双相钢激光拼焊板温拉伸性能及微观组织

利用温拉伸实验和金相实验,系统研究了双相钢激光拼焊板温拉伸过程中温度、拉伸性能及微观组织三者之间的相互关系.结果表明:随着温度的升高,双相钢激光拼焊板真实应力-应变曲线下降,抗拉强度降低,延伸率升高;温拉伸条件下双相钢激光拼焊板的断裂位置处于焊缝部位,且焊缝组织发生明显变化,随着温度的升高,焊缝中的树枝晶逐渐消失,板条马氏体最终转变为细小的等轴状铁素体;不同温度下焊缝拉伸断口均为韧窝断裂,且随着温度升高,韧窝尺寸变大,深度变深.     

双相钢激光拼焊板温拉伸流变应力模型研究

在通过温拉伸实验获得的真实应力-应变曲线的基础上,采用Zener-Hollomon参数的双曲正弦形式来建立双相钢激光拼焊板温拉伸条件下的流变应力模型,方程中材料参数通过最小二乘法线性回归获得,并将其表示成应变的多项式形式,从而使此模型适用于整个应变过程中.流变应力的预测值与实验值吻合较好,预测的最大相对误差为6.27%,最大均方差为8.718MPa,从而验证了双相钢激光拼焊板温拉伸流变应力模型的准确性.     

双相钢激光拼焊板温成形拉深性能分析研究

板料的温塑性成形方法已经得到广泛使用,可以运用到双相钢激光拼焊板成形中以提高其成形性能。以盒形件为分析对象对双相钢激光拼焊板的温拉深性能进行了研究,通过温单拉实验、盒形件温拉深过程的有限元模拟与实冲实验以及金相实验,分析了双相钢激光拼焊板由常温到500℃各个温度下的力学性能与拉深性能。结果表明:成形温度对双相钢激光拼焊板温拉深影响比较显著,在400～500℃温度范围内进行温成形,能获得较好的成形性能。     

高强度钢-普通钢拼焊板热冲压成形机理研究

目的 研究高强度钢-普通钢拼焊板热冲压成形机理.方法 对高强度22MnB5钢-Q235钢拼焊板高温力学性能及U形热弯曲件的微观组织和力学性能进行实验研究,对高温下拼焊板协调变形进行数值分析,研究拼焊板高温力学性能和热弯曲件微观组织、力学性能的影响机制及拼焊板热变形协调机制.结果 焊缝与拉伸方向平行时,800℃下拼焊板伸...     

TWIP钢激光拼焊板的力学性能及微观组织分析

为评价TWIP钢的焊接性能,对1.2 mm厚的Fe-Mn-C系TWIP钢进行了激光拼焊实验,用线扫描分析了锰元素的分布,对拼焊板进行了拉伸试验,用扫描电镜观察了拉伸断口形貌,采用背散射电子分析技术分析了拉伸前后的组织变化及孪晶形成,测试了维氏硬度的分布曲线.实验结果表明:焊缝区未发生Mn元素的挥发,室温下为显著的柱状枝晶铸态组织;断裂发生在存在气孔等微小缺陷的焊缝区,拼焊板强度与母材接近,韧性显著降低;拉伸过程中有大量的形变孪晶形成,拉伸前后均为全奥氏体组织.     

热成形淬火对QP1180/22MnB5激光拼焊板组织与性能的影响

目的 对QP1180和22MnB5激光拼焊板进行热成形试验,以解决超高强钢板材焊后的软化问题。方法 选择QP1180和22MnB5异种高强钢作为母材进行激光自熔焊,对焊后的激光拼焊板进行热成形试验,通过体式显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、液压拉伸试验机和维氏硬度计等手段,分析热成形前后激光拼焊板微观组织和力学性能的变化。结果 与焊态拉伸试样相比,热成形试样抗拉强度提高了135%,断后伸长率降低了55%,拉伸试样都在22MnB5母材处断裂,均为塑性断裂。在热成形后,对焊接接头进行组织分析,发现QP1180母材区马氏体含量增加,22MnB5母材区和临界热影响区组织由珠光体和铁素体转变为马氏体,焊接接头热影响区各亚区的组织均转变为大小不同的板条马氏体。硬度测试结果表明,焊态试样焊接接头的QP1180临界区存在软化现象,硬度值最低为335HV,22MnB5侧硬度值由母材处向焊缝升高,母材硬度最低为170HV;而在热成形后,QP1180临界区软化现象消失,硬度值趋于平缓,22MnB5母材处硬度比焊态试样硬度高了2倍。结论 与焊态试样相比,经热成形后激光拼焊板的焊后软化问题得到了解决。     

拼焊板在盒形件拉伸过程中的焊缝移动研究

分析了激光拼焊板在冲压成形过程中焊缝移动的基本原理,推导了单向拉伸情况下焊缝移动的基本公式;概述了拼焊板数值模拟建模的基本方法,并运用商业有限元软件AutoForm对盒形件拉伸过程中的焊缝移动进行了预测,将分析结果与国外实验结果进行对比,得出初始焊缝位置对焊缝移动的影响的基本规律.     

不等厚拼焊板的塑性拉伸变形性能试验分析

通过拉伸试验对拼焊板的塑性变形能力进行了测试和分析研究,针对焊缝处于拉伸试件的不同方向、不同位置进行了拉伸试验,给出了拼焊板的主要机械性能参数.讨论了焊缝方向、焊缝位置和薄厚比例对拼焊板塑性拉伸变形性能的影响,提出了冲压件中优化焊缝方向和位置的建议以获得较高的拼焊板整体塑性变形能力.     

汽车激光拼焊门内板焊缝问题分析

门内板是激光拼焊板应用于汽车车身的主要零件之一,通常由差厚板激光拼焊后经冲压成型。由于存在焊缝,且焊缝两侧的板料性能、厚度存在差异,在靠近焊缝的薄板侧很容易发生开裂,即随着板厚比例增大,破裂危险也相应增加,反之亦然。重要的是,门内板开裂问题会严重影响汽车质量,所以我们必须深入分析并解决问题。     

汽车轮辋用钢搅拌摩擦焊接头组织及力学性能

目的 为搅拌摩擦焊在轮辋钢的应用提供理论数据。方法 选用厚度为4.5 mm的江铃汽车V362轮辋钢板B380CL,采用不同的焊接参数,获得搅拌摩擦焊接头,对焊缝宏观成形及微观组织进行分析,研究焊接参数对组织的影响;通过进行拉伸试验和硬度测试,分析焊接参数对焊接接头性能的影响;对接头焊缝进行X-Ray无损探伤。结果 当搅拌头旋转速度为950 r/min,焊接速度分别为37.5, 47.5, 60 mm/min时,均能形成焊接接头。焊接速度为47.5 mm/min时,焊缝宏观成形较好,微观组织无缺陷,微观组织为铁素体和珠光体,抗拉强度最高,超过母材;焊接接头各区域微观组织硬度较母材高,伸长率较焊接速度为37.5 mm/min时的接头高。结论 搅拌摩擦焊实现轮辋钢的对接,该研究中旋转速度950 r/min,焊接速度47.5 mm/min为最佳工艺参数,接头抗拉强度超过母材。     

Effect of microstructure morphology on mechanical properties of quenching and partitioning steel

In order to illuminate the relationship between microstructure morphology and final properties of the quenching and partitioning(Q&P) steel, the samples with different microstructure morphology (equiaxed and lamellar) and same volume fraction of each phase are obtained by controlling the initial microstructure and Q&P heat treatment. Because of the feature of microstructure morphology, a large yield ratio and total elongation are obtained in the lamellar sample though yield strength and ultimate tensile strength are relatively lower than that of equiaxed sample. Moreover, the lamellar sample produces a continuous work-hardening rate and better the fracture toughness compared to the equiaxed sample. Thus the lamellar sample is more suitable to be used as automotive structural components.     

高纯钛热变形的本构模型及微观组织演变

利用轴对称单向压缩法研究了纯钛在变形温度从723~873 K范围内、应变速率从0.001~1 s-1下的热压缩行为,并通过背散射电子衍射技术对不同热变形条件下的微观组织进行表征。研究结果表明,高温轴对称单向压缩下的纯钛经历从应变硬化阶段到稳态变形阶段的过程,在低的应变速率条件下材料流变应力出现平台,高的应变速率条件下,流变应力随变形过程逐渐增加。该合金流变应力的大小受变形温度、应变速率的强烈影响,随变形温度升高而降低,随应变速率提高而增大,高纯钛是一种具有正应变速率敏感性的材料。该合金高温流变应力σ可采用ZenerHollomon参数的函数来描述,函数表达式中参数A、α和n的值分别为1.84×1024s-1、0.013 MPa-1、12.66,其热变形激活能Q为415.69 k J/mol。不同Z参数条件下微观组织对比分析表明在高的Z参数条件下,材料未发生动态再结晶,在低的Z参数条件下,材料发生明显的动态再结晶,在Z值介于两者之间时材料发生部分再结晶。     

含磷和钒热轧TRIP钢组织控制及力学性能研究

为探讨含磷和钒热轧TRIP钢的组织控制和力学性能,采用不同变形温度（900和800℃）,研究其相变行为,并在此基础上进行热轧试验.研究表明：随着冷速增加,变形温度对铁素体相变开始温度（Ar3）的影响逐渐增大;相同冷速条件下,变形使贝氏体相变开始温度（Bs）升高;变形对贝氏体相变的促进作用,随着变形温度的降低而减弱.终轧...     

Quantitative study of microstructure evolution and the effect on mechanical properties of Super304H during aging

In this paper, the evolution of microstructure and mechanical properties of Super304H during aging at 650 °C is investigated, and the effect between microstructure evolution and properties change are discussed. The results shows that the precipitated phases in the material during aging mainly include Cu-rich and MX particles with nano-size dispersed in matrix, M₂₃C₆ and σ particles with micron-size located at the grain boundary. These precipitates change significantly in quantity and size with the aging time, which affect the mechanical properties of the material. It helps to improve the tensile performance and hardness of the material, but it has an adverse effect on the impact energy. In addition, it is found that the degradation of impact energy is divided into two stages. Stage I witnesses the rapid drop in impact energy caused by Cr-depletion, which occurs between 0 to 1000 h during aging at 650°C. The content of Cr near the grain boundary rapidly drops from 21% to about 16% due to the precipitation of M₂₃C₆ particles on the grain boundary. Stage II is the stage of impact energy drop relatively smoothly, which occurs after aging for 1000 h. In this stage, although the Cr content increases from 16% to about 20% and remains stable due to intracrystalline diffusion, the impact energy decreased slowly, besides the M₂₃C₆ particles located at grain boundaries, the micron-sized brittle σ precipitated is another important reason.     

超细晶铜力学和阻尼性能及微观结构研究

在众多阻尼材料中,金属阻尼材料既能满足高阻尼减振降噪性能,又具有较高的强度,是理想的阻尼材料.为了提高商业纯铜的力学性能,分析晶粒细化程度对纯铜力学性能和阻尼性能的影响,在室温下对商业纯铜棒进行12道次BC路径等通道转角挤压(ECAP)实验.对挤压后样品进行单轴微拉伸试验和高循环拉伸疲劳试验研究其力学性能;通过动态力学...     

钛氮合金的铸态组织与性能

采用熔铸工艺法制备了含氮量为0.045%～0.27%的原位自生氮化物增强钛基复合材料,分析并测试了合金的铸态组织和力学性能.研究结果表明:在Ti-N合金中,随着氮含量的增加,合金中氮化物的形态和相组成发生了明显的改变;当氮含量在0.045%～0.18%时,合金的基体为α-Ti,增强相为TiN0.3;氮含量增加到0.225%时,增强相转变为块状Ti2N;复合材料的硬度、抗压强度和弹性模量均高于纯钛基体且随着氮含量的增加而增加;当增强相由TiN0.3转变为Ti2N时,抗压强度显著增加;由压缩断口分析可知,基体为韧性断裂,随着氮含量增加合金由韧窝 解理断口向具有解理特征的脆性断裂转变.     

Effect of vanadium micro-alloying on the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of 718H pre-hardened mold steel

The effects of different contents of vanadium(V)(0.1,0.2,and 0.3 wt%) on the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of 718H steel were investigated.The precipitate was characterized by means of atom probe tomography(APT) and bright-field transmission electron microscopy(TEM).The increase in V content has great benefits for strength,but has an adverse effect on impact toughness.The strength increase can be attributed to the influence of V addition on dislocation density,misorientation gradient,and fine scale MC precipitates.Precipitation strengthening mainly contributes to the V-added steel by analyzing various strengthening mechanisms.However,fine scale MC precipitates can pin dislocation leading to a decrease in its mobility.A large number of immovable dislocations will increase the dislocation accumulation,internal stress and brittle cracking,resulting in a gradual decrease in impact toughness with the V addition.In addition,compared with V-free steel,the dissolved V content in austenite decreases the grain boundary energy and inhibits the diffusion of the C atoms,ultimately reducing the transformation range of pearlite(P).     

Significant effect of as-cast microstructure on texture evolution and magnetic properties of strip cast non-oriented silicon steel

In this study, two types of as-cast microstructure produced by strip casting were cold rolled and annealed to investigate the effect of initial microstructure on the textural evolution and magnetic properties of non-oriented silicon steel. The results indicated that the cold-rolled sheets of coarse-grained strip with pronounced {100} components exhibited stronger λ fiber (〈100〉//ND) and weaker γ fiber (〈111〉//ND) texture as composed to the fine-grained strip with strong Goss ({110}〈001〉) texture. After annealing, the former was dominated by η fiber (〈001〉//RD) texture with a peak at {110}〈001〉 orientation, while the latter consisted of strong {111}〈112〉 and relatively weak {110}〈001〉 texture. In addition, a number of precipitates of size ～30–150?nm restricted the grain growth during annealing, resulting in recrystallization of grain size of ～46?μm in the coarse-grained specimen and ～41?μm in the fine-grained specimen. Ultimately, higher magnetic induction (～1.72?T) and lower core loss (～4.04?W/kg) were obtained in the final annealed sheets of coarse-grained strip with strong {100} texture.     

超声作用下的电铸铜微观结构与机械性能

为了改善电铸微细部件的机械性能,通过改变电铸工艺参数以及在电铸铜过程中引入超声场,得到具有不同微观结构特征的电铸铜材料.采用金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜观察电铸铜层微观形貌,用X射线衍射分析铸层晶面择优取向,并用维氏硬度计和拉伸试验机分别测试电铸铜层机械性能.实验结果表明,超声作用下电铸和普通电铸得到的铜层表面均为(220)晶面择优取向,并且超声电铸铜层的择优取向程度更强.超声电铸铜层晶粒为细小柱状晶结构,与普通电铸铜相比,其抗拉强度和显微硬度均提高约30%.在电铸溶液中氯离子(Cl-)质量浓度为60mg/L时,铸铜层晶粒比其他Cl-质量浓度时晶粒更细小,抗拉强度和塑性也更高.在电铸过程中引入超声场能改善电铸铜层的微观结构,并提高电铸铜的机械性能.     

Effect of the heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of medium-Mn-steels

ABSTRACT

The heat-treatment (HT) schedule and selected annealing parameters have a substantial effect on the microstructure and mechanical properties of medium-Mn-steels. The structure morphology depends on the fact, whether the austenite-reverted transformation takes place from deformed (one-step HT) or non-deformed (two-step HT) microstructures. Depending on the intercritical annealing temperature, the stability of the retained austenite can be altered to a large extent. As a result, the mechanical properties can be adjusted from high strength with excellent ductility to very high strength with reasonable ductility. The present contribution, therefore, elucidates the dependence of the microstructural characteristics and material behaviour on the HT parameters for medium-Mn alloy compositions with different Mn-contents.

This paper is part of a Thematic Issue on Medium Manganese Steels.