活性炭纤维对有机废气的吸附性能研究

活性炭纤维的吸附性能强、吸附量大、吸附脱附速度快,在有机废气中得到了很好的应用。深入研究活性炭纤维在物理吸附性能和化学改性后吸附性能,分析活性炭纤维在有机废气处理中的应用现状,对活性炭纤维的发展前景进行展望。     

吸附法回收油气的研究

分别以活性炭和活性炭纤维为吸附剂吸附回收油气,比较了两者油气吸附性能的差异,研究结果表明:在相同的吸附条件下,活性炭纤维对油气的穿透吸附量为114.0mg/g,明显大于活性炭对油气的穿透吸附量(71.8 mg/g),而且活性炭纤维床层的最高温升仅为4.7℃,低于活性炭床层温升(12.0℃);活性炭纤维对油气的吸附速率快、穿透时间短,但是能处理的油气的浓度小;活性炭重复利用18次后失活,活性炭纤维利用20次后失活.     

活性炭纤维吸附废水中酚的研究

通过静态和动态试验对活性炭纤维吸附废水中的酚进行了研究,测定了吸附等温线,考察了活性炭纤维的用量、苯酚浓度,以及过柱流速对吸附的影响.结果表明,活性炭纤维对苯酚的动态吸附容量为256 mg/g随着活性炭纤维用量的增加,处理水稳定时间延长;苯酚浓度越高,穿透时间越短;过柱流速越大,穿透时间越短;吸附饱和后的活性炭纤维再生后,吸附容量几乎不变.     

活性炭纤维的功能化及其在印刷有机废气处理中的应用

重点介绍了国内外活性炭纤维改性的方法及其对有机废气的吸附的研究进展,简要地介绍了活性炭纤维在吸附印刷废气处理中的应用,并对其应用前景作了展望.     

活性炭纤维的吸附性能研究与应用

介绍了活性炭纤维的生产原料和工艺,阐述了活性炭纤维在物理吸附性能和化学改性后吸附性能的研究进展,指出活性炭纤维在废气、水处理、催化、医学领域、电子工业等领域有广泛的应用,并对活性炭纤维的发展前景进行展望。     

环氧丙烷废气处理工艺

为使聚醚生产工艺产生的环氧丙烷(PO)废气排放达到环保标准,采用硫酸酸洗与活性炭纤维吸附工艺处理高浓度环氧丙烷废气。考察了酸洗工艺操作条件与活性炭纤维动态吸附对废气中PO去除效果的影响,并对两个工艺组合效果进行了评价。结果表明,在温度为25℃,PO废气进气量100 L/h,硫酸浓度(质量分数)为30%,酸量1.5 L,活性炭纤维装填量10 g时,酸洗与活性炭纤维吸附组合工艺对废气中的PO有很高的去除效果,初始浓度为800 g/Nm3的废气经处理后浓度降为4 mg/Nm3,达到了环保要求,说明组合工艺用于环氧丙烷废气处理的可行性。     

氯霉素生产所排放硝基废水的吸附处理研究

首次采用一种新型吸附材料——活性炭纤维作为吸附剂,以制药厂氯霉素车间排放的硝基废水为对象,系统研究了活性炭纤维对硝基废水的表观平衡吸附量、动态穿透特性、吸附影响因素以及吸附剂的再生性能。研究表明活性炭纤维处理硝基废水吸附容量大,吸附速度快,具有优异的再生性能,可以替代传统的颗粒状活性炭。     

含氯挥发性有机物(Cl-VOCs)废气处理的研究进展

系统调研了Cl-VOCs废气处理的研究进展。分类介绍了Cl-VOCs废气的处理方法,如焚烧法、催化燃烧法、冷凝法、生物法、催化还原法、光化学氧化法、紫外光解法、吸收法和吸附法等;总结了不同吸附材料(活性炭、活性炭纤维、聚合物以及金属有机骨架材料)对Cl-VOCs废气的吸附性能;展望了吸附法在Cl-VOCs废气处理方面的发展前景以及研究高性能吸附材料的必要性。     

活性炭纤维处理含酚废水的研究

采用活性炭纤维处理苯酚模拟废水,通过静态和动态吸附研究,测定了吸附等温线动态穿透曲线,并研究了pH、吸附平衡时间对处理效果的影响。结果表明,活性炭纤维对苯酚的吸附容量为275.1mg/g,吸附速率愉,溶液pH＞8时,吸附效率下降;吸附时间存在最佳值。吸附饱和活性炭纤维用10%的氢氧化的钠溶液再生,重复使用3次,吸附效率无明显变化。     

活性炭纤维在废气处理中的应用

活性炭纤维由于具有独特的微孔结构、巨大的比表面积和优异的吸附动力学性能,在废气处理中得到了广泛的应用.介绍了活性炭纤维的特性,对利用活性炭纤维去除特殊污染物和溶剂回收进行了综述.     

一步快速活化法制备生物质活性炭及其对乙酸乙酯的吸附再生

活性炭吸附法因技术成熟、简单易行、吸附效率高等优点而被广泛应用于挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）的处理中。本文以山林废弃物的野山桃核为原料,烟道废气及硝酸铁为活化剂,制备了一系列生物质活性炭,并利用固定床吸附装置对其吸附、再生性能进行了研究。利用二氧化碳和水蒸气模拟烟气,在固定流量的烟气活化氛围中进行活化,并探讨了不同硝酸铁的量对活性炭的孔隙结构及其吸附再生性能的影响。利用N₂ 吸附-脱附实验、扫描电镜、拉曼光谱和红外光谱等技术研究了活性炭详细特征。结果表明：当硝酸铁的质量分数为0.2% 时,所制备的活性炭AC-3具有最大的比表面积和平均孔径,分别为923m2/g及2.57nm。其对乙酸乙酯的饱和吸附量也最大,为973.04mg/g。利用烟气对AC-3活性炭进行活化再生处理,经过3次重复吸附-解吸再生实验,其饱和吸附能力仍可达91.5％以上,实现了废弃烟气资源化利用及活性炭的循环回收,从而达到废气治理的目标。     

活性炭纤维-臭氧氧化处理对硝基苯酚废水的研究

文章采用活性炭纤维吸附处理对硝基苯酚生产废水,回收其中的对硝基苯酚,并通过臭氧氧化进一步去除有机杂质,回收废水中的氯化钠以循环利用。     

Preparation of hydrophilic activated carbon through alkaline hydrolysis of ester for effective water-vapor adsorption

Hydrophilic activated carbon was prepared by a novel ethyl acetate hydrolysis method. Surface area analysis, spectroscopies, and microscopy were used to examine characteristic differences between raw and hydrophilic activated carbons. Results showed that hydrophilic groups were introduced onto the surface of activated carbon through ethyl acetate hydrolysis in an alkaline environment. The modified activated carbon exhibited higher water vapor adsorption capacity because the hydrophilic groups on its surface bound with water molecules through H-bonding. Adsorption isotherms of water vapor were well fitted by an adsorption model. The optimal temperature for thermal regeneration was determined to be 398 K.     

活性炭纤维吸附装置在发泡剂CFCs回收中的应用

在冰箱拆卸过程中，聚氨酯硬质泡沫会释放出大量CFCs，而CFCs是重要的温室气体之一，因此，冰箱拆卸过程中尾气中CFCs回收受到大家重视。本文介绍了利用活性炭纤维回收家电拆卸过程中释放出氟里昂的装置。该装置自动运行，工艺先进，并且利用高效的吸附剂一活性炭纤维。运行实践表明，利用该装置可以有效的处理冰箱拆卸过程中释放出的CFCs。     

碳纤维鱼竿生产现状及回收技术现状

介绍了碳纤维鱼竿生产现状及竿胚的生产流程,统计了各个工序中边角料、废料等可回收数量;并介绍了采用的低成本弱氧化性混合气分解回收技术回收碳纤维的技术路线;对碳纤维复合材料回收再利用技术进行了展望。     

水合焦油废水的废弃活性炭吸附法处理工艺

为了实现高原电解铝碳阳极生产中沥青烟气净化水合焦油的综合处理利用,采用活性炭吸附法处理水合焦油废水。考察了活性炭静态吸附和动态吸附焦油废水过程中主要影响参数,如吸附剂用量、反应时间、停留时间、pH、进水流速、活性炭的类型、吸附层的高度及焦油废水浓度等,绘制了吸附等温线和穿透曲线。扩大试验进一步论证了活性炭吸附焦油废水的可行性。     

活性炭纤维对水溶液中醋酸丁酯的吸附性能研究

研究了以活性炭纤维为吸附剂从水溶液中吸附醋酸丁酯的吸附静力学、动力学规律及动态吸附特性。实验表明，活性炭纤维对醋酸丁酯的吸附量较大，吸附速度快，动态吸附、脱附性能好。该方法可行，具有一定的实用价值。     

The Properties of Activated Carbon Made from Waste Newsprint Paper

Activated carbon is a porous material made by activation of carbon materials, such as coal, by steam or carbon dioxide gas to form numerous micropores on the surface which gives the material high adsorption characteristics and it is widely used as a purifier for water and air. In this research, to develop a new use for waste paper, activated carbon was prepared from waste newsprint paper and its adsorption characteristics were measured. As a result, activated carbon with an iodine adsorption capacity of 1310 mg/g, a methylene blue adsorption capacity of 326 mg/g and a specific surface area of 1000 m2/g was obtained. These adsorption capacities were almost the same as ordinary activated carbon on the market.     

VOCs在MAC上吸附等温线的测定与拟合

大气中挥发性有机物（VOCs）所造成的污染严重地危害人体健康,引起了社会公众和政府的高度重视,研究高效的VOCs治理技术已是一个刻不容缓的课题.本文主要研究用微电磁天平在线测定20、60、90、140℃时甲苯、丁醇和乙酸乙酯在蜂窝状活性炭MAC上的吸附等温线,并用Langmuir、Freundlich、Langmuir-Freundlich、DR和Toth方程对吸附实验等温线进行了拟合.结果表明,MAC对3种VOCs都有比较大的吸附容量,是一种有效的治理VOCs的方法;无论在低浓度下还是在高浓度下,Toth方程都能够很好地拟合甲苯、丁醇和乙酸乙酯在MAC上的吸附等温线,相对误差不超过±6％.     

Study of the effect of porous particles on vapor‐liquid equilibrium using the headspace gas chromatography

The effect of certain porous particles on vapor‐liquid equilibrium (VLE) of ethanol + water, ethanol + ethyl acetate, acetic acid + ethyl acetate, and n‐hexane + n‐heptane systems was investigated using the headspace gas chromatography (HSGC) at 60, 50, 50, and 50°C, respectively. Four kinds of porous particles were studied: molecular sieves (3 Å, 4 Å, 5 Å, and 13 X), activated carbons (columnar activated carbon, powdered activated carbon), activated alumina balls, and nonpolar adsorption resins (D4006, D4020). Good agreement was noticed when the experimental results in the absence of porous particles were compared with the NRTL model's predictions. These results added to the validity of using the HSGC in studying the VLE of binary systems. The results obtained showed that the VLE of these four kinds of binary mixtures in the presence of molecular sieves and activated alumina balls was altered considerably. The presence of activated carbons had no effect on the VLE of these binary systems, but the VLE of n‐hexane + n‐heptane system was altered in the presence of D4006 or D4020 nonpolar adsorption resin. Other factors, such as pore size, type, weight, properties of porous particles, and solvents were also investigated. The results showed that the alteration in the VLE of a given binary solution was a function of the pore size, type, weight, properties of porous particles and the properties of solvents. In addition, the mechanism of the porous particles altering the VLE was also analyzed accordingly. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 62: 256–263, 2016