BER performance and throughput have been presented considering the effect of the Multi-User Interference (MUI) as a source of noise. Finally, the results indicated that the coherent homodyne OCDMA transceiver based on the DL-MPC outperforms the same system based on the popular codes concerning the system BER performance and system throughput.

     

基于优化多带复小波的多载波CDMA及反向链路性能

在分析多载波码分多址的原理基础上,利用优化生成的多带复小波,提出了一种基于优化多带复小波的多载波CDMA系统反向链路模型,并采用基于多天线的空间分集合并(SDC)技术进一步完善所提系统.该系统可利用优化多带复小波的优良特性来避免通常多载波CDMA由于插入循环前缀所带来的频谱效率的下降,在此基础上我们研究了所提系统采用空间分集合并技术时在瑞利衰落信道下的反向链路性能;给出相应的误比特率分析.理论分析和仿真结果表明采用基于最大比合并的SDC技术可显著提高所提系统抗空间衰落和各种干扰的能力,而且基于SDC技术的所提系统要好于同样基于SDC技术的通常多载波CDMA系统和基于实小波包的多载波CDMA系统.     

天线相关性对MIMO系统BER性能的影响分析

推导了一种基于拉普拉斯角能量分布的天线相关性的精确算法表达式与近似表达式,分析了影响MIMO系统天线空间相关性的因素,并将之用于对MIMO系统的BER分析。在均匀线性阵列跟圆形阵列中,对比了不同衰落因子下,系统BER随信噪比、天线之间距离以及信号到达角的变化关系。分析了决定系统BER的因素以及降低系统BER的方法。最后通过对近似算法的研究发现,在衰落因子a值比较大时,近似算法能很好地代替精确算法,并能大大简化计算复杂度。