多元化战略的思考

多元化经营是很多企业发展到一定阶段的战备选择，但在实践中既有成功的经典，也有失败的例子。本文对企业主营业务的充分发展和核心竞争力的形成，多元化经营的产联产业战略目标；以及多元化经营的时机与途径等方面问题进行初步探讨。最终得出如下结论：经营业务的充分发展和核心竞争力的形成是企业多元化经营的基础；多元化经营进入的领域必须以战略关联产业为主攻目标；选择多元化经营的途径应以并购方式为首选；多元化经营的市场时机应综合考虑拟进入产业的发展势态及企业核心竞争力两者间的最佳切入点。通过对多元化战略的研究，以期对准备选择多元化战略的企业有所帮助。     

企业能力对多元化路径选择的影响

多元化与专业化作为企业的两种经营战略,本身都是中性的,并无好坏、优劣之分。企业究竟是采用多元化战略还是专业化战略,或者说,多元化战略与专业化战略的成功与否,完全取决于企业当时所拥有和控制的能力与企业经营活动的匹配状况。回顾现代企业的发展历程,多元化战略是与现代企业的成长和发展相伴相生的极为重要的企业经营战略。在当今世     

财务战略在企业战略管理体系中地位辨析

尽管财务战略在企业战略体系中居于从属地位,但是财务战略仍然具有相对独立性。尽管出于企业生存发展的内在需求和扩张动力,企业战略的经营之道必然居于主导地位谋篇布局高瞻远瞩,但从战略的成败得失考量,财务战略才是牵引企业战略的核心主导力量,企业战略必须依赖财务战略的资源支持和方向选择,二者应该是既主仆有别又互为倚重的共生关系。这不仅是财务战略跟随企业战略的职能支持,而且是基于同一企业资源环境和企业发展阶段的理论分析基础。强力推行财务战略的从属性,或者财务部门唯唯诺诺缺乏职业决断和坚持,通常情况下基本可以协助达成企业战略目标,但很可能置企业于巨大的风险之中。基本上可以这样说,每一个成功的企业战略,可能让财务战略疲于应付;每一个人失败的企业战略,必然有一个失败的财务战略。     

浅析多元化战略

多元化战略是企业的总体战略之一,是企业最高层次的战略。只有总体战略选择好之后,企业才能制定较低层次的业务单位战略和职能战略。这是因为总体战略需要根据企业的目标,选择企业可以竞争的经营领域,合理配置企业经营所必需的资源,使企业各项经营业务互相支持、互相协调。企业的发展战略不止多元化战略一种,还包括一体化与密集型战略等。纵观世界大型企业,专注于一个领域发展的企业是不多见的,绝大多数企业横跨多个领域,并在其中的一个或者数个领域中处于领先地位,而它们在企业从小到大的发展路径中正是选择了多元化的发展战略。     

新媒体环境下的平台战略研究——以盛大网络为例

企业发展战略是决定企业经营活动成败的关键性因素,企业发展战略对于企业的可持续与跨越式发展意义重大。盛大网络作为国内领先的互动娱乐媒体企业,通过旗下盛大在线、盛大游戏、盛大文学等主体和其它业务,向广大用户提供多元化的互动娱乐内容和服务。本文利用盛大成功推出的文学平台作为研究对象,分析其在平台战略的主体模式下应用微交易等其他战略,弥补平台战略的盲点。并在展望中,提出了集群战略观对整合型娱乐平台的重要意义。     

房地产企业多元化经营战略研究

1965年美国著名战略管理学家伊戈尔·安索夫的《企业战略论》指出战略管理是企业最高层次的管理,指导着企业未来数年经营管理的总体目标和前进方向。企业战略包含三个层面：公司层战略、业务层战略和职能层战略;公司层是最高层次,该层面主要分为加强型战略、一体化战略、多元化战略和防御型战略。企业的发展往往要经过创业、扩张、多元化三个阶段,多元化经营战略是企业发展到一定规模的一种自然选择。     

浅谈企业多元化发展战略

当前社会,多元化发展战略作为很多企业推动自身不断发展壮大的一项重要的发展手段和方向被业界广泛采纳,但实施的效果却有明显差异。事实上多元化发展战略存在着众多优点的同时,也存在了弊端。因此,企业必须注重协同效应,考虑多元化经营成败的原因,选择正确的多元化经营途径,使多元化战略取得明显成效。     

对建筑企业多元化发展战略的思索

制定战略是企业成功的重要保证,文章从企业内外环境的分析,阐述如何制定多元化战略.     

归核化战略下企业内部资本市场运作——以云南白药为例

改革开放以来,很多企业通过实行多元化战略实现了快速发展。但是,在多元化发展过程中,一些企业出现了过度多元化的现象,妨碍了内部资本运作的正常进行。为了摆脱过度多元化带来的诸多弊端,一些企业开始将更多资源集中于核心产业,战略决策逐渐向归核化转变。基于此,本文以云南白药为案例,从不同战略环境角度分析内部资本市场运作方式的差异,进而对资本运作的效果进行评测,并在此基础上提出改进建议。     

项目组合管理在企业多元化战略中的应用研究

企业多元化经营是管理学界广泛关注的领域之一.许多学者对企业多元化经营失败的原因进行了深入的剖析,同时从不同角度提出了避免多元化经营失败的对策.但是,到目前为止,在已有研究中还没有形成一套系统的方法和工具以有效实施多元化经营战略.将项目组合管理应用于企业多元化战略中,可以在某种程度上推动企业获得持续成长.     

建筑企业多元化战略评价研究

构建建筑企业多元化战略评价指标体系,建立层次结构模型,并通过构造判断矩阵计算评价体系各级指标的权重;结合专家评分确定的二级指标分值,计算建筑企业的多元化战略的得分,以此作为其多元化战略评价或决策的依据;最后,以某大型建筑施工企业为例,向其提供多元化战略的建议决策。     

The organizational boundaries of housebuilding firms in Korea

This paper investigates the boundary of activities undertaken by Korean housebuilding firms. First, it examines the contractual relationships between housebuilding firms and contractors, focusing on the existence of quasi‐firm type organization in the Korean housebuilding industry. Second, it looks at how far Korean housebuilding firms diversify into other activities outside the industry. Secondary data analysis and an interview survey, carried out over the period between 1980 and 1995, were used. The results show that Korean housebuilding firms depend on a traditional contractual relationship with contractors but that quasi‐firm type organization is not established. On the other hand, housebuilding firms diversify into both related and unrelated business. This diversification could be a short‐term ‘survival strategy’ under a regulated environment rather than a long‐term ‘growth strategy’.     

基于核心能力的建筑企业专业化与多元化的战略选择

通过对建筑企业核心能力和专业化多元化战略的阐述,以及对专业化多元化的类型界定,建立了基于核心能力的建筑企业专业化多元化成长战略选择矩阵,并在此基础上提出了建筑企业在成长生命周期各阶段应采取的成长战略。     

基于模糊层次分析法的建筑企业开发房地产战略风险度量

当前建筑市场竞争日趋激烈,建筑企业通过实施多元化战略来提高经济效益,多数选择了房地产开发.文章首先识别了建筑企业开发房地产战略的风险,接着运用模糊层次分析法对风险进行了定量分析.最后指出,建筑企业向房地产行业多元化的主要风险在于融资能力.     

Diversification in the international construction business

Economic globalization has created an interdependent market that allows companies to transcend traditional national boundaries to conduct business overseas. In the international construction market, companies often adopt diversification as a strategy for growth, for risk management or for both. However, the diversification patterns of international construction companies (ICCs) as a group are barely clear. The primary aim of this research is to cover this knowledge void by mapping ICCs’ diversification patterns in both business sectors and geographical dispersal. It starts from a literature review of diversification theories. Based on the review, a series of hypotheses relating to ICCs’ diversification are proposed. Data are gleaned from Engineering News-Record, i.e. Bloomberg and Capital IQ, ranging from 2001 to 2015. By testing the hypotheses, it is found that larger ICCs prefer to diversify than their smaller counterparts. Most of the ICCs tend to diversify to geographical markets with similar cultural or institutional environment. Market demands drive ICCs to diversify to different geographical markets while they are more prudential in venturing into new business sectors. The research provides not only valuable insights into diversification patterns of ICCs, but also a solid point of departure for future theoretical and empirical studies.     

The use of global strategies by British construction firms

A two‐stage qualitative case study, and Yip's conceptual framework, are used to examine the extent to which British construction firms have adopted ‘global’ strategies. In the first stage industry experts provided evidence on the forces driving global strategy. In the second stage executives from eight internationally active firms described how they have responded to those forces. Results indicate that the forces driving globalisation, at least for traditional contracting activities, are not strong. Evidence shows that most firms operating internationally organise ‘multi‐locally’ and make little use of globally integrated strategies. However, firms that have moved into ‘higher value‐added’ construction activities have a greater propensity to integrate some aspects of their strategy on a global basis.     

“东西南北中”与当代中国建筑的“双十结构”

作为三家著名的民营建筑事务所的十周年回顾展,“东西南北中”在展出形式和价值表达上都呈现出某种结构特征。在宏观上,这种结构与近十年以来中国建筑生产的模式演进形成对照,并从历时性上,关联到整个新中国建筑生产的进程史。本文试图把“东西南北中”展览看成是散布在历史之河上的浮标,并籍此去梳理60年以来中国建筑生产的“力学构型”及其演化变异的过程,反过来也为三家建筑事务所的十年创作实践寻找恰当定义的脉络与基石。因此,本文认为,三家事务所的“展示结构”与近十年中国建筑在观念生产和大众传播上的变化共同指证了“文化转向”的发生学。多种“力学构型”并存的局面和象征体系的解构与重构,使得历史沉淀和象征利益全部浮出水面。在今天这个象征生产大于物质生产的时代,建筑领域的道德冒险与利益策略此起彼伏、难分胜负,不过,它们都指向了一个难以确定的未来,并为未来的观念生产者预留了巨大的空间。     

Using social network strategy to manage construction projects in China

Due to its unique culture, besides adopting established project management practices, the question is whether social network strategy is relevant for managing projects in China. The research aims to ascertain the relevance of social network strategy and identify the important network practices that foreign and local architectural, engineering or construction (A/E/C) firms adopt when managing construction projects in China. 82 sets of data were collected using a structured questionnaire. The results show that both local and foreign firms adopt practices relating to social network strategy to a significant extent. However, they do not collaborate with competitors even though this could add value to their products/service. Foreign firms also do not make enough use of political resources, relying neither on their home country governments nor the Chinese government. Foreign firms lag behind Chinese firms in not joining consortiums or enlarging the number of partners in their networks, suggesting a ‘do it alone’ stand.     

Mergers,acquisitions and the evolution of construction professional services firms

Whilst mergers and acquisitions are a favoured means of strategic renewal and expansion for firms, scant academic attention has been given to the growth patterns of construction professional services firms (CPSFs). The role of mergers and acquisitions in the evolution of CPSFs is examined. The findings are based on an analysis of the growth patterns of the top 25 CPSFs in the United Kingdom between 1988 and 2013. Since the 1990s, the increase in merger and acquisition activity has shaped the size, international presence, and multidisciplinary reach of the major CPSFs. However, CPSFs differ with respect to the intensity with which mergers and acquisitions are pursued. Whilst large, public limited companies are active acquirers, smaller and/or privately owned firms succeed in growing with a more selective acquisitive strategy, as they tend to rely more on organic growth. The findings call construction economists to attend to how acquisitions are radically changing the construction landscape and its main players. As the competitive advantage of firms is increasingly human capital-based, the example of the privately owned CPSFs that rely on organic modes of growth prompts a critical rethink of the role of mergers and acquisitions in firm growth.     

基于可持续发展的企业绿色化战略初探

多年以来,大多数企业经营者往往以为"绿色化"对企业而言是"责任和义务"。实际上,绿色化不仅仅是企业的社会责任,更是企业建立企业竞争优势的源泉。论文系统阐述了实施绿色化战略对企业实施可持续发展的贡献,并提出了企业如何通过实施绿色化战略建立持久竞争优势的阶段和路径。