城市人口对房地产投资的影响研究

本文根据我国31个大中城市2000年末的统计数据,通过多元线性回归模型,从诸多反映城市集聚效应的因素中,提取了直接影响房地产投资的人口因素,证明了暂住人口对房地产投资的重要影响。论文还利用路径分析法,解释了反映城市集聚效应的各因素是以怎样的方式和强度影响房地产投资的。在这些因素中,暂住人口比例、市区人口数量和消费密度对房地产投资的直接影响最大。在此基础上,本文实证分析了人口对房地产投资的显著影响,提出了评价我国城市房地产投资与城市集聚效应关系的宏观分析方法。     

全球化进程中的创意城市及创意规划

全球化提升了城市的竞争力,其中一种最成功的发展模式是创意城市。将创意作为城市发展的基本要素,需要重新界定城市的发展目标和重点,提出新的发展战略。从经济发展角度看,创意城市的发展需要依赖文化创意产业的系统化;从空间形态角度看,创意城市中包括文化特区和创意集群两种空间形态。从多伦多文化计划和加拿大圣凯瑟琳斯创新总体规划两个案例来看,创意城市规划应在战略或规划目标中突出体现"创意",以挖掘城市空间的新的增长潜力。     

Urban planning historical review of master plans and the way towards a sustainable city: Dar es Salaam,Tanzania

Urban planning in Tanzania has focused mainly on economic development. The Tanzanian government prioritizes large-scale modern projects to increase national income and propel world-class urban settlements. Dar es Salaam, Tanzania׳s largest city and main commercial center has experienced remarkable urban development. Unfortunately, its growth has not been consistent with the master plans, which also overlook sustainable urban development aspects. The high urbanization rate has exacerbated the degradation of the city׳s environment, including roadside air quality, solid waste, and water quality. The city׳s ongoing environmental dilapidation has led to a call for a sustainable urbanization to curb past urbanization problems and implement a sustainable future. This work reviews Dar es Salaam׳s available planning documents and examines how master plans can stimulate sustainable urban development. Findings suggest that master plans should not be used as a mere urban growth control tool. Master plans that are designed and conceptualized as a comprehensive strategy and integrated with different aspects of urban development can play a key role in enforcing sustainable urban development for the city.     

Urban conservation and revalorisation of dilapidated historic quarters: The case of Nanluoguxiang in Beijing

Property-led urban redevelopment in contemporary Chinese cities often results in the demolition of many historical buildings and neighbourhoods, invoking criticisms from conservationists. In the case of Beijing, the municipal government produced a series of documents in the early 2000s to implement detailed plans to conserve 25 designated historic areas in the Old City of Beijing. This paper aims to examine the recent socio-economic and spatial changes that took place within government-designated conservation areas, and scrutinise the role of the local state and real estate capital that brought about these changes. Based on recent field visits and semi-structured interviews with local residents and business premises in a case study area, this paper puts forward two main arguments. First, Beijing’s urban conservation policies enabled the intervention of the local state to facilitate revalorisation of dilapidated historic quarters and to release dilapidated courtyard houses on the real estate market. The revalorisation was possible with the participation of a particular type of real estate capital that had interests in the aesthetic value that historic quarters and traditional courtyard houses provided. Second, the paper also argues that economic benefits generated by urban conservation, if any, were shared disproportionately among local residents, and that local residents’ lack of opportunities to ‘voice out’ further consolidated the property-led characteristic of urban conservation, which failed to pay attention to social lives.     

城市文化与城市精神:规划中的辩证统一

城市文化是城市的气质,是一种具有独特性、空间性和综合性的文化形式;城市精神是城市文化主流意识的凝炼。随着城市社会经济的不断发展和全球化进程的不断深化,城市文化价值日益成为引导城市发展的主动力,具有地方特质、以传统的历史文化为核心的城市文化与城市精神是一个城市发展和参与竞争的关键,在进行城市规划时应首先进行基于城市文化的城市精神概念规划,两者是相互联系的辩证统一体。     

房地产直接投资风险及市场反应分析

房地产是一种特殊的商品,房地产市场是一个资金量大、周期长且影响因素复杂的特殊市场.这些特点决定了房地产直接投资是一种高风险行业,不确定因素对房地产投资的成败起着决定性作用.因此,研究房地产直接投资风险,对于房地产企业的经营和发展,具有重要意义.本研究通过对房地产直接投资风险及其影响因素的分析得出,房地产直接投资所面临的风险会受到经济环境、交易成本、信息不对称、不公平竞争等因素的影响;在进行房地产直接投资时,应着重分析变现风险对投资决策的影响,从而做出正确的投资决策.在此基础上,该研究也对2007年中国深圳房地产市场直接投资风险进行了实证分析.     

Urbanisation Induced Landscape Change of Urban Hills in Jinan City,Karst Geological Region of North China

Rapid economic development has induced urbanisation in China, especially in most of China's karst geological mountain regions. Jinan City belongs to the karst geological mountain region of north China and is well known for its fractured karst springs. The spatial pattern of its land use has been profoundly transformed by rapid urbanisation, and the urban hills are facing changes in the city. Although the urban area of Jinan City keeps enlarging and the dwelling conditions are increasingly improving, the destruction of Jinan's urban hills occurs owing to the mass construction of the market housing and excessive real estate investment in the karst mountainous region within the city, thereby resulting in the degradation of the urban mountainous environment and threatening the settlement safety of Jinan's residents.     

Place promotion and symbolic characterization of New Songdo City,South Korea

This paper examines the symbolic characterization of urban space in the publicity and marketing of New Songdo City – a new city under construction in South Korea. Competing with other places, the real estate sector and government actors construct the symbolic characterization of Songdo using various themes and cultural appeals. Songdo has been promoted as a node in the multicentered metropolitan region, a gateway to Northeast Asia and a living space of U-life since the groundbreaking ceremony in 2004. The real estate sector and government actors attach idealized connotations to these representations to mobilize support for their endeavor. In the process of mobilizing support, moreover, they modify these representations to adapt to the changing economic, political and social conditions. Since the wake of the global economic crisis in 2007, Songdo has been branded as a sustainable, green or eco-friendly city in publicity and marketing campaigns. This paper demonstrates that the political economy of urban development intertwines with the social construction of urban meaning and legitimacy.     

工业遗产在地产开发项目中的再利用

近代工业的发展在我国现代城市中留下了许多值得尊重和保护的工业建筑遗产。在旧城改造的过程中,在地产开发项目中如何利用这些工业遗产文化和经济价值来促进旧城活力的再生,已经受到社会的普遍关注。以无锡"西水东"这个住宅开发项目为蓝本,通过对"西水东"工业遗产保护与再利用工作成果分析与总结,探讨住宅项目中工业遗产再利用的可能性与再利用的策略,明确其对城市空间环境的改善、城市记忆的积淀、城市生机魅力的保持以及对城市文化复兴的科学意义。     

市场经济下城市规划引导市场开发的经营

国内对城市规划实施的讨论似乎远不及对城市规划方案的重视,事实上,市政府规划部门的主要功能在于贯彻实施和实现所制订的城市规划目标.文章参照战后英国城市规划功能重点的变化,阐述经济气候和政治意识形态与城市规划功能的相关关系.在宏观意义上,城市规划是旨在引导市场实现社会目标的城市经营的工具.新加坡的发展案例揭示城市规划目标的实现是规划与市场紧密互动的结果.规划若要引导城市开发,规划师就必须理解城市经济及土地房地产的经济规律和政府管理市场的方法,就必须掌握规划管理引导市场投资实施规划目标的手段和措施.     

“新城运动”启示录——从“新城运动”看现代新昆明建设

新城建设并非单纯的物质性建设或房地产开发活动，新城的健康成长是在好的发展政策指导、准确的产业定位、完善的总体规划和具有可操作性的开发策略的指导与控制下完成的。现代新昆明的建设应从新城空间发展体系、空间模式及人口与就业的平衡等方面有所考虑。     

上海城市功能转变与地域空间结构优化

本文首先分析了上海城市功能转变实质就是实现城市现代化、城市国际化和城市持续发展，它将导致城市经济结构的转变、产业和人口的疏解及房地产业、金融业等第三产业成为新的经济增长点；再针对上海城市空间结构的现状、单一城市功能带来的后果及世界大城市地域空间发展的趋势，探讨了上海城市地域空间结构优化重点在于优化城市的用地结构，搞好城市用地平衡以及扩大城市用地规模，选择好城市空间伸展轴；最后提出了几个上海城市地域空间结构优化过程中要解决的几个重要问题。     

交通基础设施对房地产开发投资的空间溢出效应分析

在考虑交通基础设施网络外部效应的基础上,利用2002-2017年省级面板数据构建多维空间权重下交通基础设施对我国房地产开发投资的空间溢出模型,结果表明:交通基础设施对我国房地产开发投资产生了负空间溢出效应,二者表现出明显的非线性关系,应加快地区间城市群的建设,推进交通一体化,优化房地产开发资本结构实现房地产业良性发展.     

对酒店式公寓设计的思考——以广州富力盈力大厦为例

作为房地产新兴项目,酒店式公寓近年来在大城市的发展是投资者关注的问题。据了解,随着全国大城市商务活动日趋频繁,市场需求日益旺盛,酒店式公寓的投资和升值潜力都令人乐观。尤其是经济发展市场化程度较高的广州,一批批刚建成的颇具特色的酒店式公寓成为了广州市一道亮丽的城市风景线,该文通过以广州富力盈力大厦为例,尝试探讨酒店式公寓设计的风格、特点及其发展趋势。     

对新疆房地产开发投资分析与宏观调控的建议

新疆房地产开发投资存在着严重的地区性不平衡,在一定程度上影响了房地产业的可持续发展.本文通过对新疆14个地州(市)房地产开发投资水平的主成分分析,得出影响当地房地产开发投资水平的主要因素,并提出对房地产开发投资的宏观调控应科学规划、区别对待,促进新疆房地产业的和谐发展.     

Understanding the Hobrecht Plan. Origin,composition, and implementation of urban design elements in the Berlin expansion plan from 1862

ABSTRACT

The nineteenth-century master plans for European cities influence their development beyond their intended lifespans and provide a variety of robust urban fabrics to this day. The Hobrecht Plan for Berlin's urban expansion (1862) was intentionally conceived to adapt to an uncertain future, remaining influential even today. For a considerable time, the Hobrecht Plan was disregarded and considered irrelevant across the spectrum of development plans in Europe. This article presents a comprehensive re-assessment of the Hobrecht Plan with an emphasis on its intrinsic value. The plan defined a new set of urban patterns, forms and spaces in 15 section plans and a range of public space typologies defining Berlin's cityscape. The plan developed a spatial and structural framework using three different urban design elements: the ring boulevard, the harbour square, and the neighbourhood square. These key organizing elements have helped public spaces remain the effective planning units of Berlin's neighbourhoods. This analysis provides insight on how contemporary master plans can better formulate long-term strategies to address complexity, adaptability, and flexibility. The article presents novel outlooks on Berlin's city structure and new knowledge of Hobrecht's contribution to the planning discipline.     

城市总体规划空间引导效能分析——以常熟市为例

空间引导效能历来是城市总体规划实施评估的核心内容。基于历年遥感影像数据,采用城市生长极核模型、用地调控效力指数、Logit回归和用地经济效益等定量方法,对常熟几轮城市总体规划中城市总体布局、重点地区用地增长、中心城区用地置换和乡镇撤并等空间政策的调控效力展开研究。结果表明:现实城市总体布局与规划构想存在一定偏差;建设用地扩张与土地经济效益空间不相匹配;规划调控和区位条件成为影响地块闲置率的主导因素。规划对建设用地的调控效力有所增强,但对重点镇的用地调控却出现较大偏差;中心城区工业用地的"退二进三"政策效果显著,"乡镇撤并"对城镇生活性用地的调控绩效明显,但却未能抑制工业用地的散点蔓延,"一镇多区"格局仍然存在。     

超大城市总体规划的转型与变革——上海市新一轮城市总体规划的实践探索

上海已进入后工业化发展阶段,作为资源环境紧约束下的超大型城市,面临着转型发展的需要.城市总体规划是重要的公共政策,对引领城市转型发展具有重要的作用.首先分析了当前城市总体规划中存在的问题,对上海历版总体规划特别是现行总规进行了分析和评价,认为现行总规对上海的城市发展发挥了重要的引领作用,但应对经济社会发展不确定性因素的能力相对较弱,缺乏实现规划目标的路径和政策,难以适应城市转型发展的新要求和新趋势,因此,需要开展新一轮城市总体规划的编制,以全面贯彻落实中央系列重要会议精神.随后详细介绍了上海新一轮城市总体规划在价值取向、思维方式、逻辑框架、规划视野、成果形式、组织方式、实施保障等方面做出的实践和探索.     

Polycentric development practice in master planning: the case of China

Towards the end of the twentieth century, polycentricity was introduced into China as a planning concept. Subsequently a number of super/mega city regions began to adopt polycentric development spatial planning strategies, which are designed to facilitate more sustainable and balanced development. This paper seeks to identify the main differences in application of polycentricity between China and the West, and explore the major emerging thematic strands of polycentric development practice, as illustrated through an evaluation of master planning in eight super/mega city regions across China. In particular, the paper highlights the divergent interpretations of polycentricity in master plan-making practice and shows how plans have been adjusted to help deliver the idea of polycentric development. Although the concept of polycentricity is relatively new in China, it has already become a normative approach used to determine future spatial structures. While there is an absence of an articulated rationality to ‘decide’ whether this is (or should be) an ‘ideal’ model, already it has gone beyond Western approaches of initially using polycentricity as an interpretative tool to describe urban realities.     

Latent sprawl patterns and the spatial distribution of businesses in a southern European city

The relocation of businesses beyond the consolidated city is an important aspect of recent urbanization trends. With economic restructuring driven by suburbanization and counter-urbanization, Southern European metropolitan areas experienced distinct growth patterns compared with north-western Europe. The present study assesses the impact of recent changes in the spatial distribution of businesses on land-use structure, sprawl trends and land consumption in a Mediterranean urban region (Athens, Greece) with the aim to identify economic drivers of sprawl and to inform urban containment strategies. Businesses showed two distinct localization patterns: manufacture, publishing and transport companies, construction and hotels were concentrated in urban municipalities; real estate, finance, high-tech, telecommunication, mining and energy enterprises settled preferentially in suburban municipalities. Dispersed urban expansion mainly reflects the spatial relocation of economic activities with high returns on capital to cheaper land. High-tech enterprises and finance/real estate businesses dominated the economic structure of municipalities with sprawled settlements. Policies securing economic development and a land-saving spatial structure are increasingly required to work towards integrated measures promoting semi-compact metropolitan poles and containing deregulated urban expansion.