自然老化对木塑复合材料抗冲击性能的影响

采用两步挤出成型法制备了杉木/马尾松混合木粉增强高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)复合材料,研究了复合材料的抗冲击性能及动态力学性能.利用数理模型模拟木塑复合材料(WPCs)的冲击强度保留率.结果表明:随着杉木与马尾松质量比的增加,复合材料的储能模量提高,损耗模量降低,抗冲击性能提高.HDPE/杉木复合材料的冲击强度最高,经过2...     

Nano-CaCO3/HDPE复合材料流变性能的研究

通过熔融共混法制备了纳米碳酸钙/高密度聚乙烯(nano-CaCO3/HDPE)复合材料,使用旋转流变仪研究了复合材料的动态流变性能。结果表明,当nano-CaCO3加入量≤4%(质量分数)时,随着nano-CaCO3含量的增加,nano-CaCO3/HDPE复合材料的储能模量、损耗模量和复数黏度均高于纯HDPE,并逐渐上升。     

HDPE/木粉复合材料的性能研究

研究了不同种类的增容剂对高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)木/粉复合材料性能的影响,并研究了增容剂含量、木粉含量对复合材料力学性能及形态结构的影响。结果表明,HDPE木/粉复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度均随马来酸酐接枝HDPE(HDPE-g-MAH)含量的增加而增大;复合材料的缺口冲击强度随甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯接枝低密度聚乙烯的增加而提高;复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度随木粉含量的增加而增大;而缺口冲击强度则随木粉含量的增加呈降低趋势。     

新型叶片密炼机对HDPE/OMMT纳米复合材料结构与性能的影响

利用基于体积拉伸流变的新型叶片密炼机制备高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)/有机改性蒙脱土(OMMT)纳米复合材料。研究拉伸流场作用下,蒙脱土含量对复合材料微观相形态、热学、流变和力学性能的影响。结果表明,拉伸流场作用下,蒙脱土含量较大(5 phr)时,其也可以在HDPE基体中理想分散,形成插层或/和剥离的结构;复合材料的熔点(T_m)和耐热性能均有较大提高,结晶温度T_c几乎不变,结晶度呈先增加后降低的趋势;低频区复合材料的储能模量G'、损耗模量G″和复数黏度η*均随蒙脱土含量增加而增大;拉伸强度和断裂伸长率先增加后降低,蒙脱土含量在2~3 phr之间时有最大值,冲击强度整体呈下降趋势。     

CPE对发泡PVC/木粉复合材料熔体流变性能的影响

采用旋转流变仪,应用小振幅流变测试法研究了抗冲击改性剂氯化聚乙烯（CPE）对发泡聚氯乙烯(PVC)/木粉复合材料熔体流变性能的影响。实验结果表明：角频率（ω）在0.1～100 rad/s之间时,随ω的增大,发泡PVC/木粉复合材料熔体的复数黏度（η*）降低,表现出"剪切变稀"效应,熔体的储能模量（G′）和损耗模量（G〞）随ω的增大而增加;加入5份CPE时,复合材料熔体的G〞明显提高,G′变化幅度较小,熔体的η*增加,促进了PVC的凝胶化;继续增加CPE的用量到10份,发泡PVC/木粉复合材料熔体的G〞和G′降低,η*也降低;随着ω的增加,加入CPE使样品的损耗角正切明显降低,熔体的弹性响应增加。加入10份CPE时,发泡PVC/木粉复合材料的冲击强度提高20 ％。     

聚丙烯/木粉复合材料的制备及其力学性能的研究

以聚丙烯为基体,木粉为填料,采用机械共混、二次挤出共混和注塑成型方法制备不同木粉含量的PP/木粉复合材料,并且测定了PP/木粉复合材料的力学性能。实验结果表明:随着木粉用量的增加,复合材料拉伸强度逐渐增大;木粉用量为60%时,复合材料拉伸强度达到最大值36.04 MPa;木粉用量为80%时,复合材料拉伸强度降低到34.60 MPa。木粉的含量由20%增加到80%,复合材料弹性模量由579.12 MPa增加到869.80MPa,断裂伸长率从18.92%降低到7.39%,冲击强度由9.33 kJ/m2降低到7.76 kJ/m2。这是因为PP/木粉复合材料体系中随着木粉含量的增加,木粉起到了应力集中的作用,使材料变脆,冲击强度降低。     

碳酸钙晶须对HDPE/木粉复合材料力学性能和热稳定性影响

采用碳酸钙(CaCO_3)晶须与木粉、高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)复合,通过挤出和注塑制备CaCO_3/HDPE/木粉复合材料。借助材料试验机、热重分析仪等研究CaCO_3晶须质量分数对HDPE/木粉复合材料力学性能、吸水率和热稳定性的影响。结果表明,CaCO_3晶须可以有效改善HDPE/木粉复合材料的力学性能。拉伸强度、弯曲强度和冲击强度分别提高了43. 7%、19. 3%、20. 1%。通过60℃热水浸泡实验,发现HDPE/木粉复合材料的吸水率得到进一步降低。热重分析结果证实CaCO_3晶须的加入在一定程度上改善了HDPE/木粉复合材料的热稳定性。     

木粉含量对PE基木塑挂墙板性能的影响

以木粉和废HDPE为主要原料,用挤出成型的方法制备木塑挂墙板,试验研究了木粉含量对木塑挂墙板性能的影响。通过性能测试和断面SEM分析,结果表明:随着木粉含量的增加,弯曲模量逐渐增加,弯曲强度和落锤冲击高度先增加后降低,在木粉含量为54%时达到最大值;木粉含量增加,吸水率明显增加,但木粉分散性和耐磨性变差。     

塑料基体中MAPE/HDPE比例对木塑复合材料力学性能的影响

以高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)和马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯(MAPE)共混物为塑料基体,以木粉为填料,用注塑成型法制备木塑复合材料,研究MAPE/HDPE质量比变化对塑料基体和木塑复合材料力学性能的影响.结果表明:MAPE/HDPE比变化对MAPE/HDPE共混形成的塑料基体强度基本没有影响,但对由该共混物所制得的木塑复合材料的强度影响显著;在相同的木粉含量下,保持配方中MAPE和HDPE的总含量不变,木塑复合材料的拉伸强度随MAPE/HDPE比率增大先迅速增加,然后趋于平缓.冲击强度随MAPE/HDPE比增大逐渐减小.     

HDPE/AGR复合材料与HDPE/HC复合材料的性能对比

将改性后的人造岗石废渣(AGR)和商品重钙粉(HC)作为填料,制备高密度聚乙烯/人造岗石废渣(HDPE/AGR)和高密度聚乙烯/重钙粉(HDPE/HC)复合材料,对AGR的成分和结构进行测定,并对两种复合材料的SEM、DSC、力学性能、和流变性能进行分析,研究AGR代替HC制备HDPE复合材料的可行性。结果表明:AGR的主要成分为方解石型碳酸钙,其不饱和树脂的含量约为7.16%,且AGR的粒度分布较广,中位粒径为8.842μm。HDPE/AGR的相容性更好,界面微相分离现象减弱;同时力学性能随填料的增加而降低,HDPE/AGR拉伸强度和冲击强度均高于HDPE/HC;HDPE/AGR(30)的黏度、储能模量和损耗模量均低于HDPE/HC(30);HDPE/AGR(30)具有更好的可加工流动性,说明AGR可以代替HC作为填料改性塑料。     

Effects of filler–filler and polymer–filler interactions on rheological and mechanical properties of HDPE–wood composites

High‐density polyethylene (HDPE)–wood composite samples were prepared using a twin‐screw extruder. Improved filler–filler interaction was achieved by increasing the wood content, whereas improved polymer–filler interaction was obtained by adding the compatibilizer and increasing the melt index of HDPE, respectively. Then, effects of filler–filler and polymer–filler interactions on dynamic rheological and mechanical properties of the composites were investigated. The results demonstrated that enhanced filler–filler interaction induced the agglomeration of wood particles, which increased the storage modulus and complex viscosity of composites and decreased their tensile strength, elongation at break, and notched impact strength because of the stress concentration. Stronger polymer–filler interaction resulted in higher storage modulus and complex viscosity and increased the tensile and impact strengths due to good stress transfer. The main reasons for the results were analyzed. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

The effect of epoxy‐polyester hybrid resin on mechanical properties,rheological behavior,and water absorption of polypropylene wood flour composites

The effect of epoxy resin on mechanical and Rheological properties, and moisture absorption of wood flour polypropylene composites (WPCs) were investigated. The reactive mixing of epoxy resin with 30, and 40 wt% wood flour and polypropylene (PP) was carried out in twin screw extruder with a special screw elements arrangement. PP grafted maleic anhydrides (MPP) were used as coupling agent to improve the interfacial interactions of wood flour, epoxy resin, and PP. The tensile strength of composites decreased, and elastic modulus and moisture absorption increased with increasing epoxy resin content. The complex viscosity η* increased with increasing epoxy resin content of composites, and a synergistic effect in increasing the η* was observed at 3 wt% resin. The epoxy resin modified wood‐PP composites that chemically coupled by MPP showed minimum water absorption with highest elastic modulus. The experimental oscillation rheologyical data were used to drive a model to predict the flow behavior of WPCs, in a wide range of frequencies. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 47:2041–2048, 2007. © 2007 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Processability,morphology and mechanical properties of wood flour reinforced high density polyethylene composites

Abstract

Wood flour reinforced high density polyethylene (HDPE) composites have been prepared and their rheological properties measured. The melt viscosity decreased as the processing temperature increased and the wood flour content decreased. A power law model was used to describe the pseudoplasticity of these melts. Adding wood flour to HDPE produced an increase in tensile strength and modulus. Composites compounded in a twin screw extruder and treated with a coupling agent (vinyltrimethoxysilane) or a compatibliser (HDPE grafted with maleic anhydride) exhibited better mechanical properties than the corresponding unmodified composites because of improved dispersion and good adhesion between the wood fibre and the polyalkene matrix. Scanning electron microscopy of the fracture surfaces of these composites showed that both the coupling agent and compatibiliser gave superior interfacial strength between the wood fibre and the polyalkene matrix.     

Rheological properties of teak wood flour reinforced HDPE and maize starch composites

Teak wood flour reinforced high density polyethylene and maize starch composites were prepared by using maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene as a compatibilizer. The mechanical properties (tensile and flexural) of all the composites increased after addition of 10%–40% teak wood flour into HDPE matrix. The complex viscosity (η*) was higher for all the composites at the low frequency, but decreased with increasing frequencies indicating a shear thinning behavior of the composites. The storage modulus and loss modulus increased for the composites compared to the HDPE at low frequencies. Damping factor peak of HDPE and composites showed high below 1 Hz, but the peak start decreasing with increasing above 1 Hz. The relaxation behavior of HDPE and the composites after incorporating teak wood flour, maize starch, and compatibilizer was obtained by Han plot. Biodegradability was enhanced with the incorporation of teak wood flour, maize starch into the composites. Appreciable water uptake and the thickness swelling for the composites indicating it's potential for interior, automobile and packaging applications.     

木粉/聚丙烯复合材料力学性能及结晶行为研究

研究了木粉/聚丙烯复合材料的力学性能,结晶行为和微观结构.在木粉含量很高的情况下材料保持很好的拉伸强度,而材料的韧性随着木粉含量的增加下降很大.增容剂MA-PP的加入对材料的拉伸强度很很大的提高,而对冲击强度的影响不大.木粉/PP复合材料的结晶温度随着木粉含量的增加而增大,表明木粉对PP有异相成核的作用.复合材料电镜照片显示木粉在树脂中即使在较高含量下也分散均匀,马来酸改性聚丙烯(MA-PP)的加入提高木粉与树脂基体的界面结合.     

Study on PVC composites containing Eugenia jambolana wood flour

This article describes the properties of composites using unplasticized PVC matrix and wood flour (obtained by crushing the bark of Eugenia jambolana) as filler. Composites were prepared by mixing PVC with varying amounts of wood flour (ranging from 10–40 phr; having particle sizes of 100–150 μm and <50μm) using two‐roll mill followed by compression molding. The effect of wood flour content and its particle size on the properties, i.e., mechanical, dynamic mechanical, and thermal was evaluated. Tensile strength, impact strength, and % elongation at break decreased with increasing amounts of wood flour. Stiffness of the composites (as determined by storage modulus) increased with increasing amounts of the filler. Modulus increased significantly when wood flour having particle size <50 μm was used. Morphological characterization (SEM) showed a uniform distribution of wood flour in the composites. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2008     

Modification of wood flour/PLA composites by reactive extrusion with maleic anhydride

MA modified wood flour/PLA composites were prepared by one‐step reactive extrusion, in which wood flour and poly(lactic acid) (PLA) were used as raw material, maleic anhydride (MA) was used as modifier, and dicumyl peroxide (DCP) was used as initiator. The influences of MA concentration on the morphology, thermal stability, rheological, and mechanical properties of the composites were studied. The addition of MA improved the compatibility of the composites significantly. The thermal and rheological results showed that with the increase of the concentration of MA, the thermal stability of the composites decreased, the storage modulus and complex viscosity of the composites also decreased. The MA modified composites had an enhanced mechanical strength compared to the unmodified one. As the concentration of the MA increased, the tensile and flexural strength of the composites first increased and then decreased, and reached a maximum when the concentration of MA was 1 wt %. The MA modified composites showed a better water resistance than the unmodified ones. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 43295.     

Studies on the Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Foamed Wood-Polymer Composites

Wood flour-polypropylene foamed composites, in ratios of 10:90, 20:80, 30:70, and 40:60 (wt./wt.), were prepared with and without maleic anhydride treatment of wood flour and maleic anhydride-grafted PP (MAgPP). The effects of the amount of wood flour and its treatment on the morphology, the mechanical properties, and the thermal properties of the composites were investigated. Vicat softening temperatures (VST) were recorded as 112.9°C, 103.2°C, and 96.2°C for MAgPP wood flour (MPP), maleic anhydride-treated wood flour (MWF), and untreated wood flour (UWF) (40:60 wt./wt.) foamed composites, respectively. The heat distortion temperatures (HDT) were measured to be 80°C, 76°C, and 58°C for the respective composites. DSC thermograms showed an increase in the crystallinity of MPP and MWF composites with an increase in the ratio of wood flour in the composite, whereas the opposite trend was observed in untreated wood flour. Except for impact strength and flexural strength, Young's modulus, flexural modulus, and hardness all increased with an increase in wood flour content. The micrographs confirmed the foaming. The improvement in the properties of the composites is due to the increment in interfacial bonding between polymer and wood flour, which is caused by the compatibilizers.     

Wood Flour and Polypropylene or High Density Polyethylene Composites: Influence of Maleated Polypropylene Concentration and Extrusion Temperature on Properties

Abstract

The effects of the concentration of a maleated polypropylene additive (0 to 5 percent by weight) and of extrusion blending temperature (190°C to 250°C) on the mechanical properties of extruded and injection-molded polypropylene-wood flour composites were investigated. The effects of maleated polypropylene additive on similarly processed polypropylene-wood flour and high density polyethylene-wood flour composites were also compared. Both the additive and the high extrusion temperature led to some wood degradation and to a less polar wood surface. The additive led to greater reinforcement of the composites, as indicated by moderate but useful increases in heat deflection temperature, strength, and modulus. The major portion of those improvements was achieved by adding 1 to 2 percent additive. However, both the additive and the high extrusion temperature decreased impact resistance, presumably as a consequence of increased reinforcement by the filler particles and wood degradation. Heat deflection temperature, strength, and modulus of the polypropylene-wood flour system were marginally better than that of the high density polyethylene-wood flour system; impact resistance was marginally poorer.