介孔CuCe/M/CuCe(M=Co,Mn,Zr)催化剂富H_2中优先氧化CO的催化性能

优先氧化是去除富H2中CO最有效的方法,铜铈催化剂是该领域的研究热点。以SBA-15为模板剂,采用纳米刻蚀法合成系列介孔Cu Ce/M/Cu Ce(M=Co,Mn,Zr)催化剂,采用XRD、N2吸附-脱附、TEM、H2-TPR和O2-TPD对催化剂结构及形貌进行表征,并对其在富H2中CO优先氧化性能进行研究。结果表明,Mn有利于催化剂表面吸附氧的增加,有助于大量氧空位的产生,进而促进CO优先氧化性能的提高;Zr的加入抑制了Cu O的还原,且其表面氧脱附温度范围过宽,不利于催化剂催化氧化性能的释放。掺杂Co与Mn可以形成Ce-Cu-M-O固溶体,促进了催化剂表面氧和晶格氧之间的相互转化,最终有利于铜铈催化剂CO优先氧化性能的提高。     

普利司通推出最大牵引力M/T2轮胎

<正>美国《现代轮胎经销商》(www.moderntiredealer.com)2017年5月11日报道:普利司通美洲公司的新Firestone Destination M/T2轮胎(见图1)旨在为越野条件的4×4汽车、皮卡车和SUV车提供最大牵引力。新轮胎取代了2002年推出的Firestone Destination M/T系列轮胎。普利司通称,新的M/T2轮胎比其前身"做得更好"。先进的轮胎技术,     

Al2O3/TiO2/M复合膜的制备

利用直流脉冲氧化和交流电沉积,在铝基体表面制备了Al₂O₃/TiO₂复合膜。探讨了Al₂O₃/TiO₂复合膜的形成过程及制备过程的影响因素。通过电沉积在Al₂O₃/TiO₂复合膜上掺杂金属离子来提高复合膜的光催化性能,并用制备的Al₂O₃/TiO₂/M 复合膜光催化降解次甲基蓝。     

X-ray phase,structural, dielectric and magnetic studying of BiFe1-х(M1/2Ti1/2)хO3 (M = Co,Ni, Zn, х = 0–0.11) multiferroics

Perovskite-like rhombohedral distorted solid solutions of BiFe_1-х(M_1/2Ti_1/2)_хO₃ (M = Co, Ni, Zn, x = 0–0.11) were obtained by solid-phase synthesis. An indicator of the solid solution formation is the change of unit cells parameters, that corresponds to the ionic radii of mixed cations (M1/2Ti1/2)3+ (M = Co, Ni, Zn. Solid solutions of BiFe_1-х(M_1/2Ti_1/2)_хO₃ (M = Co, Ni), in contrast to BiFe_1-x(Zn_1/2Ti_1/2)_xO₃ demonstrate ferromagnetic hysteresis pels at room temperature. The x growth in the range from 0.01 to 0.11 for the BiFe_1-х(M_1/2Ti_1/2)_хO₃ system leads to, the saturation magnetization M_S and the remanent magnetization M_R increase from ∼0.1 and ∼2.4⋅10⁻³ emu/g to ∼0.4 and ∼0.038 emu/g respectively. In the same time the coercive force H_c decreases from ∼120 to ∼80 Oe. For the BiFe_1-х(Co_1/2Ti_1/2)_хO₃ system, a noticeably higher magnetic properties with a more complex dependence on x are observed. The maximum parameter values are observed at x = 0.04–0.05: M_S = 0.83 and M_R = 0.24 emu/g, H_c = 1.8 kOe. It is suggested that the detected anomalies of Co-containing solid solutions behavior are related to the one-ionic magnetocrystalline anisotropy of Co²⁺ cations. The BiFe_1-х(M_1/2Ti_1/2)_хO₃ (M = Co, Ni) samples demonstrate piezoelectric constant d₃₃ up to 7 pC/N. Due to the set of properties the materials obtained can be classified as high-temperature multiferroics.     

SiO2-Al2O3-Na2O-MO(M=Ca,Ba)玻璃在SOFC中的性能研究

从玻璃的粘结强度与气密性角度出发,对在固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)领域中应用较为广泛的SiO₂-Al₂O₃-Na₂O-CaO(S1)和SiO₂-Al₂O₃-Na₂O-BaO(S2)两款密封玻璃进行了研究对比。研究发现,S1与SOFC的粘结强度为2.00 MPa, 30 kPa下的气体泄漏率为0.041 sccm/cm,而S2与SOFC的粘结强度为3.93 MPa, 30 kPa下的气体泄漏率为0.027 sccm/cm,结果表明,S2的密封效果优于S1。750℃下H₂/Air=0.6/3.0 slm时,分别以S1和S2密封的SOFC开路电压(OCV)对比验证了以上结果,前者(S1)的OCV值只有0.949 V,远低于后者(S2)的1.08 V。最后结合热膨胀系数(TEC)以及微观形貌对两款密封材料进行了深入探讨分析,为Ca系和Ba系高温密封玻璃的优化提供了借鉴。     

A12 O3/TiO2/M复合膜的制备

利用直流脉冲氧化和交流电沉积,在铝基体表面制备了A12O3/TiO2复合膜.探讨了A12O3/TiO2复合膜的形成过程及制备过程的影响因素.通过电沉积在A12O3/TiO2复合膜上掺杂金属离子来提高复合膜的光催化性能,并用制备的A12O3/TiO2/M复合膜光催化降解次甲基蓝.     

固体超强酸催化剂S2O82-/聚乙二醇-TiO2-M2O3(M=Al,Cr)制备乙酰丙酸

研制了固体超强酸催化剂S₂O₈^2-/聚乙二醇-TiO₂-M₂O₃(M=Al,Cr), 并以赤砂糖为原料,催化水解法制备乙酰丙酸。通过单变量法考察了催化剂焙烧时间、催化剂用量、赤砂糖浓度、反应温度和反应时间等对乙酰丙酸收率的影响,并通过正交实验确定最佳工艺条件。结果表明,在催化剂焙烧时间120 min、赤砂糖浓度为10 g·L^-1、催化剂用量为赤砂糖质量的15%、反应温度200 ℃和反应时间120 min条件下,乙酰丙酸收率达39.98%。     

O3/UV,O3/TiO2/UV,O3/VO2/TiO2降解磺基水杨酸

实验利用O3/UV,O3/TiO2/UV,O3/VO2/TiO2降解了磺基水杨酸.结果表明,在这三种高级氧化技术中,O3/VO2/TiO2的氧化效果最好,如在相同的条件下,30 min后取样表明三者COD的去除率分别为47%,55%和70%.在不同pH条件下研究表明O3/TiO2/UV对水体pH的影响较为敏感.通过加入自由基猝灭剂研究表明三者产生羟基自由基的活性顺序是O3/VO2/TiO2＞O3/TiO2/UV＞O3/UV.     

Sulforaphane,a Dietary Isothiocyanate,Induces G2/M Arrest in Cervical Cancer Cells through CyclinB1 Downregulation and GADD45β/CDC2 Association

Globally, cervical cancer is the most common malignancy affecting women. The main treatment methods for this type of cancer include conization or hysterectomy procedures. Sulforaphane (SFN) is a natural, compound-based drug derived from dietary isothiocyanates which has previously been shown to possess potent anti-tumor and chemopreventive effects against several types of cancer. The present study investigated the effects of SFN on anti-proliferation and G₂/M phase cell cycle arrest in cervical cancer cell lines (Cx, CxWJ, and HeLa). We found that cytotoxicity is associated with an accumulation of cells in the G₂/M phases of the cell-cycle. Treatment with SFN led to cell cycle arrest as well as the down-regulation of Cyclin B1 expression, but not of CDC2 expression. In addition, the effects of GADD45β gene activation in cell cycle arrest increase proportionally with the dose of SFN; however, mitotic delay and the inhibition of proliferation both depend on the dosage of SFN used to treat cancer cells. These results indicate that SFN may delay the development of cancer by arresting cell growth in the G₂/M phase via down-regulation of Cyclin B1 gene expression, dissociation of the cyclin B1/CDC2 complex, and up-regulation of GADD45β proteins.     

丙三醇水蒸气重整制氢M/Al2O3催化剂

以Al2O3为载体,采用浸渍法制备了Cu、Co、Ni、Pt/Al2O3四种单一组分催化剂(M/Al2O3)。研究了M/Al2O3催化剂对丙三醇水蒸气重整制氢反应的适用性及反应行为;考察了制备条件及还原条件,通过活性、稳定性及抗积炭性进行了催化剂的活性评价,并对催化剂进行了TPR、XRD表征。研究发现M/Al2O3催化剂用于丙三醇水蒸气重整制氢均表现出一定活性;其中Cu/Al2O3催化剂具有一定的抗积炭性;Pt/Al2O3催化剂表现出较好的抗积炭性、高温活性,但稳定性较差;Co/Al2O3催化剂表现出较好的稳定性;Ni/Al2O3催化剂表现出较好的低温活性。     

固体超强酸催化剂S2O82-/ZrO2-M2O3（M=Al,Fe）制备5-羟甲基糠醛

研制了固体超强酸催化剂S2O82-/ZrO2-M2O3（M= Al, Fe）, 并以赤砂糖为原料,催化水解法制备5-羟甲基糠醛。通过单变量法考察了催化剂的焙烧时间、赤砂糖浓度、反应温度、反应时间、催化剂的用量等对5-羟甲基糠醛相对收率的影响,并采用了正交实验来确定最佳工艺条件。研究结果表明：当催化剂的焙烧时间为120 min、赤砂糖浓度为10 g/L、反应温度为200 ℃、反应时间为40 min、催化剂用量为赤砂糖量的15%时,5-羟甲基糠醛相对收率最大,达到41.43%。     

CVD制备MB_2(M=Ti,Zr,Hf)研究进展

MB2(M=Ti,Zr,Hf)是ⅣB族过渡金属的硼化物,化学气相淀积(CVD)是制备MB2类薄膜材料和保护涂层的最有效技术之一。对MB2类材料CVD制备的热力学进行了简要分析。阐述了反应前驱体的选择和应用。对近年来MB2类材料的CVD合成制备的最新研究报道进行了整理和总结,对MB2类材料的CVD制备发展进程进行了概括。从CVD过程的设备工艺到产物的表征,从显微结构的定性研究到晶格常数匹配的定量分析,均进行了简要的阐述。最后,对CVD工艺制备MB2类材料的发展和应用前景进行了展望。     

H2, CO, N2, O2和CH4在碳膜中的扩散

Diffusion of pure H2, CO, N2,O2 and CH4 gases through nanoporous carbon membrane is investigated by carrying out non-equilibrium molecular dynamics （NEMD） simulations. The flux, transport diffusivity and activation energy for the pure gases diffusing through carbon membranes with various pore widths were investigated. The simulation results reveal that transport diffusivity increases with temperature and pore width, and its values have a magnitude of 10^-7 m^2·s^-1 for pore widths of about 0.80 to 1.21 nm at 273 to 300 K. The activation energies for the gases diffusion through the membrane with various pore widths are about 1-5 kJ·mol^-1, The results of transport diffusivities are comparable with that of Rao and Sircar （J. Membr. Sci., 1996）, indicating the NEMD simulation method is a good tool for predicting the transport diffusivities for gases in porous materials, which is always difficult to be accurately measured by experiments.     

TiO2/MS(M=Cd,Zn,Cu)纳米复合光催化剂的制备及光催化活性研究

在室温下,以正丁胺为模板剂[1],通过简单的化学方法合成ZnS,CdS,CuS纳米颗粒.以钛酸丁酯为主要原料,用溶胶-凝胶法制备了TiO2/ZnS,TiO2/CdS,TiO2/CuS的纳米复合物,采用UV-Vis对其进行简单表征.并通过测定甲基橙的脱色速率,评价所有样品的光催化活性.结果表明:不同的硫化物在同一复合量时...     

Mössbauer spectroscopy,XRPD, and SEM study of iron-containing Na2O-B2O3-SiO2 glasses

Glasses in the Na₂O-B₂O₃-SiO₂-Fe₂O₃ system are suitable for producing magnetic porous glasses—host matrices for multiferroic composite materials for spintronics applications. Successful synthesis of such materials is dependent on the knowledge of crystallization and immiscibility areas in this system. Here, we report new findings for such glasses with a constant SiO₂ concentration of 70 mol %, containing 7-12 mol % Fe₂O₃, whose compositions lie in the low (2 mol % Na₂O) and higher (8-12 mol % Na₂O) alkali regions, heat-treated at 550°C. Glasses were studied using analytical chemistry methods and investigated by means of Mössbauer spectroscopy, XRPD and SEM. We outlined the immiscibility area boundary in the chosen silica cross-section for 550°C, indicating the region of interconnected morphology and the crystallization fields of magnetite and FeSiO₃, and correlated them with data on the valence and coordination state of iron in glasses. We find that both Fe³⁺ and Fe²⁺ ions in the low-alkali region are octahedrally coordinated, in higher alkali area Fe³⁺ and Fe²⁺ are tetrahedrally and octahedrally coordinated, respectively. A significant amount of Fe²⁺ in the low-alkali region can be the cause of the FeSiO₃ formation. The usual crystalline phase in non-X-Ray amorphous glasses is magnetite, precipitating at the annealing stage.     

固体超强酸催化剂S2O2-8/聚乙二醇-TiO2-M2O3(M=Al,Cr)制备乙酰丙酸

研制了固体超强酸催化剂S2O2-8-/聚乙二醇- TiO2 - M2O3(M=Al,Cr),并以赤砂糖为原料,催化水解法制备乙酰丙酸.通过单变量法考察了催化剂焙烧时间、催化剂用量、赤砂糖浓度、反应温度和反应时间等对乙酰丙酸收率的影响,并通过正交实验确定最佳工艺条件.结果表明,在催化剂焙烧时间120 min、赤砂糖浓度为10 g·L-1、催化剂用量为赤砂糖质量的15％、反应温度200℃和反应时间120 min条件下,乙酰丙酸收率达39.98％.