叶片曲率半径变化对离心泵叶轮水力性能的影响

为了探究叶片曲率半径变化对离心泵叶轮内部流动特性以及对叶轮水力性能的影响，采用基于RNG k-ε湍流模型对某型号离心泵进行定常数值计算。在原模型的基础上，将叶片出口角在17°～23°区间内进行变化以改变叶片中后部的曲率半径大小，并在分析叶轮内速度场和压力场变化的基础上探讨叶轮水力性能发生变化的原因。结果表明：减小叶片出口角，能够有效地减小叶片中后部的曲率半径，但对叶轮扬程减小的幅度有限，最低扬程仅比原模型计算值减小了0.43%;而叶片中后部曲率半径的减小，能够有效地减小叶片两侧压差，从而进一步降低叶轮的轴功率，最小轴功率比原模型计算值降低了1.12%,最终可使叶轮的水力效率提高0.61个百分点。     

离心泵的叶片进口几何形状对泵汽蚀性能的影响

为了改善离心泵内的汽蚀性能,以ZA150 -315石油化工离心泵为研究对象,在离心叶轮基本外尺寸和设计转速相同的情况下,以3种不同厚度变化规律构造3种离心泵叶轮,运用FLUENT软件进行数值模拟计算,得到了汽蚀发生时泵内部气-液两相分布规律和压力分布规律.分析表明:叶片进口段的形状影响泵的汽蚀性能.叶片进口段形状越接近流线型泵的抗汽蚀性能越好,加大叶片进口段曲率半径可以降低泵的汽蚀余量,改善泵的汽蚀性能.     

瞬态工况下离心泵的流体运动

在理想流体欧拉方程的基础上,根据动量矩定理推导转速稳定和不稳定时的离心泵基本方程式,给出叶轮旋转加速和流体加速对性能影响的数学描述方程。研究离心泵非稳定工况下。叶轮内部流体的流动情况。     

极低比转速叶轮内流体的流动分析和叶轮的设计

通过分析得出影响低比转速离心泵效率的主要原因是在叶轮出口存在二次流、边界层的分离等而引起的射流一尾迹结构并提出了改进的方法。实例表明文中提出的加大叶轮出口宽度,采用较大的叶片出口安放角,较大的叶片包角和叶片的线型前部采用较小曲率半径,后部分采用较大的曲率半径等叶轮设计方法能够设计出具有较高效率和较好性能的低比转速离心泵。     

氟塑料离心泵性能预测及实验对比分析

以氟塑料离心泵IHF150-125-250为研究对象,运用流场计算软件FLUENT,对2种不同叶片形式叶轮氟塑料离心泵分别进行内部流场的数值模拟,同时在多功能水泵试验台上进行实验测试,将得到的外特性模拟预测数据与实验数据分别对比分析。结果表明,数值模拟的方法可以较好地对泵性能起到预测作用,改进后的扭曲叶片叶轮的氟塑料离心泵的性能优于现有的直叶片叶轮氟塑料离心泵。     

流体激振及其对离心叶轮转子的影响

求出了离心泵叶轮所受的流体激振力,并研究了离心泵在考虑流体激振力时的动态特性。建立了在该状态下的运动微分方程。分析了流体激振力对离心泵叶轮系统的振动及其轴心轨迹的影响,为离心泵的监控和设计提供了理论依据。     

叶片空间型面造型对离心泵性能的影响研究

为了研究叶片空间型面造型对离心泵外特性、内部流场的影响,以一台普通离心泵为研究模型,利用Cfturbo软件设计了两种相同设计参数,不同叶片型面造型的叶轮模型,采用标准k-ε湍流模型对两种模型叶轮离心泵内部流场进行单相定常数值模拟,并采用RNGk-ε湍流模型对两种叶轮模型离心泵空化性能进行数值模拟,得到内部流场特征、水力性能。并通过离心泵性能试验对数值模拟结果进行验证。研究结果表明:设计工况下,自由曲面叶片叶轮离心泵的扬程比倾斜直纹面叶片叶轮离心泵高0.45 m,NPSHR相同;通过优化倾斜直纹面叶片叶轮完全可以代替自由曲面叶片叶轮,降低企业的生产成本。     

离心泵叶轮上水力径向力的分析

对离心泵叶轮和蜗壳这间的水力相互作用进行了理论分析。考虑了叶轮叶片不能准确地引导流体流过叶轮，而且对蜗壳中的流动进行了准一维处理，理论模型确定了叶轮出口的流量扰动和合力。用该模型计算了叶轮上水力作用力扰动、压力分布和径向力；并给出了理论计算结果和实验研究结果的比较。     

基于CFD技术的超低比转速离心泵叶轮的优化设计

离心泵近年来在工业领域中得到了十分普遍的应用,而叶轮属于离心泵的关键部件之一,叶轮设计在很大程度上关系到离心泵的运行性能.叶轮在离心泵中的受力状态较为复杂,不但会承受自传形成的离心力,同时其叶片还会承受流体高速运动带来的冲击力.过去的叶轮设计往往是依靠统计的经验公式对其尺寸参数予以确定,但这样的缺陷在于并未强调其内部流...     

前置轴流叶轮对离心泵汽蚀性能的影响

随着离心泵向高转速化发展,离心泵的汽蚀性能成为其稳定运行的重要因素。本研究在离心轮前安装一种特殊的轴流式叶轮以提高离心泵的抗汽蚀性能。轴流式叶轮的水力设计采用升力法,设计完成后用PUMPLINX软件对装有轴流式叶轮的离心泵进行数值模拟,模拟结果表明:装有轴流式叶轮的离心泵其性能参数符合设计要求,且临界汽蚀余量显著降低到安全范围内。最后对此泵做性能试验和汽蚀试验,试验后把试验结果与装有常规诱导轮的离心泵的试验结果进行对比,结果表明,在此次研究中,装有轴流式叶轮做诱导轮的离心泵其性能与汽蚀特性均符合设计要求,并且很好地改善了装有常规诱导轮的离心泵此前在结构上的问题。     

循环泵内部流场数值模拟及研究

从流体动力学理论基础出发,对循环泵的运用和性能进行分析,利用软件UG和Gambit对循环泵全流道进行了三维建模和网格划分,并利用FLUENT软件对循环泵的吸入室、叶轮及压出室进行了模拟流动计算与分析,得到模拟分析的叶片、叶轮及泵体的速度分布图、压力分布图和绕流图。这种CFD技术在泵水力设计中的应用可以比较准确地了解泵叶轮及通流部件内部的水流运动规律,依据三维紊流场的预测结果调整叶轮内的相关的几何参数,可以保证叶轮内良好的流态,提高叶轮在全运行区域内的性能。     

Flow analysis in a return channel of a multi-stage centrifugal pump

Flow recirculation is an unpleasant and even hazardous phenomenon that can cause mechanical damage in turbomachinery and has to be prevented during their operations. We numerically studied the effects of return channel blade curvature on reducing the recirculation of flow inside the return channel vanes of a multi-stage centrifugal pump. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analyses were performed for a wide range of volumetric flow rates. The standard k-ε turbulence model was adopted as the turbulence model, and the impeller rotation simulated employing the Multiple reference frames (MRF) method. First, a baseline model together with five different modified geometries for return channel was studied and compared using a two-stage pump framework. The results reveal that decreasing the curvature of the return channel blade makes smooth streamlines and eliminates the flow recirculation inside the return channels. As the second part, two return channels with the highest pump performance were selected to be used in the simulation of a multistage pump. The simulations of the multi-stage pump show that the flow inside the baseline return channel includes considerable areas of flow recirculation, while the modified return channels again have attached flow stream. It is concluded that the return channels with the smooth curvatures and outlet blade angles above 90° remove the flow recirculation inside the return channels, resulting in higher pump efficiencies.     

CFD analysis of performance change in accordance with inner surface roughness of a double-entry centrifugal pump

In this study, the performance change of a double suction centrifugal pump (Q = 60 m³/min, H = 97 m) was analyzed using Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to investigate the effects of internal surface roughness of pump components. The calculated performance of the pump using CFD is in strong agreement with the experimental results, which used a smooth wall case. In terms of the predicted total pump efficiency with the surface roughness case, the CFD results indicate that the pump efficiency is reduced by approximately 3.0 %. CFD results reveal that the most significant roughness effect on the pump components is that of the impeller, whereas the smallest effect is that of the inlet casing. Furthermore, the CFD results demonstrate that the pump performance is strongly dependent on the outward shroud surface roughness of the impeller.     

基于CFX的国内某300MWe级核电站主泵内部流场数值研究

从反应堆冷却剂泵的经济性出发,以国内某300MWe级核电站主泵为对象,利用计算流体技术(CFD)对其内部流场进行了数值研究,以效率为中心,重点分析了主泵叶轮段、导叶体段的速度、压力分布.通过计算9个不同流量点,得到了叶轮段和整个泵段的性能曲线,并根据对比分析结果提出了优化设计方案.     

Cavitation optimization for a centrifugal pump impeller by using orthogonal design of experiment

Cavitation is one of the most important performance of centrifugal pumps. However, the current optimization works of centrifugal pump are mostly focusing on hydraulic efficiency only, which may result in poor cavitation performance. Therefore, it is necessary to find an appropriate solution to improve cavitation performance with acceptable efficiency. In this paper, to improve the cavitation performance of a centrifugal pump with a vaned diffuser, the influence of impeller geometric parameters on the cavitation of the pump is investigated using the orthogonal design of experiment(DOE) based on computational fluid dynamics. The impeller inlet diameter D_1, inlet incidence angle Δβ, and blade wrap angle φ are selected as the main impeller geometric parameters and the orthogonal experiment of L_9(3*3) is performed. Three-dimensional steady simulations for cavitation are conducted by using constant gas mass fraction model with second-order upwind, and the predicated cavitation performance is validated by laboratory experiment. The optimization results are obtained by the range analysis method to improve cavitation performance without obvious decreasing the efficiency of the centrifugal pump. The internal flow of the pump is analyzed in order to identify the flow behavior that can affect cavitation performance. The results show that D_1 has the greatest influence on the pump cavitation and the final optimized impeller provides better flow distribution at blade leading edge. The final optimized impeller accomplishes better cavitation and hydraulic performance and the NPSHR decreases by 0.63 m compared with the original one. The presented work supplies a feasible route in engineering practice to optimize a centrifugal pump impeller for better cavitation performance.     

Evaluation of subgrid-scale models in large-eddy simulations of turbulent flow in a centrifugal pump impeller

The current research of large eddy simulation (LES) of turbulent flow in pumps mainly concentrates in applying conventional subgrid-scale (SGS) model to simulate turbulent flow, which aims at obtaining the flow field in pump. The selection of SGS model is usually not considered seriously, so the accuracy and efficiency of the simulation cannot be ensured. Three SGS models including Smagorinsky-Lilly model, dynamic Smagorinsky model and dynamic mixed model are comparably studied by using the commercial CFD code Fluent combined with its user define function. The simulations are performed for the turbulent flow in a centrifugal pump impeller. The simulation results indicate that the mean flows predicted by the three SGS models agree well with the experimental data obtained from the test that detailed measurements of the flow inside the rotating passages of a six-bladed shrouded centrifugal pump impeller performed using particle image velocimetry (PIV) and laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV). The comparable results show that dynamic mixed model gives the most accurate results for mean flow in the centrifugal pump impeller. The SGS stress of dynamic mixed model is decompose into the scale similar part and the eddy viscous part. The scale similar part of SGS stress plays a significant role in high curvature regions, such as the leading edge and training edge of pump blade. It is also found that the dynamic mixed model is more adaptive to compute turbulence in the pump impeller. The research results presented is useful to improve the computational accuracy and efficiency of LES for centrifugal pumps, and provide important reference for carrying out simulation in similar fluid machineries.     

离心式液氢泵的动力特性与传热特性分析

对输运液氢的离心式液氢泵进行低温结构设计与动力单元分析,叶轮是速度能转变为压力能获得高压流体的重要部件,对离心泵的稳定输出特性有较大的影响。其中,转子(包括转轴和叶轮)是连动部件,也属于低温泵结构性传热部件。对应用于储运系统的某小流量高压头的离心式液氢泵的叶轮和转轴部件,进行功能分区,利用CFD内嵌模块对其进行数值计算。根据运行系统中输送载荷,对低温条件下的转子部件进行热-结构耦合瞬态应力应变分析,获得其动力特性;采用流固耦合方法,对叶轮区的流体域进行数值计算,分析不同流体载荷下叶轮表面应力分布;对低温离心泵轴-叶轮的传热区进行设计,分析低温-室温隔热效果,为离心式液氢泵的设计研发、结构优化和性能改进提供理论依据和参考。     

离心泵作透平最佳工况点下的瞬态流动特性分析

为揭示离心泵作透平在最佳工况点下主要过流部件的瞬态流动特性,采用修正的PANS模型对一台比转速为90的离心泵作透平的瞬态流动特性进行数值模拟,通过试验验证数值计算的准确性;根据叶片的进、出口速度三角形计算理论最佳工况点,并对最佳工况下叶栅内部的流动规律进行预测;对蜗壳、叶轮在最佳工况点下的内部瞬态流动特性进行分析。结果表明,叶轮理论进、出口最佳工况点分别为55 m³/h、108 m³/h,实际最佳工况点为80 m³/h;叶片与蜗壳隔舌的动静干涉会促进隔舌前缘旋涡的脱落,当叶轮前缘与隔舌前缘平齐时,蜗壳内压力脉动强度最低;叶栅内旋涡的脱落频率约为2f_n,涡量的演变主要由其输运方程中的拉伸项及科氏力项共同主导;吸力面附近涡量的演变对叶轮前、中部流道内的压力脉动影响较大,而叶片尾缘涡量的演变对叶轮出口处的压力脉动影响较大。研究结果可为提高离心泵作透平在余能回收系统中的运行稳定性提供参考。     

化工轴流泵的非均匀导叶布置

化工轴流泵的工作介质特性使其不便设置导轴承,导致泵转轴缩短,叶轮出口至弯管进口之间只有一段很短的垂直空间,在该空间采用常规导叶布置会恶化水力性能,而化工泵中通常不设置导叶的做法又会使叶轮出口圆周速度分量对应的能量在流道中逐渐损耗。为提高机组效率,采用计算流体力学(CFD)方法分析了均匀布置导叶时的流场特点,发现导致水力性能恶化的原因,提出非均匀导叶布置方案,并进行了数值模拟及对比。结果表明,合理的非均匀导叶布置方案能有效改善装置水力性能。