高性能经编土工合成材料在我国的生产及应用

经编土工合成材料与机织土工合成材料相比,具有强度高、延伸率小、撕裂强度大、抗蠕变性好和生产率较高等特点,经编复合土工布、土工膜和土工格栅等系列产品在岩土工程中已经应用,效果良好.     

土工合成材料在土工工程中的应用

加筋土坡将土工合成材料 (土工格栅或土工织物 )加入土坡中可以起加筋作用。就加筋功能而言 ,同针刺土工织物相比 ,土工格栅和有纺土工织物可以在较小的应变下发挥作用 ,针刺土工织物则具有土工格栅和有纺土工织物所不具有的土工合成材料平面内的透水性。在实际应用过程中 ,可将不同的土工合成材料组合使用 ,使得加筋效果更加良好。例如可将针刺土工织物与土工格栅叠合铺设、针刺土工织物与有纺土工织物叠合铺设结合 ,具有加筋和排水功能 ;土工合成材料作为土坡内排水系统 (竖向和水平向 )和土工格栅、有纺土工织物结合。土工合成材料在加筋…     

经编土工合成材料(续一)

土工合成材料是一种聚合物织物,用于道路建设、排水管道、码头工程、防水堤坝、地面改造及许多其它的土木工程和环境工程。常用的经编土工织物有定向结构和复合结构。土工布的主要功能是分隔、增强、稳定、过滤、排水、防水和保护。中主要介绍了经编土工织物的结构、经编针织土工布的有关性能及测试方法,论述了土工布的设计原则,并例举了土工布工程应用实例,同时预测土工合成有着广阔的发展前景。     

土工布在土建工程上的应用

土工布是土工织物的简称,例如土工格栅、土工网、排水板和复合型土工物等。土工合成材料是继钢材、水泥、木材之后的第4种建筑材料,具有较高的拉伸强度、延伸性和整体性,有良好的水力特性,能起到较好的加筋、隔离、防护、过滤、排水、防渗的作用,在堤坝坡岸、公路建设、铁路建设、工业与民用建筑、农业、环保等领域有着广泛的应用。土工合成材料的原材料是高分子聚合物。它们是由煤、石油、天然气或石灰石中提炼出来的化学物质制成,再进一步加工成纤维或合成材料,最后制成各种产品。制造土工合成材料的聚合物主要有聚乙烯、聚酯、聚酰胺、聚…     

土工合成材料产品质量国家监督抽查结果

去年8月23日，国家质量监督检验检疫总局发布了土工合成材料产品质量国家监督抽查结果。本次共抽查了北京、天津、河北、辽宁、上海、江苏、浙江、福建、山东和湖北十个省、直辖市63家企业生产的70种土工合成材料产品，包括土工布、土工格栅、土工膜、土工复合材料4个品种。     

土工布在七建工程上的应用

土工布是土工织物的简称，例如土工格栅、土工网、排水板和复合型土工物等。土工合成材料是继钢材、水泥、木材之后的第4种建筑材料，具有较高的拉伸强度、延伸性和整体性，有良好的水力特性，能起到较好的加筋、隔离、防护、过滤、排水、防渗的作用，在堤坝坡岸、公路建设、铁路建设、工业与民用建筑、农业、环保等领域有着广泛的应用。     

土工布系列国家标准审定会召开

2008年5月13号,由纺织工业标准研究所组织国内十几位专家成立了土工布系列国家标准审定小组,对《土工合成材料现场鉴别标识》、《土工合成材料长丝机织土工布》、《土工合成材料非织造布复合土工膜》和《土工合成材料长丝纺粘针刺非织造土工布》进行审定。     

非织造土工布复合层渗透性能的分析

非织造土工布是一种新型的土工合成材料，已广泛应用于土木工程建设中，本文分析讨论了非织造土工布复合层的渗透性能及评价方法。     

用于边坡防护的土工合成材料──三维植被固土网垫

土工合成材料是用于岩土工程或土木工程等工程建设用的聚合物材料的总称,目前主要以聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚氯乙烯、丙纶、涤纶、锦纶等高聚物为原料,制成的产品主要有四大类：土工布、土工膜、特种土工材料和土工复合材料,在工程中主要起到加强。防护、过滤、排水、隔离和防渗等功能。土工合成材料已广泛应用于水利、水运。堤坝、公路、铁路。机场。环保。城建等领域。土工合成材料的应用解决了许多特殊的和复杂的工程结构问题。提高了工程质量,延长了工程的使用寿命,减少了维护费用,综合经济效益明显。近30年来土工合成材料在世界各国得…     

土工合成材料

土工合成材料俗称土工布，是产业用纺织品中的一类产品，是土木工程上应用的纺织品。作为工程材料，国内外已广泛应用在水利、交通、电力、江、河、湖、海堤坝，防止沙漠化和水土保持等工程建设中，已被誉为继钢材、木材、水泥之后的“第四建材”。半个世纪以来，各发达国家及部分发展中国家已经广泛应用。土工合成材料的分类及用途1土工织物是透水性土工材料，按织造方法可分为：（1）机织（梭织、无梭）土工布；（2）针织（经编）土工布；（3）非织造土工布：分短纤维针刺型和长丝纺粘法型；（4）复合土布由经编或非织造布与机织针刺复合…     

玻纤格栅复合土工布的开发与性能

本文介绍了PVC涂层玻纤格栅复合土工布的试制及其性能 ,并对提高玻纤格栅增强复合土工布的拉伸强度和玻璃纤维的弯曲强度进行了分析和讨论。     

角蛋白异质和同质复合膜的破坏行为探讨

为了选择适合于角蛋白基复合膜的短纤维状增强体,本文分别对纯膜,和以无机晶须与羊毛原纤增强的异质和同质复合膜的损伤和破坏行为进行分析,并探讨了头端分叉状的原纤对复合膜的增强与增韧作用。结合显微镜照片,对其拉伸曲线进行了分阶段讨论,结果表明：增强体的力学性质和形态特征对复合膜的破坏过程产生了一定的影响,但复合膜仍以基体的力学性能为主,加入增强体的同时也引入了大量启裂点,对复合膜性能起到劣化作用,但合适性能和形态特征的增强体仍可改善复合膜的性能。     

Investigation on the knittability of glass yarn

Knitted fabric reinforcements gain interest in the composite industry for their excellent drapability, impact resistance and net-shape manufacturability. However, little attention has been given to the fabrication damages on high-performance yarns during the knitting process, which were proved to be of strong influence on the final composite performance. In this paper, investigations were carried out on the knittability of glass yarn. By simplifying the knitting process into separate yarn-needle hook systems, designed experiments were carried out to evaluate the yarn-breaking process under tensile, bending and abrasive actions. Acoustic emission (AE) technology was used during the above tests to represent the fiber-breakage history. Together with the SEM photos and theoretical analysis, the reasons for glass filament breakage at low yarn tension were found to be the compound results of the bending stress and shear stress generated by contact stress concentration.     

Impact of reinforcements on heat stress in structural firefighter turnout suits

The purpose of this research was to determine the impact of additional textile layer reinforcements on garment heat loss and the physiological comfort of the firefighter. Four structural firefighter turnouts with varying levels of ‘bulk’ were assessed. A base composite analysis was conducted and each suit was evaluated for thermal resistance, evaporative resistance, and overall total heat loss (THL) on a sweating thermal manikin. Raw resistance data were then modeled to predict the physiological responses of firefighters for each turnout suit. Base composite percentages were compared to the heat loss values and predicted physiological responses. The Light Weight suit along with the Control, demonstrated the greatest heat loss values and lowest rise in predicted core temperature. Overall, results depicted the harmful impact that bulky reinforcements may have on wearer physiological comfort as the Heavy Duty suit had significantly lower heat loss and a potentially fatal maximum predicted core temperature.     

Improving the stiffness of unidirectionally oriented weft-knitted structures for polymer matrix composite reinforcement

The use of weft-knitted structures in composite reinforcements is limited due to their poor mechanical properties. The tensile behaviour of weft-knitted fabrics is strongly restricted by its loop formation. When this type of structure is used as reinforcement, the mechanical properties of the composite material may be considerably hindered, as the resin may bear the initial load and fail before the load is transferred to the reinforcing fibres. However, weft-knitting is the most suitable technique for the production of 3D fabrics for complex shape composite reinforcements and so their stiffness must be improved. This paper reports on the progress that has been made to improving the modulus of elasticity of glass fibre fleece structures in the coursewise direction, in order to enable the production of tubular or flat preforms for composite materials with adequate stiffness.     

Role of stuffer layers and fibre volume fractions on the mechanical properties of 3D woven fabrics for structural composites applications

Using weaving technology, possible manipulations can be done so as to derive maximum advantage from the reinforcements towards desired mechanical properties of the composites. Thus with different sets of weaving parameters and tow linear densities, an attempt has been made to investigate tensile, impact and knife penetration performance of different stuffer layers and fibre volume fractions of 3D orthogonal and interlock E-glass fabrics as reinforcements for composite applications. The tensile properties were effectively influenced by warp tow crimp%, number of stuffer tows per unit width of the fabric and fabric assistance. The tow linear density, fabric sett and the number of cross over points play a determining role towards impact energy absorption capacity. The fabric sett along with tow linear densities also play a vital role towards peak energy during knife penetration test. The number of cross over points were found to be least important in the knife penetration results analysis.     

非织造土工布孔径分布与渗透性能关系的研究

在过滤和排水领域中 ,非织造土工布的孔径及其分布是一项非常重要的指标 ,与土工布的渗透性能密切相关。本文在前人研究的基础上利用PoissonPolyhedron理论对非织造土工布的理论孔径分布和最大孔径进行了研究 ,得出非织造土工布孔径分布与渗透性的关系。测试非织造土工布样品得到的垂直渗透系数与理论计算值相接近     

具有开发前景的超声波复合土工布

本文简要介绍了超声波复合土工布的复合机理与设备以及超声波复合土工布的性能。超声波复合与其他复合方法相比有许多优点 ,值得进一步研究。超声波复合土工布是具有开发前景的一种新型复合土工布。     

Influence of fiber surface modifications on the mechanical behavior of Vetiveria zizanioides reinforced polymer composites

The natural fiber is pretreated with chemicals namely, alkali, peroxide, and benzoyl chloride. Composites are prepared using chemically treated fibers as reinforcements and mechanical characteristics are tested. The results confirmed that, benzoylation improved the tensile, compressive, and impact strengths of the composite by 113%, 56.78%, and 95%, respectively. Peroxide treatment has improved the flexural strength by 56.13% and improved the elongation of the composite during tension, flexure, and compression tests. The surface morphology showed minimal defects in the benzoylated composite and hence, benzoylation is suggested for the best overall behavior and peroxidation for enhanced bending and elongation.     

双向载荷下双轴向经编柔性复合材料有限元模拟

柔性复合材料在日常使用过程中不仅常常受到双向及多向拉伸载荷的作用,而且在有小裂缝的情况下还会继续使用。为更好地了解双向载荷下双轴向经编柔性复合材料拉伸和开缝撕裂性能,为材料性能评价及预测提供理论参考。本文利用有限元方法对双向载荷下双轴向经编柔性复合材料拉伸和开缝撕裂的应力应变曲线进行模拟,特别对三种不同加载比率下双向拉伸和双向载荷下开缝撕裂的应力应变曲线进行计算模拟。结果表明：有限元模拟的双轴向拉伸及开缝撕裂的应力应变曲线与试验结果在弹性阶段的拟合精确度很好,但材料屈服后拟合值偏大;不仅可以模拟现在试验可以测试的1：1加载比率下材料的应力应变曲线,而且可以模拟目前试验无法完成的其它任意载荷比下的应力应变曲线。