硅芯管母料的研制

硅芯管母料是以高密度聚乙烯为载体树脂，加入优质硅助剂及有助于硅助剂分散的助剂复配而成。系统地考察了体系的摩擦系数与硅助剂添加量及硅助剂与功能助剂油酸酰胺、单硬脂酸甘油酯、低聚物、白油之间的协同效应，结果表明：摩擦系数随硅助剂添加量的增加而降低；硅助剂与助剂油酸酰胺、单硬脂酸甘油酯之间因加入量不同而显示出排斥效应和协同效应；硅助剂与助剂低聚物、白油之间有明显的协同效应。     

粉体材料在涂料中的应用技术Ⅱ

介绍了粉体助剂及纳米材料的性能,重点介绍涂料用助剂匹配技术要点,将不同粉体助剂或粉体助剂与液体助剂相组配形成匹配助剂,考察了匹配助剂体系的实用效能。提出纳米复合涂料定义,举例说明纳米复合颜料、纳米材料的应用技术。     

水性涂料用助剂的选用

介绍了水性涂料用助剂的作用和效果,对比分析了不同类型水性助剂的性能及其适用范围,明确了水性涂料用助剂的选用原则:针对不同涂料品种,综合考虑分散介质的性质和颜料表面的状态及特性、助剂间的相互作用、助剂与水性涂料各组分间的相互作用与制约,通过试验比较确定适宜的助剂品种及添加量,保持参与匹配助剂的本质特性和涂料体系的稳定性是助剂选用的前提。     

’99全国橡胶塑料助剂行业技术交流会在包头召开

由原化工部化学助剂信息总站和山西省化工研究所主办的’99全国橡胶塑料助剂行业技术交流、市场发展趋势及“十五”规划研讨会于 1999年 8月 12～ 15日在包头市召开。出席会议的 12 0位代表来自全国塑料助剂、塑料加工、橡胶助剂、橡胶加工以及化工机械行业的 90多个生产厂家及有关科研院所和大专院校。此次会议就塑料、橡胶助剂行业的技术进展及市场发展趋势听取了橡塑助剂行业界权威部门知名专家及资深学者的专题报告 ;以国内外热稳定剂、抗氧剂、光稳定剂、橡胶助剂等多种助剂为内容宣读和交流了论文 ;并就橡塑助剂“十五规划”的编制和…     

助剂在农药加工领域中的应用及展望

介绍了助剂的功能及特点，阐述了助剂在农药不同剂型加工中的应用情况，以及助剂的发展趋势。     

助剂在塑料包装材料中的应用及发展

介绍了塑料助剂的种类及作用,塑料包装材料的发展以及助剂在包装材料中的应用;指出了助剂在塑料包装材料中的重要作用,同时对未来塑料助剂的发展进行了预测。     

粉末涂料助剂应用的几项原则

完全固态的粉末涂料助剂的作用功能、反应机理、应用范围及对基料的影响等方面与液态涂料助剂都不尽相同。本文就粉末涂料助剂应用必需遵循的原则及助剂功能认识的局限性等进行了讨论。     

新型界面助剂的合成及性能研究

设计合成了一类新型界面助剂，对该类助剂的性能进行了研究，估算出了界面助剂的性能参数。结果表明，该类界面助剂能量提高Al(OH)3/环氧对脂复合材料的冲击强度及耐热性能，是一类有效的界面助剂。     

氧化铝陶瓷低温烧结助剂的研究进展

本文评述了低温烧结助剂对氧化铝陶瓷烧结效果的影响及烧结助剂在氧化铝陶瓷低温烧结过程中的作用机理,并介绍了几种常用的复相烧结助剂体系及体系中各组分起到的作用,最后指出了目前采用的烧结助剂在进行低温烧结氧化铝陶瓷时存在的不足及需要解决的问题.     

中国涂料用助剂的现状与发展展望

介绍了中国涂料用助剂的发展趋势及助剂市场的现状与发展前景，并简述了涂料助剂应用中须注意的若干问题。     

阴离子型添加剂对水煤浆动电势的影响

选用了变质程度不同的8种煤和三类共9种分子结构不同的阴离子型添加剂,详细考察了添加剂的结构特征对水煤浆动电势的影响规律．研究结果表明,对于线性高分子型阴离子添加剂聚对苯乙烯磺酸钠（PSS）,在所考察的相对分子量的范围内（5．34万～33．39万）,各煤种的动电势随着分子量的增加而增加（绝对值）．对于萘磺酸甲醛缩合物钠盐添加剂（NSF）,在萘环上引入甲基和苄基取代基时,动电势均有不同程度的降低．对于木质素和腐植酸盐类添加剂,高磺化度也将导致煤粒动电势的降低．     

生物柴油降凝剂的研究进展

生物柴油是绿色可再生能源,许多国家开始研究和使用生物柴油替代石化柴油。然而生物柴油低温流动性差,限制了其发展。从柴油降凝剂、生物柴油低温流动改进剂这两方面改善生物柴油低温流动性进行综述,并着重介绍作为生物柴油潜在添加剂的研究进展,最后对开发专门针对生物柴油降凝剂进行展望。     

Controlling attractive interparticle forces via small anionic and cationic additives in kaolin clay slurries

Interparticle forces govern slurry behavior in flow, mixing, sedimentation and thickening. This study evaluates the use of small anionic and cationic additives with pH to control the interparticle forces in kaolin slurry via the yield stress parameter. Both phosphate and citrate additives were found to reduce the interparticle attractive force or yield stress in the moderate pH region of 4–12. These relatively low charged additives were unable to impart a sufficiently strong repulsive interparticle force to completely disperse the slurry. Three linear relationships between yield stress and the square of zeta potential were observed in slurry with and without these additives, indicating that the yield stress–DLVO force model is obeyed in each linear region. The mid-range zeta potential region yielded a positive slope which was attributed to heterogeneous charge attraction between clay particles. It is this heterogeneous charge attraction that was weakened by the adsorbed additives. In contrast, cationic Polyethylenimine (PEI) of Mw 70,000 increases the yield stress at all pH level via bridging. Charge reversal was also observed at high PEI concentrations. In two cases, the pH of maximum yield stress and zero zeta potential coincided. A single linear yield stress–zeta potential squared relationship was observed despite particle bridging interaction being the dominant interparticle force.     

The use of electrochemical noise measurements to detect bad copper electrorefining conditions

Additives like thiourea, gelatin and chloride are used during copper electrorefining to promote a smooth deposit. However, additives can also facilitate nodule formation when their ratios and/or concentrations are inadequate. A preliminary investigation was conducted to determine if electrochemical noise (EN) measurements could be used to monitor and detect inefficient copper electrorefining conditions due to improper ratios and/or concentrations of additives. EN measurements were carried out in the laboratory under simulated industrial conditions. Galvanostatic experiments were conducted using a synthetic electrolyte containing different concentrations of additives. A 316L SS cathode and industrial copper anodes were used. The effects of three different data acquisition frequencies were also investigated. EN signals obtained as potential time record series were studied using statistical analyses and frequency domain transforms. The different calculated parameters gave similar results for all conditions studied except when additives present in the electrolyte led to nodule formation. Results also showed that the data acquisition frequency must be at least 10 Hz to detect improper ratios and/or concentrations of additives.     

Influence of electrolyte additives on safety and cycle life of rechargeable lithium cells

The influence of electrolyte additives on the safety and cycle life of 4V-class lithium cells is examined. The electrolyte solution employed was 1 M LiClO₄-propylene carbonate, the most widely used electrolyte in lithium battery research. The additives studied were ten organic aromatic compounds including biphenyl, cyclohexylbenzene and hydrogenated diphenyleneoxide. For safety, focus was given to the overcharging tolerance of the lithium cells. Biphenyl is well-known as an overcharge protection additive. The purpose of this work was to find additives with a higher oxidation potential and longer charge–discharge cycle life than biphenyl. The oxidation potentials and currents of the additives were measured to determine whether or not these compounds work as overcharge protection additives. Charge–discharge cycling efficiencies were examined for lithium metal anodes. The results showed that cyclohexylbenzene and hydrogenated diphenyleneoxide have a higher oxidation potential and a higher lithium cycling efficiency than biphenyl.     

有机添加剂作用下锌镍合金电沉积机理

运用循环伏安、交流阻抗和电势阶跃等电化学方法研究了酸性电解液中苄叉丙酮、香草醛和OP-10 3种有机添加剂对锌镍合金电沉积的作用机理.结果表明,加入有机添加剂后均能使锌镍合金电沉积电位负移,当苄叉丙酮和OP-10联合作用时,锌镍电沉积阴极超电势最大,并能有效阻化氢气析出,更有利于得到光亮锌镍合金镀层.同时伏安图上出现一...     

Performance and Emission Reduction Characteristics of Metal Based Sio2 Nanoparticle Additives Blended with Ternary Fuel (Diesel-MME-Pentanol) on CRDI Diesel Engine

Silicon - Biodiesel has been renowned as a potential and alternative fuel for years. To improve the quality of conventional fossil fuels, biodiesel, and air pollution from combustion, additives are...     

Synthetic membranes containing schardinger cyclodextrin additives

The permeation characteristics of the isomers of such aromatics as dichlorobenzenes, nitrochlorobenzenes, xylenes, etc., through a Methocel HG membrane containing various amounts of Schardinger α-cyclodextrin and β-cyclodextrin additives were measured in liquid/liquid dialysis and pervaporation experiments. The results showed that the cyclodextrins are able to selectively mediate molecular transport through the Methocel HG membranes. In general, increased membrane selectivity and a decrease in permeation rates were observed. Permeation rates for some aromatic compounds were decreased several hundred times with only 25% amounts of additive cyclodextrins in the Methocel HG membranes. Concentration electrical potential and bi-ionic electrical potential in membranes containing the Schardinger cyclodextrin have been measured and also show that the cyclodextrins are able to induce ion transport selectively through nonionic membranes. Dynamic mechanical properties of Methocel HG membranes containing cyclodextrins suggest these additives to be antiplasticizing agents. A mechanism for the modification of the intrinsic membrane permeation properties by cyclodextrin additive involving antiplasticizing action by the additives plus induced tortuous diffusion, where the latter is a result of specific interactions between the cyclodextrin additive and the permeating molecules, is proposed.     

Evaluation of Mass Transfer Enhancement by Additives Using a New Semi-Empirical Method Based on Surface Tension Gradients and Marangoni Numbers

The use of additives is a viable strategy for enhancing absorption rates and, thereby, increasing the capacity of absorption machines. However, there is no general consensus or standard procedure in selecting potential additives. In this paper, we propose a new semi-empirical approach for the evaluation of mass transfer additives using surface tension gradients and Marangoni numbers. An analytical evaluation of surface tension has been carried out for ranges of temperature and LiBr and additive concentrations.     

Combined Evaluation of the Role of Impurities and Small Additives in Glass Production

The role of impurities and small additives in the production of high-quality glass articles is considered. Certain reactions that are possible under oxidizing and reducing melting regimes are demonstrated. Certain conditions for the use of cullet are considered, and its reducing potential is evaluated.