高温超高压处理HDPE的WAXD及FT－IR研究

用ＷＡＸＤ和ＦＴ－ＩＲ对高温超高压处理前后的ＨＤＰＥ进行了研究。发现经５．０ＧＰａ的高压处理或２００℃下４．０ＧＰａ的高压同时处理后的ＨＤＰＥ分子链的化学结构未发生变化。ＨＤＰＥ晶体中（２００）面与（１１０）面衍射峰的峰高比（γ）随着压力的升高而增大，表明ＨＤＰＥ分子链在超高压作用下发生了取向排列，且升高温度更有利于这种取向排列，但当压力增大至５．０ＧＰａ及温度升高至２００℃时，γ反而大幅度下降。     

高温超高压处理HDPE的WAXD及FT—IR研究

用ＷＡＸＤ和ＦＴ－ＩＲ对高温超高压处理前后的ＨＤＰＥ进行了研究。发现经５．０ＧＰａ的高压处理或２００℃下４．０ＧＰａ的高压同时处理后的ＨＤＰＥ分子链的化学结构未发生变化。ＨＤＰＥ晶体中（２００）面与（１１０）面衍射峰的峰高比（γ）随着压力的升高而增大，表明ＨＤＰＥ分子链在超高压作用下发生了取向排列，且升高温度更有利于这种取向排列，且升高温度更有利于这种取向排列，但当压力增大至５．０ＧＰａ及温度升高     

DBM-g-PE与PVC的相互作用研究EI

采用固相接枝法制备了ＤＢＭ－ｇ－ＰＥ，用红外光谱分析证明了接枝物确实存在。ＰＶＣ／ＣＰＥ＝１００／５合金性能测定结果表明，添加５份接枝物的合金（Ａ），缺口冲击强度、拉伸强度分别为１８．２ｋＪ／ｍ２和５３．０ＭＰａ；而添加５份ＰＥ的合金（Ｂ），其相应性能为５．１ｋＪ／ｍ２和３３．８ＭＰａ。不加接枝物的合金（Ｃ），虽有高韧性，但拉伸强度却由５３．０ＭＰａ降至５０．２ＭＰａ。ＤＳＣ、ＳＥＭ的结果均表明，ＰＥ接枝ＤＢＭ后与ＰＶＣ的相互作用增强，与ＣＰＥ协同作用能增韧、增强ＰＶＣ，并探讨了其机理。     

双酚A型氰酸酯树脂的性能

首先对自行合成的双酚Ａ型氰酸酯（ＢＣＥ）树脂进行了ＤＳＣ分析,得到该树脂的熔点为７９．２℃。继而,研究了ＢＣＥ树脂固化后的力学性能。借助ＤＭＡ、ＴＧＡ等热分析技术研究了该树脂固化物的耐热性能。研究结果表明,ＢＣＥ树脂固化的具有优异的耐热性能（Ｔｇ＝２５８℃,起始分解温度〉４２６℃）,较高的力学性能（σｆ＝１０４ＭＰａ,Ｅｆ＝３．１０ＧＰａ,σｃ＝８６ＭＰａ,Ｅｃ＝３．０３ＧＰａ）,良好的耐湿热性能     

CONTENTS OF NEW CARBON MATERIALS OF Vol.16

Ｎｏ .1ＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈａｒｔｉｃｌｅｓＳＴＵＤＹＯＮＴＨＥＭＩＣＲＯＷＡＶＥＡＢＳＯＲＢＩＮＧＰＲＯＰＥＲＴＹＯＦＣＯＭＰＯＳＩＴＥＭＡＴＥＲＩＡＬＣＯＮＴＡＩＮＩＮＧＣＡＲＢＯＮＮＡＮＯＴＵＢＥＳ　ＷＩＴＨＮＩＣＯＡＴＩＮＧＳＨＥＮＺｅｎｇ ｍｉｎ　ＺＨＡＯＤｏｎｇ ｌｉｎ(1) :1………………………………………………………………………ＡＮＥＦＦＥＣＴＩＶＥＭＥＴＨＯＤＦＯＲＰＩＴＣＨＣＯＭＰＯＳＩＴＩＯＮＤＥＳＩＧＮＺＨＩＬｉｎ ｊｉｅ　ＳＯＮＧＪｉｎ ｒｅｎ　ＬＩＵＬａｎｇ(1) :5………………………     

紫外线辐照HDPE／PA6共混物界面相互作用的研究

采用ＥＳＣＡ、Ｍｏｌａｕ实验、ＳＥＭ、ＤＳＣ、ＤＭＡ、抽滤分析、ＦＴ－ＩＲ和拉抻应力－应弯曲线，研究了紫外线辐照ＨＤＰＥ／ＰＡ６共混物的界面相互作用机理。结果表明，紫外线辐照下，ＨＤＰＥ分子链上引入Ｃ＝Ｏ、ＣＯＯＨ、－ＯＨ、－ＯＯＨ、－Ｃ－Ｏ－等极性基因；在与ＰＡ６熔融共混过程中， 的Ｃ＝Ｏ、ＣＯＯＨ等基团与ＰＡ６分子我寂的酰胺基或端胺基发生化学反应，生成ＨＤＰＥ－ＰＡ６共聚物。共聚物的形成增强了     

超高真空（UHV）PECVD系统沉积a—Si1—xCx：Hk薄膜及其特性

本文研究了应用新型的超高真空等离子增强化学了相沉积（ＶＨＶ－ＰＥＣＶＤ）复合腔系统 只ａ－Ｓｉ１－ｘＣｘ：Ｈｋ薄膜及其特性。系统的真空度可达１０＾－７Ｐａ（１０＾－９Ｔｏｒｒ）以上。通过控制Ｈ２对常规用混合气体（ＳｉＨ４＋ＣＨ４）的稀释程度以及相应的ＣＨ４比例,优化沉积工艺参数,制备出能带宽度范围变化较大的高质量非晶氢化硅碳（ａ－Ｓｉ１－ｘＣｓ：Ｈｋ）薄膜,通过ＲＢＳ、ＥＲＤＡ、ＩＴ和Ｒａｍａｍ光     

原位增容HAPE／PET共混体系结构与性能的研究

采用ＤＳＣ、ＷＡＸＤ、ＳＥＭ及ＴＧＡ研究了ＨＤＰＥ－ＰＥＴ共混体系在增容剂ＥＶＡＳ及ＥＡＡ作用下的结晶性,继口的形态结构及热稳定性。结果表明,ＥＶＡ及ＥＡＡ的加入使ＨＤＰＥ－ＰＥＴ体系中ＨＤＰＥ组分的熔融热焓降低,结晶度下降,但熔融峰位置和晶胞结构基本保持不变;从扫描电镜照片可以观察到ＥＶＡ及ＥＡＡ对共混体系具有一定的增容作用,且ＥＡＡ的效果优于ＥＶＡ;共混体系的热稳定性随ＥＶＡ及ＥＡＡ的加入有所     

PVC／CEVA共混体系相容性研究

采用ＤＳＣ对ＰＶＣ／ＣＥＶＡ溶液共混物的玻璃化转变进行了研究。结果表明，对ＣＥＶＡ／ＰＶＣ质量比分别为１：９、２：８、４：６、８：２的共混体系，各共混物均分别出现一个明显的玻璃化转变温度，表明ＶＡｃ质量含量为５．９％，但氯含量为５８％的ＣＥＶＡ与ＰＶＣ具有较好的相容性，这是ＣＲ－ＭＭＡ－ＣＥＶＡ接枝共聚物对增塑ＰＶＣ人造革显示出较高粘合性能的主要根源。     

紫外线辐照HDPE与尼龙－6相容性的研究

采用ＩＲ、ＳＥＭ、ＤＳＣ和拉伸应力－应变曲线研究了紫外线辐照ＨＤＰＥ／ＰＡ６的相容性，结果表明，随紫外线辐照时间的增长，ＨＤＰＥ分子链上引入Ｃ＝Ｏ－Ｃ－Ｏ－等极性基团明显增加；ＰＡ６的粒径减小，与基体间界面作用加强；两组分玻璃化温度差（Ｔ_（ｇ，ＰＡ６）－Ｔ_（ｇ，ＨＤＰＥ））减小；共混物拉伸应力－应变曲线上出现屈服点及拉伸冷流塑性形变。当辐照时间达１４４ｈ后，由于ＨＤＰＥ热稳定性明显变差，共混物韧性突降，拉伸应力－应变曲线上未出现屈服点。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...     

Effect of Oxide Assisted Metal Nanoparticles on Microstructure and Morphology of Gallium oxide Nanowires

Several researches have been reported about the characteristic of β-Ga2O3 nanowires which was synthesized on nickel oxide particle. But indeed, recent researches about synthesis of β-Ga2O3 nanowires on oxide-assisted transition metal are limited to nickel or cobalt oxide catalyst. In this work, Gallium oxide (β-Ga2O3 ) nanowires were synthesized by a simple thermal evaporation method from gallium powder in the range of 700 - 1000℃ using the iron, nickel, copper, cobalt and zinc oxide as a catalyst, respectively. The β-Ga2O3 nanowires with single crystalline without defects were successfully synthesized at the reaction temperature of 850, 900 and 950℃ in all the catalysts. But optimum experimental condition in synthesis of nanowires varied with the kind of catalyst. As increasing synthesis temperature,the morphology of gallium oxide nanowires changed from nanowires to nanorods, and its diameter increased. From these results, we could be proposed that the growth mechanism of β-Ga2O3 nanowires was changed with synthesis temperature of nanowires. Microstructure and morphology of Synthesized nanowire was characterized by HR-TEM, FE-SEM, EDX and XRD.     

The Influence of Nitrogen and Boron Implant into Silicon Substrate on the Phase and Internal Stress of c-BN Films

Cubic boron nitride(c-BN) film was deposited on a Si (100) substrate by the RF-magnetron sputtering.The mainly problems for fabrication of c-BN films are the low purity and high intrinsic compressive stress. In order to solve the two problems, the c-BN film with the buffer interlayer was deposited on the substrate which had been implanted with nitrogen and/or boron ions. The results show: the implantation of nitrogen ions can obviously increase c-BN content and reduce the internal stress slightly; while the implantation of boron shows no obvious improvement to the content of c-BN, which can reduce the internal stress in the film obviously. In addition, it is suggested that the implantation of nitrogen and boron shows the best result, which not only can increase the content of c-BN, but also reduce the internal stress in the c-BN film obviously.