层状结构正极材料的改性与研究

层状锂锰氧化物作为锂离子电池的正极材料，具有无毒、低成本、能量密度高等优点。综述了近年来锂离子电池层状正极材料的研究进展，主要讨论了层状锂锰氧化物掺杂改性对其结构和电化学性能的影响，以及多元复合材料LiMnxCoyNi1-x-yO2的结构特性、制备方法、各金属元素含量的变化对其电性能的影响。     

层状嵌锂三元过渡金属氧化物的研究进展

综述了近年来国内外锂离子电池层状正极材料中具有协同作用的Ni、Co、Mn三元过渡金属氧化物的研究现状，摘要归纳了这种三元复合型层状正极材料的新型制备方法及其各种方法的特点，以及元素的不同配比变化对材料综合电化学性能及结构的影响，并阐述了其发展方向。     

(聚丙烯-炭黑)/聚丙烯层状复合材料的结构和电磁屏蔽性能

利用微层共挤出设备,制备了导电层(炭黑(CB)填充聚丙烯(PP)-20%CB)和绝缘层PP叠合的层状复合物,同时制备了PPCB普通共混物。比较了层状材料与普通共混材料在结构形态、电学性能、力学性能和电磁屏蔽性能方面的差异。研究发现,层状材料的导电性和电磁屏蔽性能均优于普通共混样,前者的体积电阻率和屏蔽峰值分别为1.96×103Ω·cm和48 dB,后者相应值分别为12.53×106Ω·cm和28 dB。力学性能测试表明,层状材料的断裂伸长率和拉伸强度(分别为654.52%,26.37 MPa)也优于普通共混材料(188.11%,24.78 MPa)。     

层状钴氧化物热电材料的结构调控研究进展

层状钴氧化物热电材料具有性能稳定、可在氧化气氛下长期工作、无毒无污染等优点,已成为热电转换领域研究的热点之一.综述了结构调控技术对层状钴氧化物热电性能的调控和优化,重点介绍了织构取向优化、纳米结构复合化、低维化等结构调控技术的特点,分析了结构调控技术对层状钴氧化物材料热电性能的影响,初步探讨了结构调控技术提高材料热电性能的原因并介绍了层状钴氧化物材料的研发应用现状,并对其发展前景进行了展望.     

层状结构正极材料的改性与研究

层状锂锰氧化物作为锂离子电池的正极材料,具有无毒、低成本、能量密度高等优点.综述了近年来锂离子电池层状正极材料的研究进展,主要讨论了层状锂锰氧化物掺杂改性对其结构和电化学性能的影响,以及多元复合材料LiMnxCoyNi1-x-yO2的结构特性、制备方法、各金属元素含量的变化对其电性能的影响.     

铋层状结构无铅压电陶瓷的研究与进展--无铅压电陶瓷20年发明专利分析之三

铋层状结构无铅压电陶瓷因其居里温度高、介电常数低，介电击穿强度大及各向异性大等特征近年来受到广泛研究。本文归纳和分析了铋层状结构无铅压电陶瓷近20年的发明专利．着重介绍了主要体系的压电铁电性能．并对铋层状结构无铅压电陶瓷今后的发展与研究提出了一些建议。     

锂离子电池正极材料层状LiMnO2的研究进展

对近年来圆外层状氧化锰锂正极材料的研究进展进行了综述。详细介绍了正交和单斜同质多晶层状氧化锰锂的晶体结构，合成方法及其电化学特性。开发新的合成方法以及多组分掺杂改性以提高英应用性仍是今后．层状氧化锰锂的研究发展方向。     

有机-无机分子组装层状类钙钛矿结构与特性

有机-无机分子组装层状类钙钛矿材料在分子水平上结合了有机组分和无机组分的优点，无机组分通过强的共价键或离子键形成扩展的骨架，并将有机组分填入框架中形成有机层与无机层交替的结构，具有某些电学、光学、磁学等特性。在此主要介绍了有机-无机分子组装层状类钙钛矿材料的结构及相关的性能研究。     

HDPE／PA6层状阻隔材料的形态与性能研究

采用共混复合技术制备了HDPE/PA6阻隔材料,在中空吹塑成型机上制得具有层状结构的阻隔中空容器。研究了熔体粘度比、相容剂用量对阻隔容器形态结构、阻隔性能的影响,结果表明,适当的熔体粘度比与良好的相界面粘合对于层状形态的形成与阻隔性能的影响至关重要。     

高速列车车体轻量化层状复合结构隔声设计

随着高速列车车体结构轻量化的发展,层状复合结构车体在高速列车上得到广泛应用,提高层状复合结构的隔声性能,是高速列车减振降噪的关键技术。基于传递矩阵法,建立"铝板+多孔材料层+空气层+碳纤维增强板"的典型高速列车层状复合结构车体隔声计算分析模型,并分析多孔材料和空气层对层状复合结构车体隔声性能的影响。结果显示,混响声场激励下,在铝板和碳纤维增强版之间仅增加空气层只能提高车体结构高频隔声量,低频部分会由于"板-空气-板"的系统耦合共振,形成显著吻合谷,导致其隔声性能在吻合谷频率处大幅下降。对此,利用多孔材料吸声原理,提出在空气层中增加吸声材料层,抑制隔声吻合低谷,通过优化设计,得出"铝板+空气层+吸声材料+空气层+碳纤维增强板"的优化结构形式,在实现车体轻量化目标同时,可有效提高其隔声性能。     

微穿孔板-聚合物层状结构材料的制备和吸声性能

以微穿孔板(MPP)、聚氨酯泡沫(PU)、丁腈橡胶(NBR)和空腔(AG)为原料,根据不同的结构顺序分别制备出MPP-AG共振结构、MPP-PUFM层状结构、MPP-AG-NBR-PUFM多层结构材料和NBR-PUFM-MPP-AG多层结构材料,研究了MMP穿孔率、PUFM厚度、泡沫层孔径、泡沫厚度和结构交替顺序对复合...     

约束阻尼结构对阻尼峰移动的影响

通过对ＳＡ－３Ｃ、Ｔ５４／６０型阻尼材料复合前后阻尼性能的测试及用数学优化法对测试数据进行计算机模拟处理，建立了拟合方程。讨论了约束阻尼结构、多层阻尼结构和不同阻尼材料对阻尼峰移动的影响。     

Moiré Superlattice Structure in Two-Dimensional Catalysts: Synthesis,Property and Activity

Two-dimensional (2D) layered materials have been widely used as catalysts due to their high specific surface area, large fraction of uncoordinated surface atoms, and high charge carrier mobility. Moiré superlattice emerges in 2D layered materials with twist angle or lattice mismatch. By manipulating the moiré superlattice structure, 2D layered materials present modulated electronic band structure, topological edge states, and unconventional superconductivity which are tightly associated with the performance of catalysts. Hence, engineering moiré superlattice structures are proposed to be an important technology in modifying 2D layered materials for improved catalytic properties. However, currently, the investigation of moiré superlattice structure in a catalytic application is still in its infancy. This perspective starts with the discussion of structural features and fabrication strategy of 2D materials with moiré superlattice structure. Afterward, the catalytic applications, including electrocatalytic and photocatalytic applications, are summarized. In particular, the promotion mechanism of the catalytic performance caused by the moiré superlattice structure is proposed. Finally, the perspective is concluded by outlining the remaining challenges and possible solutions for the future development of 2D materials with moiré superlattice structure towards the catalytic applications.     

Electron‐Tomography Determination of the Packing Structure of Macroporous Ordered Siliceous Foams Assembled From Vesicles

The packing structures of macroporous ordered siliceous foams (MOSFs) are systematically investigated by using a 3D electron tomography technique and the nanostructural characteristics for layered MOSFs are resolved. MOSF materials adopt an ordered 2D hexagonal arrangement in single‐layered areas, regular honeycomb patterns in double‐layered samples, and polyhedric cells similar to a Weaire–Phelan structure in multilayered areas, all following the principle of minimizing surface area, which is well understood in soap foams at the macroscopic scale. In surfactant‐templated materials, liquid‐crystal templating is generally applied, but here it is revealed that the surface‐area‐minimization principle can also be applied, which facilitates the design and synthesis of novel macroporous materials using surfactant molecules as templates.     

Construction of an Unusual Two-Dimensional Layered Structure for Fused-Ring Energetic Materials with High Energy and Good Stability

The creation of high-performance energetic materials with good mechanical sensitivities has been a great challenge over the past decades, since such materials have huge amounts of energy and are thus essentially unstable. Here, we report on a promising fused-ring energetic material with an unusual two-dimensional (2D) structure, 4-nitro-7-azido-pyrazol-[3,4-d]-1,2,3-triazine-2-oxide (NAPTO), whose unique 2D structure has been confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Experimental studies show that this novel energetic compound has remarkably high energy (detonation velocity D = 9.12 km·s⁻¹; detonation pressure P = 35.1 GPa), excellent sensitivities toward external stimuli (impact sensitivity IS = 18 J; friction sensitivity FS = 325 N; electrostatic discharge sensitivity EDS = 0.32 J) and a high thermal decomposition temperature (203.2 °C), thus possessing the dual advantages of high energy and low mechanical sensitivities. To our knowledge, NAPTO is the first fused-ring energetic material with 2D layered crystal stacking. The stabilization mechanism toward external stimuli were investigated using molecular simulations, and the theoretical calculation results demonstrate that the ultraflat 2D layered structure can buffer external mechanical stimuli more effectively than other structures by converting the mechanical energy acting on the material into layer sliding and compression. Our study reveals the great promise of the fused-ring 2D layered structure for creating advanced energetic materials.     

Structure evolution of layered transition metal oxide cathode materials for Na-ion batteries: Issues,mechanism and strategies

Due to the obvious benefits of abundant resources and low cost of sodium, sodium-ion batteries have enormous development potential and a broad market outlook in the field of large-scale energy storage and low-speed electric cars. Layered oxide cathode material is considered as one of the most promising cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries due to its high energy density, rich variety, simple synthesis method and low environmental pollution. However, the layered oxides of sodium-ion batteries suffer from instability in air storage and unstable electrochemical performance during cycling. This review summarizes surface and bulk structural evolution in air exposure and during cycling to reveal the relationship between structure evolution, charge transfer mechanisms and electrochemical performance, which is of great significance for designing advanced electrode materials. The strategies based on the degradation mechanisms for layered oxides cathode materials are also discussed for the future development and industrialized application. We hope that this review will provide a basis for an accurate understanding of the structural evolution of layered oxides and provide some inspiration for the design and development of electrochemical systems with excellent performance.     

《基于混响法测试架空水膜的吸声特性》

对于水声特性的研究有很多,但目前主要集中在其传声及反射声特性的研究。有关水与其他吸声材料复合使用时吸声特性的研究和报道很少。基于架空薄膜吸声原理,提出在架空薄膜上铺水膜的新型构造和通过改变水膜厚度调节复合材料吸声特性的方法。 并利用混响室法实验测试该复合结构的扩散吸声系数,测试结果很好地说明了该复合材料具有较好的吸收低频声能力,且吸收特性与水膜厚度有关。     

新型功能性层状材料的合成及应用

无机层状化合物是一类具有规整层状结构的化合物,其层板上骨架阳离子的可替代性以及层间离子的可交换性引起了研究者的广泛兴趣.通过调变层板骨架阳离子、表面负载活性物种、层间柱撑无机或有机基团合成了各种新型功能性层状材料,并在酸碱催化、光催化、环保以及医药等领域有着广泛的应用.详细介绍了近年来新型层状化合物的合成及应用进展.     

无机层状化合物的剥离技术及应用研究

从无机层状化合物构造出发,描述了不同电性无机层状化合物的结构和剥离方法.在此基础上着重介绍了层状锰氧化物的剥离过程,并利用剥离/重组技术成功合成了一系列纳米级锰氧化物功能材料,所合成的纳米级锰氧化物功能材料期待在选择性吸附剂、选择性催化剂及锂离子二次电池正极材料等方面得到广泛应用.