An offset reflector antenna with low sidelobes

The corrugated conical horn is considered to be an ideal feed for low sidelobe reflector antennas because of its unique characteristics. Analysis is carried out to show that low flare horns are preferred over high flare horns to give rise to low sidelobe performance for a given offset reflector antenna system.     

反射面天线馈源喇叭边缘照射电平的分析

反射面天线设计的关键就是通过选择合适的喇叭馈源边缘照射电平以追求天线的高性能（增益,旁瓣电平, 效率等）。本文主要利用实例验证了标准反射面天线馈源喇叭的优选边缘照射电平,分析了赋形反射天线馈源喇叭的优选 边缘照射电平,给出了标准反射面和赋形反射面在设计中各自馈源喇叭的优选边缘照射电平。从而可以在设计工作中对 于不同形式的反射面天线有针对性的设计馈源喇叭的边缘照射电平。     

用FDTD和物理光学混合法分析毫米波抛物面天线

抛物面天线通常的分析方法是几何光学法和物理光学法,对于电大尺寸的抛物面天线这两种方法都可以得到较好的结果,对于电小尺寸馈源的抛物面天线,馈源方向图不仅取决于辐射器本身的辐射特性,其馈电结构对馈源方向图也有较大的影响,在此情况下,用上述方法得到的结果与实验结果之间有较大的误差.利用FDTD可以把整个馈电结构纳入计算域中,得到辐射器完整的近区场,由等效原理可求出抛物面上电流分布,从而用物理光学方法计算抛物面天线远区场.本文用这种混合方法分析计算了毫米波波导裂缝作为辐射器的抛物面天线,计算结果和测试结果相当吻合,证明了方法的有效性.     

A magnetic current loop array in a reflector antenna

A magnetic current loop antenna array is designed, implemented, and measured. Radiation pattern, input impedance, and efficiency of the array are presented. The array is intended as a feed in a reflector antenna. Using a 360 mm solid dish, the overall gain of the reflector antenna is 24.6 dB at 9 GHz. The tolerance in placing the feed at the focal point of the dish is high. The present feed is low cost, self-supportive, robust, and easy to manufacture. It is an ideal substitute for the horn in a TVRO or VSAT antenna     

基于介质波导混合模式的双频馈源喇叭天线

随着大型反射面天线技术的不断发展,天线系统对设备功能的多样化与一体化提出了更高的要求,馈源作为大型反射面天线的核心,其性能决定了反射面天线整体特性.文章基于介质波导混合模式提出了一种介质加载双频馈源喇叭天线,工作于X(7.25～7.75 GHz)/Ka(21～22 GHz)频段.利用特征值理论求解双层介质波导中电磁场表...     

Pattern synthesis of the offset reflector antenna system with lesscomplicated phased array feed

The performance degradation of an offset reflector antenna with off-axis scanning feed and distorted reflector surface can be improved by using a phased array feed. Generally, both analog attenuators and phase shifters are used in phased array feed. Yet, it seems to make the feed system very complicated. In this paper, a phase-only gradient search (POGS) algorithm is developed to optimize the performance of offset reflector antenna systems using phased array feed that is equipped with phase shifters only. This technique not only can greatly simplify the complexity of phased array feed, but also can provide the reflector antenna with better antenna gain and sidelobe level control capability. Simulation and experimental results are presented to illustrate the excellent performance of offset reflector, with limited beam scanning capability, can be obtained by using this less complicated phased array feed     

A retrodirective microstrip antenna array

A Van Atta retrodirective reflector was designed and developed, using an aperture-coupled microstrip antenna array. This reflector possesses the advantage of reflecting high fields to the source point over a wide range of incidence angles and, owing to the low cost and conformability of the structure, is suitable for applications in intelligent vehicle highway systems (IVHS). An approximate theory associated with the reradiation and scattering principles of the reflector is presented for the purpose of understanding and designing the reflector. The utility of the retrodirective reflector was demonstrated by comparison with a plate reflector and a microstrip antenna array without a feed structure. Finally, a reflector with switches in the middle of the microstrip feed lines was investigated for possible applications in communications and remote identification     

A shaped reflector antenna for 60-GHz indoor wireless LAN accesspoints

This paper addresses the design of a 60-GHz shaped reflector antenna that has to illuminate a predefined circular area without substantial spatial variation. At the boundary of this coverage area, the field strength has to fall off rapidly. Such efficient and confined illumination may be required in wireless networks that have to cope with a stringent link budget and/or require low channel dispersion. Typical examples are the emerging broadband wireless networks for customer premises and residential applications that will operate in the millimeter-wave frequency region. The particular property of the considered reflector is its diverging surface instead of the commonly applied converging shape. It is shown that the spatial variation within the defined coverage area can be within 1 dB, provided that the antenna is perfectly constructed. It is also shown that practical imperfections such as axial and lateral feed displacement and mispointing of the feed on top of effects due to blocking by the feed can contribute to spatial field variations on the order of a few decibels     

Optimization of microstrip feed geometry for prime focus reflectorantennas

The radiation characteristics of a circular microstrip antenna are studied numerically. Surface integral equations are used to formulate the problem from the boundary conditions and moment methods are used to reduce the integral equations to a matrix equation. An analytic method is used to design a microstrip feed and to achieve symmetric radiation patterns with low cross polarization and backlobe levels. The backlobe level is reduced by adding a quarter-wavelength choke to the side wall or the ground plane of the antenna and the bandwidth is improved by stacking two layers. The performance of the feed with the reflector antenna is also considered. One of the feeds was fabricated and tested. Satisfactory agreement between the computed results and the measurement data was obtained. The microstrip feed has a very small size which should reduce its blockage of the reflector aperture     

W 波段CW 雷达TR 高增益低副瓣天线

本文设计了W 波段CW 雷达TR 高增益低副瓣天线,该天线采用偏馈切割反射面,天线尺寸带到400 个 波长,实现了高增益、低旁瓣、扇形波束,从而避开馈源及其支杆的遮挡,消除了由于遮挡造成的旁瓣电平上升, 又改善了馈源的输入电压驻波比;为了测试出准确的天线参数,研制了用于该天线使用和测量的高角度分辨率的天 线转台、角度精密指示器、天线转台控制器和测试数据采集系统。解决了窄波束（0.2°）高增益天线远场测试问题, 得到了较好的天线实测结果,满足了总体对天线设计的要求。     

双频共面单脉冲天线研制

论述了双频共面单脉冲天线的设计方法。天线口径较小时,馈源的遮挡口径相对较大,这对天线的性能影响很大,选择口径较小的双频馈源是实现双频共面的关键。天线低频段馈源采用4喇叭单脉冲形式,高频段馈源采用单口多模单脉冲喇叭,通过各自的馈电网络实现单脉冲功能。天线采用卡塞格伦形式,通过对天线和馈源的优化设计,可实现天线双频段工作性能,实测结果与计算结果基本吻合。     

A microstrip array feed for land mobile satellite reflectorantennas

A circularly polarized feed array for a spacecraft reflector antenna is described that was constructed by using linearly polarized microstrip elements. The array has seven subarrays which form a single cluster as part of a large overlapping cluster reflector feed array. Each of the seven subarrays consists of four linearly polarized microstrip elements. The array achieved a better than 0.8-dB axial ratio at the array pattern peak and better then 3 dB antenna gain to 20° from the peak, across a 7.5% frequency bandwidth. A teardrop-shaped feed probe was used to achieve wideband input impedance matching for the relatively thick microstrip substrate. The low impedance and axial ratio bandwidths were achieved using a relatively thick honeycomb substrate with the impedance-matching feed probes     

Scanning properties of large dual-shaped offset and symmetricreflector antennas

The scanning properties of shaped reflectors, both offset and circularly symmetric, are examined and compared to conic section scanning characteristics. Scanning of the pencil beam is obtained by lateral and axial translation of a single point source feed. The feed is kept pointed toward the center of the subreflector. The effects of power spillover and aperture phase error as a function beam scanning are examined for several different types of large reflector design including dual-offset, circularly symmetric large f/D, and smaller f/D dual reflector antenna system. It is shown that the Abbe-sine condition for improved scanning of an optical system cannot, inherently, be satisfied in a dual-shaped reflector system that is shaped for high gain and low feed spillover. The gain loss, with scanning, of a high-gain shaped reflector pair is demonstrated to be due to both aperture phase error loss and power spillover loss     

Computer-aided design of reflector antennas: the Green Bank RadioTelescope

This paper presents an evaluation of the electrical performance of the Green Bank Telescope (GBT) reflector antenna, operating as single- and dual-offset configurations, as well as a general overview of the GBT system. The GBT dual-offset Gregorian configuration is designed for low cross polarization (XPOL) using the dual-offset reflector antenna (DORA) synthesis package code developed by the authors. The procedure implemented in DORA to upgrade an existing main reflector to a low cross-polarized dual-offset Gregorian reflector antenna is also described in this paper. All computed patterns were obtained with the parabolic reflector analysis code (PRAC) program, also developed by the authors, and with the commercial code GRASP7. The GBT radiation patterns and performance values, which include original data not available anywhere else as far as the authors know, indicate that low XPOL performance can be achieved with a dual-offset configuration, provided that a low XPOL feed is used. The GBT configuration is employed as a case example for the aforementioned procedure. However, an effort is made to present the main conclusions as generically as possible     

Leaky-Wave Slot Array Antenna Fed by a Dual Reflector System

A leaky-wave slot array antenna fed by a dual offset Gregorian reflector system is realized by pins in a parallel plate waveguide. The radiating part of the antenna is composed by parallel slots etched on one side of the same parallel plate waveguide. The dual offset Gregorian reflector system is fed by an arrangement constituted by two vias and a grid, also constituted by pins. Also this feed arrangement realizes a leaky type of radiation, this time inside the parallel plate waveguide. A prototype of the antenna has been designed, manufactured and successfully tested. The low profile, low cost and high efficiency of the antenna render it suited for a variety of radar or telecom applications.     

考虑馈源位置误差的面天线机电耦合优化设计

 针对面天线结构设计中存在的机电分离以及忽视馈源位置误差的问题,从机械电磁两场耦合的角度,将反射面天线主面误差和馈源位置误差统一到天线方向图的远场计算公式中,从而可以研究包含馈源支撑结构在内的天线结构参数对主要电性能（包括增益、副瓣、波瓣宽度、指向精度等）的影响。利用该公式建立了包含馈源支撑结构参数的天线整体机电耦合优化模型,通过某8米天线的仿真对比表明了该耦合优化模型的优点,最后将该优化模型应用于某40米大型反射面天线,取得了满意的效果。     

Low-sidelobe reflector synthesis and design using resistivesurfaces

A procedure is presented for determining the resistivity of a paraboloid's reflecting surface to obtain a desired sidelobe level. The only requirement is that the normalized aperture distribution due to the feed be greater than the corresponding normalized low sidelobe distribution at every point on the reflector (i.e. the reflection coefficient of the surface ⩽1). In the synthesis procedure, blockage is ignored and an ideal feed is assumed. In spite of this, computation of the secondary radiation patterns of a resistively corrected antenna including the feed using the method of moments shows that a -40-dB sidelobe level is achievable. In principal, there is no limit to the sidelobe reduction for the field scattered from the reflector. In practice, blockage, feed illumination errors, errors in the surface resistivity, and the feed backlobe will limit the sidelobe level     

Diffraction corrections to the cylindrical wave radiated by a linear array feed of a cylindrical reflector antenna

A phase-steered linear array feed for a parabolic cylindrical reflector antenna is considered. The nearly cylindrical wave radiated from this line feed in the Fresnel zone is expressed in terms of the isolated-element pattern. The correction to this wave due to diffraction from the endpoints of the line feed and from the grating formed by the array elements is also derived.     

双波束询问机天线的设计

设计了一种新型的双波束询问机天线。对微带馈电网络进行了一体化设计,使馈电网络的接地板与阵列的反射面共用,构成了一个结构紧凑的天馈系统。研制出性能优,成本低,重量轻的询问机天线。     

超宽带馈源技术发展综述

反射面天线是最主要的高增益天线形式,在与无线电相关的各个领域具有广泛应用。随着科技的发展,对于超宽带(UWB)反射面天线的要求日益迫切。因此,作为反射面天线核心的馈源,如何在超宽的频带内具有良好的阻抗特性、恒定的辐射特性和稳定的相位中心,已成为当今天线技术的研究热点。给出了超宽带馈源的设计要点,总结了超宽带馈源的类型、特点和发展现状,并对超宽带馈源设计技术的未来提出了展望。