ICP-AES法分析Au-Sb合金

用乙醚萃取Ａｕ－Ｓｂ合金中的Ａｕ，加络合剂抑制Ｓｂ的水解，提高了测定杂质元素的准确度。查明Ｓｂ对杂质元素测定的干扰。杂质元素标准加入回收率８２～１０３％，相对标准偏差２．０～１４％。制定了Ａｕ－Ｓｂ合金中Ｐｔ、Ｐｄ、Ｒｈ、Ｉｒ、Ａｇ等２６个杂质元素及合金成份Ｓｂ的测定方法。取２．５ｇ样品时杂质元素的测定下限为１×１０－４～２×１０－４％。测定Ｓｂ时相对误差＜２％。     

ICP－AES法分析Au－Ga合金

研究了用ＩＣＰ─ＡＥＳ法测定高纯Ａｕ─Ｇａ合金中Ｇａ及萃取Ａｕ后测定微量Ｐｔ、Ｐｄ、Ｒｈ、Ｊｒ、Ａｇ等２５个杂质元素的方法。元素间的干扰用等效浓度法校正。杂质元素标准加入回收率为８４～１０３％：相对标准偏差为２．６～１７％，取２．５ｇ样品时测定下限为５×１０￣（－５）～２×１０￣（－４）％。     

吐温80—H2O2化学发光新体系测定痕量lr（lV）

建立了吐温８０－Ｈ２Ｏ２体系测定痕量铱的新的化学发光分析法，方法的检测限为３．０×１０＾－９ｇ／ｍｌ，线性范围为１．０×１０＾－８～１．０×１０＾－５ｇ／ｍｌ，测定１００ｐｐｂ铱溶液的相对标准偏差为６．５％。     

Rh（III）—5—Br—PADAP配合物吸附波研究

Ｒｈ（Ⅲ）在０．１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＨＡｃ－０．１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＮａＡｃ，１。６０×１０＾－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ５－Ｂｒ－ＰＡＤＡＰ和０．００２５％ＯＰ溶液（ＰＨ≈４．７）中，良好的极谱波，峰电位Ｅｐ＝－０．６４Ｖ（ｖｓ．ＳＣＥ）．Ｒｈ（Ⅲ）浓度在３．９０×１０＾－９～６．８０×１０＾－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ（即０．４０～７０ｐｐｂ）与峰电流成线性关系；检出下限为１．９×１０＾－９ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。作直线法测定配合比为：Ｒｈ（Ⅲ     

ICP—AES法测定合金中的杂质元素

研究了Ａｕ－Ｎｉ（Ｙ,Ｇｄ）,Ａｕ－Ｃｕ,Ａｕ－Ｎｉ－Ｃｕ,Ａｕ－Ｃｕ－Ｎｉ－Ｚｎ（Ｍｎ）合金中的杂质元素（Ｐｂ,Ｓｂ,Ｂｉ,Ａｓ,Ｓｎ,Ｆｅ,Ａｌ,Ｚｒ,Ｂｅ,Ｖ,Ｔｉ,Ｉｎ）用Ｙ作载体的共沉淀分离富集方法,富集物转成盐酸液后用ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ法测定,试液中共存元素间的干扰用等效浓度法校正,取试样１．２５克时分析范围０．０００４％～０．２０％,ＲＳＤ一般不超出±１０％。     

Nd含量对Fe76.5—xCu1.0NbxSi13.5B9.0纳米软磁合金磁性的影响

研究了Ｆｅ７６．５－ｘＣｕ１．０ＮｂｘＳｉ１３．５Ｂ９．０纳米软磁合金的磁性，发现当Ｎｄ含量ｘ＝３．０ａｔ％４时，合金的软磁性能最高，起始磁导率μｉ可达１４．８×１０＾４，讨论了Ｎｂ贪ｘ影响合金磁性的本质。     

合金元素对Zr—Sn—Fe—Cr—Nb合金性能的影响

介绍了几种新锆合金４００℃，１０．３ＭＰａ静态高压釜试验结果和室温及高温（３７５℃）的拉伸试验结果，分析了新合金中合金元素Ｎｂ．Ｓｎ．Ｆｅ．Ｃｒ对抗伸强度及耐蚀性能的影响。结果表明：通过控制合金元素的含量，在经历与Ｚｒ－４相同的生产工艺条件下、可以得到强度和耐蚀性能更为优异的新铝合金。试验表明：这种新型的Ｚｒ－Ｓｎ－Ｆｅ－Ｃｒ－Ｎｂ中加入Ｎｂ量应在０．１ｗｔ％－０．３ｗｔ％之间；在含１ｗｔ％Ｎｂ的新合金中，Ｓｎ的含量不应低于０．５ｗｔ％：在新合金研制时，适当提高Ｆｅ＋Ｃｒ的含量是有益的，但Ｆｅ／Ｃｒ比不应     

Au—（Ⅲ）—5—Br—PADAP配合物吸附波的研究

在ｐＨ４．３０的ＨＡｃ－ＮａＡｃ缓冲液中，Ａｕ（Ⅲ）与５－Ｂｒ－ＰＡＤＡＰ经沸水浴加热形成１：１紫色配合物，在示波极谱仪上－０．６０Ⅴ（ｖｓ．ＳＣＥ）产生一灵敏的配合物吸附波。线性范围５．０×１０＾－８～２．００×１０＾－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，检出限２．０×１０＾－８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。研究３０多种离子的干扰及分离条件。用聚氨酯泡沫塑料分离金用于矿样中金的测定，结果良好。     

锆对Al—Li—Cu—Mg合金组织和力学性能的影响

本文研究了合金元素对Ａｌ－Ｌｉ－Ｃｕ－Ｍｇ合金组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明：锆可以显著地抑制合金的再结晶过程，细化合金的晶粒组织。为阻止固溶温度（５３０℃）下发生再结晶，锆含量至少为０．１０％。锆还可以加速时效过程，提高时效强化效果。最佳锆含量和固溶处理温度分别为０．１０～０．１６％和５３０℃，此时合金的强度和塑性匹配适宜。     

电厂凝汽器用铜—钛复合管的开发

研究了超轻Ｍｇ－８Ｌｉ合金的高温超塑力学性能，实验表明，在变形温度５７３Ｋ，应为速率５×１０＾４ｓ＾－１的条件下可获得最大延伸率９６０％，从对数真应力－真应变速率曲线得到的应变速率敏感性指数为０．６４，该值表明在Ｍｇ－８Ｌｉ合金中发生了晶界滑移为主要变形机制的高温变形过程。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Thermodynamics Study on the Decomposition of Chromite with KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

Influence of Heat Treatment on Damping Behaviour of the Magnesium Wrought Alloy AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.     

Directional Growth of Tin Crystals Controlled by Combined Solute Concentration Gradient Field and Static Magnetic Field

A new method was introduced to achieve directional growth of Sn crystals. Microstructures in liquid(Pb)/liquid(Sn) diffusion couples were investigated under various static magnetic fields. Results show that the β-Sn crystals mainly reveal an irregular dendritic morphology without or with a relatively low static magnetic field(B0.3 T). When the magnetic field is increased to 0.5 T, the β-Sn dendrites close to the final stage of growth begin to show some directional character. With a further increase in the magnetic field to a higher level(0.8–5 T), the β-Sn dendrites have an enhanced directional growth character, but the dendrites show a certain deflection. As the magnetic field is increased to 12 T, the directional growth of the β-Sn dendrites in the center of the couple is severely destroyed. The mechanism of the directional growth of the β-Sn crystals and the deflection of the β-Sn crystals with the application of static magnetic field was tentatively discussed.     

电化学噪声数据处理方法概述

综述了常见的电化学噪声数据处理方法,介绍了直流趋势剔除、统计分析、快速傅立叶变换(FFT)法计算功率谱密度(PSD)以及小波变换处理电化学噪声信号的基本过程,并阐释了各种数学处理及所得参数的物理意义。