CDMA网络双寻呼信道配置及不同参数下手机信令的研究

从处理一起因为双寻呼双接入信道参数设置错误引起的用户投诉入手,研究并分析中兴双寻呼信道参数配置方法,实验各种参数配置下HASH到不同寻呼信道的移动台通话,基本厘清中兴双寻呼信道配置下的信令流程机制,确定相关参数含义,可为双寻呼业务开通及问题排查提供参考.     

大容量移动通信的交换控制技术

大容量公共移动电话网除具有市话的控制交换功能外,还具有移动通信特有的跟踪交换功能(如位置登记技术、一齐呼叫功能、话音跟踪监测、通话中的信道切换等)。1.位置登记及一齐呼叫在大范围的服务区域情况下,要寻呼某个移动台,若事先不知道它所处的位置,盲目寻呼.线路的使用效率不高。为此,     

EV-DO Rev A快速寻呼接入研究

DO Rev A在前向链路采用多种包传输格式、子同步控制信道（SSCC）、动态寻呼周期等关键技术实现了前向快速寻呼;在反向链路采用高速接入信道、短接入包前导等关键技术实现了反向快速接入,从而改善了对时延敏感业务的支持。DO Rev A通过DOS协议实现了在控制信道和接入信道传送用户数据,从而支持PTT业务。本文介绍了DO Rev A上述关键技术,并分析它们对用户接入和寻呼的性能影响。     

TD-SCDMA系统中移动台的话音寻呼处理

如果网络需要和LIE建立RR连接,就需要向LIE所在的位置区发送寻呼消息。但是为了节省UE的功耗,LIE也不是实时地监视所有的寻呼信息,它们将按规定的算法在控制信道上监听广播的寻呼消息。从整个TD-SCDMA系统的角度分析TD—SCDMA系统广播寻呼的机制,以及LIE响应寻呼的方法。     

数据业务中公共控制信道的优化方法

近几年数据业务发展迅速,由于数据业务对GSM无线网络公共控制信道资源占用的快速增长,部分小区在业务忙时出现了公共控制信道的拥塞,从而导致该小区无线网络的寻呼性能及网络接入性能下降。湖州移动创新使用多种方法对公共控制信道进行了优化,缓解了公共控制信道的拥塞,并在高数据业务压力及高语音业务负荷之下依旧维持了较好的小区寻呼性能和网络接入性能。湖州移动现网的运营经验证明,这些优化方法是行之有效的。     

CDMA网络接入失败的原因探讨

1 前言CDMA网络的接入过程比较复杂,涉及的参数比较多,接入失败比较常见,实际表现形式多,而且难以模拟,是引起用户各种投诉的重要原因,一直困扰着网络运维工作。本文对接入流程进行分析,重点探讨了接入过程中占比例较高的移动台试探失败和基站信道捕获失败原因,以便在CDMA网络日常的运维、优化和投诉处理中,可以针对性地定位问题、解决问题。2 接入流程分析按照cdma2000系列标准规定,当移动台有业务到达或收到基站的寻呼消息时,移动台进入接入系统状态(ACC-mode),其接入流程一般可分为5个不同阶段:(1)移动台接入试探,在接入信道发送…     

CDMA寻呼信道负荷的计算(上)

首先分析了寻呼信道的特性和帧结构；然后通过分析寻呼信道发送的各种消息的内容，对每个内容的长度进行了计算，并得出了每种消息相对于寻呼信道总容量的寻呼信道占用率；最后给出了在一定假设条件下，一个寻呼区域中BHCA值和寻呼信道负荷的关系。     

CDMA寻呼信道负荷的计算(下)

首先分析了寻呼信道的特性和帧结构；然后通过分析寻呼信道发送的各种消息的内容，对每个内容的长度进行了计算，并得出了每种消息相对于寻呼信道总容量的寻呼信道占用率；最后给出了在一定假设条件下，一个寻呼区域中BHCA值和寻呼信道负荷的关系。     

CDMA无线系统中的寻呼信道负荷与短消息承载之间的关系探讨

从寻呼信道的负荷计算和短信业务在寻呼信道上发送机制两个方面来阐述信道负荷与短信业务发送之间的关系;并以石家庄系统为例计算寻呼信道负荷,分析了短消息在寻呼信道上的发送算法。     

TD-SCDMA系统中终端对寻呼块监视算法分析

终端待机时间的长短，除了和终端设计性能有关以外，还和系统的寻呼机制密切相关。在空闲模式下，终端没有必要时时解读寻呼信道上的所有寻呼块，从而大大减少终端的电源功耗，提高终端的待机时间。TD-SCDMA 系统的寻呼消息除了请求终端进行业务建立以外，还可以用于激活终端进行系统信息的解读。所以能否正确定位寻呼块的位置是终端能否省电的一个关键步骤。本文将主要介绍终端如何定位寻呼块的算法。     

Delay analysis for forward signaling channels in wireless cellularnetwork

We consider connection-oriented wireless cellular networks. Such second generation systems are circuit-switched digital networks which employ dedicated radio channels for the transmission of signaling information. A forward signaling channel is a common signaling channel assigned to carry the multiplexed stream of paging and channel-allocation packets from a base station to the mobile stations. Similarly, for ATM wireless networks, paging and virtual-circuit-allocation packets are multiplexed across the forward signaling channels as part of the virtual-circuit set-up phase. The delay levels experienced by paging and channel-allocation packets are critical factors in determining the efficient utilization of the limited radio channel capacity. A multiplexing scheme operating in a “slotted mode” can lead to reduced power consumption at the handsets, but may in turn induce an increase in packet delays. In this paper, focusing on forward signaling channels, we present schemes for multiplexing paging and channel-allocation packets across these channels, based on channelization plans, access priority assignments and paging group arrangements. For such multiplexing schemes, we develop analytical methods for the calculation of the delay characteristics exhibited by paging and channel-allocation packets. The resulting models and formulas provide for the design and analysis of forward signaling channels for wireless network systems. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

An outband paging protocol for energy-efficient mobile communications

A new protocol is proposed for reducing the power consumption of battery-powered terminals in a mobile computing environment. We exploit the fact that, in a mobile data network, mobile terminals do not continuously receive data and therefore they need not continuously operate their receivers. Nevertheless, they need to check their traffic condition periodically, that is, whether there are pending data for them or not. The proposed energy-efficient protocol is based on a paging procedure wherein a dedicated channel is used to alert (page) terminals with pending traffic. Each terminal may check its traffic condition whenever it decides to by monitoring the paging channel. The protocol is evaluated through an approximated theoretical model and through computer simulation. We focus on deriving approximate formulas for the mean message delay, the message delay variance and the power consumption. It is shown that the proposed protocol can achieve considerable power saving at a cost of increased message delivery delay.     

Impact of the location area structure on the performance ofsignaling channels in wireless cellular networks

The authors consider connection-oriented wireless cellular networks such as IS-54, IS-95, GSM, and wireless ATM networks. These are connection-oriented digital networks which employ separate radio channels for the transmission of signaling information. A forward signaling channel is a common signaling channel assigned to carry the multiplexed stream of paging and channel-allocation packets from a base station to mobile stations. For wireless ATM networks, paging and virtual-circuit (VC) allocation packets are multiplexed across the forward signaling channels as part of the VC setup phase. A reverse signaling channel, which employs a contention-oriented medium access algorithm, is used by mobile stations to send channel-request and location-update packets. A location area is a region which includes a specified set of adjacent cells; it is used to track the location of mobile stations. Mobile units must reregister as they cross the boundary of a location area. The channel setup and paging response times are critical performance factors in the design of the signaling subsystem. A location area structure must be suitably selected to ensure that acceptable levels of such performance functions are achieved. A network which employs small location-areas will experience a high rate of location updates, while larger location areas lead to higher traffic intensities of paging messages. The authors overview a method for calculating the performance behavior of signaling messages. Subsequently the impact of the location area structure on the performance of the signaling system is investigated     

Common-channel soft handoff in cdma2000. The paging channel

cdma2000 has been proposed as the standard in the US for next-generation (3G) mobile phones. This paper describes the proposed paging channel of the cdma2000. It provides both the physical layer details of operation, and the signaling and network issues required to support these new channels. The new paging channel significantly improves the standby times of the phones for the 3G systems. This paper looks at a way to put this common channel in soft handoff, thereby improving the reliability of call setup, and leading to a better standby time for the cdma2000 phones. It is shown that the method does not affect the call setup time, and causes no significant impact on the power budget of the base stations. Furthermore, it is completely backward compatible     

Trade‐off analysis of forward link capacity in IS‐95‐based CDMA cellular systems

This paper provides an analytic method to determine how many paging channels can be simultaneously used with traffic channels in the same CDMA forward link. So far, since one or two paging channels are enough to convey control messages from bases to mobiles, little considerations have been given to the paging channel configuration. CDMA network operators, however, recently plan to provide optional services which highly utilize the paging channel. Thus, more paging channels are required for the latest situation. Since the total number of channels that can be used in the forward link is limited by the interfering cellular environments, less traffic channels should be used if additional paging channels are required. It is the objective of this paper to examine the capacity of forward link in terms of paging and traffic channels so as to determine the impact of introducing value‐added services via paging channels. Different capacity regions are presented for various cellular environments. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

IIPP: integrated IP paging protocol with a power save mechanism

The advent of advanced mobile/wireless systems has been facilitating the battery‐powered mobile computing devices (nodes) to remain always connected to the internet. However, until now, the power‐drain rate of mobile nodes is very high in comparison with the available power of portable batteries. To reduce the energy consumption of mobile nodes, we present an integrated IP paging protocol (IIPP) by integrating the IP‐layer paging protocol based on Mobile IPv4 regional registration (MIPRR) with a power save mechanism. IIPP reduces the frequency of signaling messages between mobile nodes and networks. When not sending or receiving data for a certain time, mobile nodes enter power save mode (PSM), and consume very low power. We formulate analytical models and carry out simulations to evaluate the proposed IIPP. The results show that, compared to MIPRR, IIPP significantly reduces the average power consumption of the mobile node and signaling overheads in the network. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Effect of dormant registration on performance of mobility management based on IP paging in wireless data networks

Unlike traditional cellular networks, which provide mainly voice services, there is, at present, no method that enables the effective management of terminal mobility for both active and idle mobile terminals in data networks. Although IP paging has been introduced to reduce power consumption of dormant mobile terminals, there is no concern to design an effective IP paging method for real wireless environments. Therefore, we propose a new dormant registration based IP paging method and analyze the effect of the dormant registration threshold used in IP paging on the performance of mobility management. Moreover, we demonstrate the importance of selecting an appropriate value for the dormant registration threshold.     

Simulation of mobile fading channels

Many aspects of a mobile radio system are basically determined by the propagation characteristics of the channel. Therefore, an understanding and good knowledge of mobile radio channels is essential for the analysis, design, and operation of wireless systems. It allows the successful development, evaluation, and testing of any current or future communication system, whether it is for cellular mobile telephony, for radio paging, or for mobile satellite systems. This article tries to present a simple and efficient way to simulate mobile channels for development and testing of mobile wireless systems, using some of the commercial circuit-analysis and simulation programs. So, in parallel with an overview of fading-channel propagation mechanisms and aspects, compact simulation models are given that can effectively be used for further analysis and understanding of the operation of mobile fading channels.     

PIANO: A power saving strategy for cellular/VoWLAN dual-mode mobiles

The integration of cellular and VoIP over WLAN (VoWLAN) systems recently has attracted considerable interest from both academia and industry. A cellular/VoWLAN dual-mode system enables users to access a low-cost VoIP service in a WLAN hotspot and switch to a wide-area cellular system without WLANs. Unfortunately, cellular/VoWLAN dual-mode mobiles suffer the power consumption problem that becomes one of the major concerns for commercial deployment of the dual-mode service. In this study, we present a novel power saving mechanism, called PIANO (paging via another radio), for the integration of heterogeneous wireless networks, and further apply the proposed methods to implement a cellular/VoWLAN dual-mode system. Based on the proposed mechanisms, a dual-mode mobile can completely switch off its WLAN interface, only leaving the cellular interface awake to listen to paging messages. When a mobile receives a paging message from its cellular interface, it wakes up the WLAN interface and responds to connection requests via WLAN networks. Therefore, a dual-mode mobile reduces the power consumption by turning off the WLAN interface during idle, and can also receive VoWLAN services. Measurement results based on the prototype system demonstrate that the proposed methods significantly extend the standby hours of a dual-mode mobile.     

An integrated voice and data multiple-access scheme for a land-mobile satellite system

A Land-Mobile Satellite System (LMSS) is a satellite-based communications network which provides voice and data communications to mobile users in a vast geographical area. By placing a "relay tower" at a height of 22300 mi, an LMSS can provide ubiquitous radio communication to vehicles roaming in remote or thinly populated area. LMSS is capable of supporting a variety of services, such as two-way alphanumeric service, paging service, full-duplex voice service, and half-duplex dispatch service. A Network Management Center (NMC) will handle the channel requests, channel assignments, and in general the network control functions. A pool of channels is managed at the NMC to be shared by all mobile users. An integrated demand-assigned multiple-access protocol has been developed for the experimental LMSS. The pool of channels is divided into reservation channels and information channels. The information channels can be assigned by the NMC to be either voice channels or data channels. Each mobile user must send a request through one of the reservation channels to the NMC via the ALOHA random-access scheme. Once the request is received and processed, the NMC will examine the current traffic condition and assign an information channel to the user. NMC will periodically update the partitions between the reservation channels, voice channels, and data channels to optimize system performance. Data channel requests are queued at the NMC while voice channel requests are blocked calls cleared. Various operational scenarios have been investigated. Tradeoffs between the data and voice users for a given delay requirement and a given voice call blocking probability have been studied. In addition, performance impacts of such technological advancements as satellite on-board switching and variable bandwidth assignment are discussed.